Pulsar Constraints on Neutron Star Structure and Equation of State

Abstract

With the aim of constraining the structural properties of neutron stars and the equation of state of dense matter, we study sudden spin-ups, glitches, occurring in the Vela pulsar and in six other pulsars. We present evidence that glitches represent a self-regulating instability for which the star prepares over a waiting time. The angular momentum requirements of glitches in Vela indicate that at least 1.4% of the star's moment of inertia drives these events. If glitches originate in the liquid of the inner crust, Vela's `radiation radius' must exceed ~12 km for a mass of 1.4 solar masses. Observational tests of whether other neutron stars obey this constraint will be possible in the near future.

5 pages, including figures. To appear in Physical Review Letters

Cited by in corpus (211)

• Neutron Star Structure and the Equation of State
• The Physics of Neutron Stars
• Neutron Star Observations: Prognosis for Equation of State Constraints
• Masses, Radii, and Equation of State of Neutron Stars
• Recent Progress and New Challenges in Isospin Physics with Heavy-Ion Reactions
• A unified equation of state of dense matter and neutron star structure
• Isospin Asymmetry in Nuclei and Neutron Stars
• The Nuclear Equation of State and Neutron Star Masses
• Neutron Star Structure and the Neutron Radius of 208Pb
• Physics of Neutron Star Crusts
• The Equation of State of Hot, Dense Matter and Neutron Stars
• A study of 315 glitches in the rotation of 102 pulsars
• Astrophysical Measurement of the Equation of State of Neutron Star Matter
• Parity Violating Measurements of Neutron Densities
• Relativistic effective interaction for nuclei, giant resonances, and neutron stars
• Nuclear Matter and its Role in Supernovae, Neutron Stars and Compact Object Binary Mergers
• Low Mass Neutron Stars and the Equation of State of Dense Matter
• Building relativistic mean field models for finite nuclei and neutron stars
• 45 Years of Rotation of the Crab Pulsar
• Pulsar glitches: The crust is not enough
• The neutron radii of Lead and neutron stars
• Nuclear constraints on properties of neutron star crusts
• Precise Gamma-Ray Timing and Radio Observations of 17 Fermi Gamma-Ray Pulsars
• Core-crust transition in neutron stars: predictivity of density developments
• Dense Matter in Compact Stars: Theoretical Developments and Observational Constraints
• The 2004 Hyperflare from SGR 1806-20: Further Evidence for Global Torsional Vibrations
• Crustal Entrainment and Pulsar Glitches
• Constraining Hadronic Superfluidity with Neutron Star Precession
• Changes in the X-ray Emission from the Magnetar Candidate 1E 2259+586 during its 2002 Outburst
• Dense Nuclear Matter Equation of State from Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Using Neutron Star Observations to Determine Crust Thicknesses, Moments of Inertia, and Tidal Deformabilities
• Recent Progress in Neutron Star Theory
• Combined Constraints on the Equation of State of Dense Neutron-Rich Matter from Terrestrial Experiments and Observations of Neutron Stars
• How viscous is a superfluid neutron star core?
