On the minimum radius of very massive neutron stars

Abstract

Prospects of establishing the radii of massive neutron stars in PSR J1614-2230 and PSR J0740+6620 from NICER and Chandra observatories hold the potential to constrain the equation of state (EoS) of matter to densities well beyond those encountered in canonical stars of mass $\sim 1.4{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$. In this work, we investigate the relation between the radii of very massive neutron stars up to the maximum mass, $M_{\max }$, supported by dense matter EoSs. Results from models with hadronic matter are contrasted with those that include a first-order hadron-to-quark phase transition. We find that a lower bound on $M_{\max }$ with an upper bound on the radius of massive pulsars serves to rule out too soft quark matter, and an upper bound on $M_{\max }$ with a lower bound on the radius of massive pulsars strongly disfavors a transition into too-stiff quark matter appearing at low densities. The complementary role played by radius inferences from future gravitational wave events of inspiraling binary neutron stars is also briefly discussed.

15 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables; discussions and references added

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• Implicit correlations within phenomenological parametric models of the neutron star equation of state
• Twin stars as probes of the nuclear equation of state: effects of rotation through the PSR J0952-0607 pulsar and constraints via the tidal deformability from the GW170817 event
• Exploring thermal effects of the hadron-quark matter transition in neutron star mergers
• XTE J1814-338: A potential hybrid star candidate
• Speed of sound in QCD matter
• Bayesian Inference of Fine-Features of Nuclear Equation of State from Future Neutron Star Radius Measurements to 0.1km Accuracy
• Speed of Sound for Hadronic and Quark Phases in a Magnetic Field
• Speed of sound bounds and first-order phase transitions in compact stars
• Novel Scalings of Neutron Star Properties from Analyzing Dimensionless Tolman--Oppenheimer--Volkoff Equations
• Impact of the nuclear equation of state on the formation of twin stars
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• Signatures of quark deconfinement through the r-modes of twin stars
• Speed of sound and liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter
• Effects of Onset of Phase Transition on Binary Neutron Star Mergers
• PSR B0656+14: the unified outlook from the infrared to X-rays
• Mass and radius of the most massive neutron star: The probe of the equation of state and perturbative QCD
• Unraveling Trace Anomaly of Supradense Matter via Neutron Star Compactness Scaling
• Bayesian Inference of Hybrid Star Properties from Future High-Precision Measurements of Their Radii
• Imprints of Non-Symmetric Dark Matter Halos on Magnetars: A Two-Fluid Perspective
• Probing neutron stars with the full pre-merger and post-merger gravitational wave signal from binary coalescences
• Binding energy of compact stars and their non-radial oscillations
• Bayesian Inference of fine-features of dense matter EOS from future high-precision data of neutron star radii
• Three-dimensional equation of state extension of quark matter in Fermi-liquid theory