The Equation of State of Hot, Dense Matter and Neutron Stars

Abstract

Recent developments in the theory of pure neutron matter and experiments concerning the symmetry energy of nuclear matter, coupled with recent measurements of high-mass neutron stars, now allow for relatively tight constraints on the equation of state of dense matter. We review how these constraints are formulated and describe the implications they have for neutron stars and core-collapse supernovae. We also examine thermal properties of dense matter, which are important for supernovae and neutron star mergers, but which cannot be nearly as well constrained at this time by experiment. In addition, we consider the role of the equation of state in medium-energy heavy-ion collisions.

87 pages, 20 figures, Accepted for Phys. Rep (Gerald E. Brown's Memorial Volume)

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• Projecting the likely importance of weak-interaction-driven bulk viscosity in neutron star mergers
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• Relativistic Neutron Stars: Rheological Type Extensions of the Equations of State
• Ground-state properties of light kaonic nuclei signaling symmetry energy at high densities
• Influence of Cluster Configurations and Nucleon--Nucleon Scattering Cross-Section on Stopping Power in Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Neutron Stars in Causal Scalar-Tensor Theories
• Pulse profile modelling of the accretion-powered millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 using NICER data from its 2019 and 2022 outbursts
• Cosmology from Strong Interactions
• Constraints from the GW170817 merger event on the nuclear matter equation of state
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• Short gamma-ray bursts and the decompression of neutron star matter in tidal streams
• Radial Oscillations of Viscous Stars
• Electrically charged compact stars with an interacting quark equation of state
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• Constraints on the Neutron Star Equation of State from GW170817
• Unified Equation of State for Neutron Stars Based on the Gogny Interaction
• Slowly rotating condensate dark stars beyond the mean-field approximation
• Gravitational wave astronomy: astrophysical and cosmological inferences
• Finite density nuclear matter and neutron stars in hard-wall AdS/QCD model
• Search for Periodic Radio Signals from Double Neutron Star System Companions Using the Fast Folding Algorithm
• Triaxial instabilities in rapidly rotating Neutron Stars
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