• Predicting the Starquakes in PSR J0537-6910
• Equation of state and thickness of the inner crust of neutron stars
• Surface Emission from Neutron Stars and Implications for the Physics of their Interiors
• Constraining the Radii of Neutron Stars with Terrestrial Nuclear Laboratory Data
• Pulsar Glitches: The Crust may be Enough
• Locating the inner edge of neutron star crust using terrestrial nuclear laboratory data
• The glitch activity of neutron stars
• New long-term braking index measurements for glitching pulsars using a glitch-template method
• Precession Interpretation of the Isolated Pulsar PSR B1828-11
• Black Hole Formation in Core-Collapse Supernovae and Time-of-Flight Measurements of the Neutrino Masses
• The dynamics of pulsar glitches: Contrasting phenomenology with numerical evolutions
• Tidal Deformabilities and Neutron Star Mergers
• Observations of a Series of Six Recent Glitches in the Crab Pulsar
• The pasta phase within density dependent hadronic models
• Pinning down the superfluid and measuring masses using pulsar glitches
• Sensitivity of the Moment of Inertia of Neutron Stars to the Equation of State of Neutron-Rich Matter
• The Vlasov formalism for extended relativistic mean field models: the crust-core transition and the stellar matter equation of state
• Superfluidity and Superconductivity in Neutron Stars
• Nuclear symmetry energy and core-crust transition in neutron stars: a critical study
• Warm pasta phase in the Thomas-Fermi approximation
• Neutron skins and neutron stars
• A Glitch in an Anomalous X-ray Pulsar
• Bayesian analysis of the crust-core transition with a compressible liquid-drop model
• Magnetic field growth in young glitching pulsars with a braking index
• Searches for topological defect dark matter via non-gravitational signatures
• Higher-order symmetry energy and neutron star core-crust transition with Gogny forces
• The Neutron Star Crust: Nuclear Physics Input
• Impact of the neutron star crust on the tidal polarizability
• Revised Relativistic Hydrodynamical Model for Neutron-Star Binaries
• New Gogny interaction suitable for astrophysical applications
• The UTMOST pulsar timing programme I: overview and first results
• Insights on Skyrme parameters from GW170817
• Bayesian Inference of the Symmetry Energy and the Neutron Skin in ${}^{48}$Ca and ${}^{208}$Pb from CREX and PREX-2
• Vortex Unpinning in Precessing Neutron Stars
• Instabilities in asymmetric nuclear matter
• Superfluid hydrodynamics in the inner crust of neutron stars
• Pulsar glitch recovery and the superfluidity coefficients of bulk nuclear matter
• Imprint of the symmetry energy on the inner crust and strangeness content of neutron stars
• Relativistic models of the neutron-star matter equation of state
• Vortex-nucleus interaction in the inner crust of neutron stars
• Pulsar state switching, timing noise and free precession
• Horizons: Nuclear Astrophysics in the 2020s and Beyond
• Constraints on the symmetry energy from observational probes of the neutron star crust
• Dark matter effects on tidal deformabilities and moment of inertia in a hadronic model with short-range correlations
• Constraints on the inner edge of neutron star crusts from relativistic nuclear energy density functionals
• Probing isospin- and momentum-dependent nuclear effective interactions in neutron-rich matter
• Constraints on pulsar masses from the maximum observed glitch
• Glitches in rotating supersolids
• Unified neutron star EOSs and neutron star structures in RMF models
• Long-term timing and emission behavior of the young Crab-like pulsar PSR B0540-69
• Peculiar Glitch of PSR J1119-6127 and Extension of the Vortex Creep Model
• Global numerical simulations of the rise of vortex-mediated pulsar glitches in full general relativity
• Predicting the moment of inertia of pulsar J0737-3039A from Bayesian modeling of the nuclear equation of state
• General predictions for the neutron star crustal moment of inertia
• X-ray Lightcurves from Realistic Polar Cap Models: Inclined Pulsar Magnetospheres and Multipole Fields
• Anti-glitches in the Ultraluminous Accreting Pulsar NGC 300 ULX-1 Observed with NICER
• Return of the Big Glitcher: NICER timing and glitches of PSR J0537-6910
• Glitch time series and size distributions in eight prolific pulsars
• Nonlinear interglitch dynamics, the braking index of the Vela pulsar and the time to the next glitch
• Structures of the Vela pulsar and the glitch crisis from the Brueckner theory
• The glitches and rotational history of the highly energetic young pulsar PSR J0537$-$6910
• Observational constraints on neutron star crust-core coupling during glitches
