Impact of NICER's Radius Measurement of PSR J0740+6620 on Nuclear Symmetry Energy at Suprasaturation Densities

Abstract

By directly inverting several neutron star observables in the three-dimensional parameter space for the Equation of State of super-dense neutron-rich nuclear matter, we show that the lower radius limit for PSR J0740+6620 of mass $2.08\pm 0.07M_{\odot }$ from Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER)'s very recent observation sets a much tighter lower boundary than previously known for nuclear symmetry energy in the density range of $(1.0\sim 3.0)$ times the saturation density ${\rho }_0$ of nuclear matter. The super-soft symmetry energy leading to the formation of proton polarons in this density region of neutron stars is clearly disfavoured by the first radius measurement for the most massive neutron star observed reliably so far.

New calculations/discussions/references added. The Astrophysical Journal in press

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Cited by in corpus (34)

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• Impact of massive neutron star radii on the nature of phase transitions in dense matter
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• Properties of quark matter and hybrid stars from a quasiparticle model
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• Bayesian Constraints on the Neutron Star Equation of State with a Smooth Hadron-Quark Crossover