Properties of First-Order Hadron-Quark Phase Transition from Inverting Neutron Star Observables

Abstract

By inverting the observational data of several neutron star observables in the three dimensional parameter space of the constant speed of sound (CSS) model while fixing all hadronic Equation of State parameters at their currently known most probable values, we constrain the three parameters of the CSS model and their correlations. Using two lower radius limits of $R_{2.01}=11.41$ km and $R_{2.01}=12.2$ km for PSR J0740+6620 obtained from two independent analyses using different approaches by the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) Collaboration, the speed of sound squared $c_{\mathrm{QM}}^2$ in quark matter is found to have a lower limit of $0.35$ and $0.43$ in unit of $c^2$, respectively, above its conformal limit of $c_{\mathrm{QM}}^2<1/3$. An approximately linear correlation between the first-order hadron-quark transition density ${\rho }_t$ and its strength $\Delta \epsilon$ is found. Moreover, the presence of twin star is deemed improbable by the present work.

arXiv commentAdded 1 figure and some discussions. Phys. Rev. C in press

References in corpus (58)

• GW170817: Measurements of Neutron Star Radii and Equation of State
• Relativistic Shapiro delay measurements of an extremely massive millisecond pulsar
• A NICER View of the Massive Pulsar PSR J0740+6620 Informed by Radio Timing and XMM-Newton Spectroscopy
• Equations of state for supernovae and compact stars
• Refined Mass and Geometric Measurements of the High-Mass PSR J0740+6620
• PSR J0952-0607: The Fastest and Heaviest Known Galactic Neutron Star
• Cold Quark Matter
• Generic conditions for stable hybrid stars
• Constraining the neutron-proton effective mass splitting using empirical constraints on the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy around normal density
• Sound velocity bound and neutron stars
• Composition and stability of hybrid stars with hyperons and quark color-superconductivity
• The Compression-Mode Giant Resonances and Nuclear Incompressibility
• Constraining neutron star matter with QCD
• Evidence for a maximum mass cut-off in the neutron star mass distribution and constraints on the equation of state
• Maximum mass of neutron stars and strange neutron-star cores
• Neutron Star Extreme Matter Observatory: A kilohertz-band gravitational-wave detector in the global network
• Progress in Constraining Nuclear Symmetry Energy Using Neutron Star Observables Since GW170817
• Postmerger Gravitational-Wave Signatures of Phase Transitions in Binary Mergers
• The equation of state for dense nucleonic matter from a meta-modeling. II. Predictions for neutron stars properties
• Can very compact and very massive neutron stars both exist?
• Combined Constraints on the Equation of State of Dense Neutron-Rich Matter from Terrestrial Experiments and Observations of Neutron Stars
• Limiting masses and radii of neutron stars and their implications
• NNNLO pressure of cold quark matter: leading logarithm
• Neutron Star Equation of State in light of GW190814
• Constraining and applying a generic high-density equation of state
• Extracting Nuclear Symmetry Energies at High Densities from Observations of Neutron Stars and Gravitational Waves
• On the maximum mass of neutron stars and GW190814
• Bayesian Inference of High-density Nuclear Symmetry Energy from Radii of Canonical Neutron Stars
• Bayesian Inference of the Symmetry Energy of Super-Dense Neutron-Rich Matter from Future Radius Measurements of Massive Neutron Stars
• Studying strong phase transitions in neutron stars with gravitational waves
• Phase transitions in dense matter and the maximum mass of neutron stars
• Interdependence of different symmetry energy elements
• Implications of the mass $M=2.17_{-0.10}^{+0.11}$M${}_{\odot }$ of PSR~J0740+6620 on the Equation of State of Super-Dense Neutron-Rich Nuclear Matter
• Strangeness in the cores of neutron stars
• A general, scale-independent description of the sound speed in neutron stars
• Twin stars and the stiffness of the nuclear equation of state: ruling out strong phase transitions below $1.7n_0$ with the new NICER radius measurements
• Phase transitions in neutron stars and their links to gravitational waves
• Constraints on the maximum mass of neutron stars with a quark core from GW170817 and NICER PSR J0030+0451 data
• Relativistic hybrid stars in light of the NICER PSR J0740+6620 radius measurement
• Bayesian inference of dense matter EOS encapsulating a first-order hadron-quark phase transition from observables of canonical neutron stars
• Constraints on the nuclear symmetry energy from asymmetric-matter calculations with chiral NN and 3N interactions
• Large Sound Speed in Dense Matter and the Deformability of Neutron Stars
• Delineating Effects of Nuclear Symmetry Energy on the Radii and Tidal Polarizabilities of Neutron Stars
• Constraining hadron-quark phase transition parameters within the quark-mean-field model using multimessenger observations of neutron stars
• Bayesian inference of strange star equation of state using the GW170817 and GW190425 data
• On the minimum radius of very massive neutron stars
• Impact of NICER's Radius Measurement of PSR J0740+6620 on Nuclear Symmetry Energy at Suprasaturation Densities
• Equations of state and stability of color-superconducting quark matter cores in hybrid stars
• Constraint on phase transition with the multimessenger data of neutron stars
• Impact of massive neutron star radii on the nature of phase transitions in dense matter
• Probing high-density nuclear symmetry energy with ${\Xi }^{-}/{\Xi }^0$ ratio in heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}\sim 3$ GeV
• Structure of Quark Star: A Comparative Analysis of Bayesian Inference and Neural Network Based Modeling
• Constraints on the muon fraction and density profile in neutron stars
• Impact of Symmetry Energy on Sound Speed and Spinodal Decomposition in Dense Neutron-Rich Matter
• Testing the phase transition parameters inside neutron stars with the production of protons and lambdas in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Nuclear incompressibility and sound speed in uniform matter and finite nuclei
• New Bayesian analysis of hybrid EoS constraints with mass-radius data for compact stars
• Speed of sound in dense matter and two families of compact stars

Cited by in corpus (11)

• Hybrid stars in light of the HESS J1731-347 remnant and the PREX-II experiment
• Central Speed of Sound, Trace Anomaly and Observables of Neutron Stars from Perturbative Analyses of Scaled TOV Equations
• Empirical radius formulas for canonical neutron stars from bidirectionally selecting EOS features in extended Bayesian analyses of observational data
• Novel Scalings of Neutron Star Properties from Analyzing Dimensionless Tolman--Oppenheimer--Volkoff Equations
• Impact of the nuclear equation of state on the formation of twin stars
• Hybrid stars with large quark cores within the parity doublet model and modified NJL model
• Bayesian Quantification of Observability and Equation of State of Twin Stars
• New Insights into Supradense Matter from Dissecting Scaled Stellar Structure Equations
• Bayesian Inference of Hybrid Star Properties from Future High-Precision Measurements of Their Radii
• Quantifying the Information Gain from Future High-Precision Radius Measurements for Identifying Twin Neutron Stars
• Bayesian Constraints on the Neutron Star Equation of State with a Smooth Hadron-Quark Crossover