• Postglitch exponential relaxation of radio pulsars and magnetars in terms of vortex creep across flux tubes
• Nuclear fourth-order symmetry energy and its effects on neutron star properties in the relativistic Hartree-Fock theory
• Study of the core-crust transition in neutron stars with finite-range interactions: the dynamical method
• A superfluid perspective on neutron star dynamics
• Dark particle mass effects on neutron star properties from a short-range correlated hadronic model
• Core and crust contributions in pulsar glitches: constraints from the slow rise of the largest glitch observed in the Crab pulsar
• Transient gravitational waves from pulsar post-glitch recoveries
• Rapid spin changes around a magnetar fast radio burst
• Gamma-Ray Bursts via the Neutrino Emission from Heated Neutron Stars
• Constraining Nuclear Symmetry Energy with Multi-messenger Resonant Shattering Flares
• A universal formula for the relativistic correction to the mutual friction coupling time-scale in neutron stars
• Correlation of the neutron star crust-core properties with the slope of the symmetry energy and the lead skin thickness
• Validating Simple Dynamical Simulations of the Unitary Fermi Gas
• Effect of strong magnetic fields on the crust-core transition and inner crust of neutron stars
• Dense Matter in Neutron Stars with eXTP
• Efficacy of crustal superfluid neutrons in pulsar glitch models
• Strength of the Vortex-Pinning Interaction from Real-Time Dynamics
• Bayesian inference of neutron-star observables based on effective nuclear interactions
• Axially symmetric equations for differential pulsar rotation with superfluid entrainment
• Exact versus Taylor-expanded energy density in the study of the neutron star crust-core transition
• Core and crust contributions in overshooting glitches: the Vela pulsar 2016 glitch
• Results of 12 Years of Pulsar Timing at Nanshan -- I
• The Largest Crab Glitch and the Vortex Creep Model
• Effects of general relativity on glitch amplitudes and pulsar mass upper bounds
• The role of mass, equation of state and superfluid reservoir in large pulsar glitches
• Insights into the physics of neutron star interiors from pulsar glitches
• Vortex Pinning in Neutron Stars, Slip-stick Dynamics, and the Origin of Spin Glitches
• Dynamical properties of nuclear and stellar matter and the symmetry energy
• A Comparison of Measured Crab and Vela Glitch Healing Parameters with Predictions of Neutron Star Models
• GW170817 constraints analyzed with Gogny forces and momentum-dependent interactions
• Crust-core transition of a neutron star: effects of the symmetry energy and temperature under strong magnetic fields
• Is the magnetic field making the inner crust of neutron stars more heterogeneous?
• Self-consistent band calculation of slab phase in neutron-star crust
• Crustal properties of a neutron star within an effective relativistic mean-field model
• Nuclear pasta structures and symmetry energy
• Parameter estimation of a two-component neutron star model with spin wandering
• Timing six energetic rotation-powered X-ray pulsars, including the fast-spinning young PSR J0058-7218 and Big Glitcher PSR J0537-6910
• Glitch Behavior of Pulsars and Contribution from Neutron Star Crust
• Rapid parameter estimation of a two-component neutron star model with spin wandering using a Kalman filter
• Pulse profiles and timing of PSR J1757$-$2421
• Dynamical instabilities of warm $np{e}^{-}$ matter: the $\delta$ meson effects
• Slowly rotating proto strange stars in Quark mass density- and temperature- dependent model
• Hydrodynamic simulations of pulsar glitch recovery
• Bayesian estimate of the superfluid moments of inertia from the 2016 glitch in the Vela pulsar
• Spinodal instabilities and the distillation effect in nuclear matter under strong magnetic fields
• Systematic analysis of inner crust composition using the extended Thomas-Fermi approximation with pairing correlations
• Pulsar glitches in a strangeon star model. II. The activity
• Universal relations for rotating Boson Stars
• Pasta phases within the QMC model
• Effects of the equation of state on the core-crust interface of slowly rotating neutron stars
• Old neutron stars as probes of isospin-violating dark matter
• Effect of the $\delta$-meson on the instabilities of nuclear matter under strong magnetic fields
• Stability of the $\beta$-equilibrated dense matter and core-crust transition in neutron stars
• Quantifying the uncertainties on spinodal instability in stellar matter through meta-modeling
• Multilayer neutron stars with scalar mesons crossing term
• Role of nonlinear vector meson interactions in hyperon stars
• On the moment of inertia of PSR J0348+0432
• Novel Scalings of Neutron Star Properties from Analyzing Dimensionless Tolman--Oppenheimer--Volkoff Equations
• Long-term statistics of pulsar glitches triggered by a Brownian stress accumulation process
• Effects of the U-boson on the inner edge of neutron star crusts
• The Properties of Matter in White Dwarfs and Neutron Stars
• Constraining mechanism associated with fast radio burst and glitch from SGR J1935
• Estimating magnetar radii with an empirical meta-model
• Revisiting neutron starquakes caused by spin-down
• Core-crust transition and crustal fraction of moment of inertia in neutron stars
• Bayesian inference of neutron-skin thickness and neutron-star observables based on effective nuclear interactions
• Revisiting the post-glitch relaxation of the 2000 Vela glitch with the neutron star equation of states in the Brueckner and relativistic Brueckner theories
• Experimental study of the ${}^{40,48}$Ca+ ${}^{40,48}$Ca reactions at 35 MeV/nucleon
• Transition density and pressure in hot neutron stars
• Pulsar glitch activity as a state-dependent Poisson process: parameter estimation and epoch prediction
• Measuring glitch recoveries and braking indices with Bayesian model selection
• Statistical estimates of the pulsar glitch activity
• Glitches due to (quasi) neutron-vortex scattering in the superfluid inner crust of a pulsar
• Rapidly rotating axisymmetric neutron stars with quark cores
• Starquake-Induced Glitches in Pulsars
• Crust-core interface and bulk neutron star properties
• Strong magnetic fields and pasta phases revisited
• Pasta phases in neutron stars under strong magnetic fields
• Ensembles of unified crust and core equations of state in a nuclear-multimessenger astrophysics environment
• Moments of inertia of neutron stars in relativistic mean field theory: the role of the isovector scalar channel
• Detecting Entrainment in Fermi-Bose Mixtures
• High priority targets for transient gravitational waves from glitching pulsars
• Neutron star deformability with hyperonization in density-dependent relativistic mean-field models
• Long-term statistics of pulsar glitches due to history-dependent avalanches
• Exploring pulsar glitches with dipolar supersolids
• Bayesian inference of neutron star crust properties using an ab initio-benchmarked meta-model
• Cooling of Isolated Neutron Stars with Pion Condensation: Possible Fast Cooling in a Low-Symmetry-Energy Model
• Neutron star crustal properties from relativistic mean-field models and bulk parameters effects
• Inner crust of neutron stars with mass-fitted Skyrme interaction
• Pinning down the superfluid and nuclear equation of state and measuring neutron star mass using pulsar glitches
• Applicability of Relativistic Point-Coupling Models to Neutron Star Physics
• Study of the 2024 major Vela glitch at the Argentine Institute of Radioastronomy
• Properties of glitching pulsars in the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock framework
• Pulsar as a Weber detector of gravitational waves and a probe to its internal phase transitions
• Properties of the Object HESS J1731-347 as a Twin Compact Star
• Glitches in four gamma-ray pulsars and inferences on the neutron star structure
• Imprints of high-density nuclear symmetry energy on the crustal fraction of neutron star moment of inertia
• On the pulsar spin frequency derivatives and the glitch activity
• Constraining properties of neutron stars with heavy-ion reactions in terrestrial laboratories
• New model of relativistic slowly rotating neutron stars with surface layer \textit{crust}: application to giant \textit{glitches} of Vela Pulsar
• The persistent shift in spin-down rate following the largest Crab pulsar glitch rules out external torque variations due to starquakes
• High-density Skyrmion matter and Neutron Stars
• Is The Trace Anomaly at its Minimum Value at Neutron Star Centers?
• Transition Density and Pressure at the Inner Edge of Neutron Star Crusts
• Glitches and glitching clusters in rotation-powered pulsars
• How "free" are free neutrons in neutron-star crusts and what does it imply for pulsar glitches ?
• The Jodrell Bank Glitch Catalogue: 106 new rotational glitches in 70 pulsars
• Fine structure of giant resonances: What can be learned
• Pulsar glitch and nuclear EoS: Applicability of superfluid model
• Nuclear constraints on the inner edge of neutron star crusts
• Rotating NSs/QSs and recent astrophysical observations
• Symmetry energy effects in the neutron star properties
• Towards a novel energy density functional for beyond-mean-field calculations with pairing and deformation
• Fermi Operator Expansion for the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov Theory
• Unified Equation of State for Neutron Stars Based on the Gogny Interaction