Thermal twin stars within a hybrid equation of state based on a nonlocal chiral quark model compatible with modern astrophysical observations

Abstract

We investigate the extension to finite temperatures and neutrino chemical potentials of a recently developed nonlocal chiral quark model approach to the equation of state of neutron star matter. We consider two light quark flavors and current-current interactions in the scalar-pseudoscalar, vector, and diquark pairing channels, where the nonlocality of the currents is taken into account by a Gaussian form factor that depends on the spatial components of the 4-momentum. Within this framework, we analyze order parameters, critical temperatures, phase diagrams, equations of state, and mass-radius relations for different temperatures and neutrino chemical potentials. For parameters of the model that are constrained by recent multi-messenger observations of neutron stars, we find that the mass-radius diagram for isothermal hybrid star sequences exhibits the thermal twin phenomenon for temperatures above 30 MeV.

15 pages, 14 figures. Version accepted for publication in Physical Review D

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• Comprehensive Analysis of Constructing Hybrid Stars with an RG-consistent NJL Model
• Bayesian analysis of hybrid neutron star EOS constraints within an instantaneous nonlocal chiral quark matter model
• Asymptotically conformal CFL quark matter within a nonlocal chiral quark model
• Formation of twin compact stars in low-mass X-ray binaries: Implications on eccentric and isolated millisecond pulsar populations
• Bayesian Quantification of Observability and Equation of State of Twin Stars
• Hybrid isentropic twin stars
• Determining the minimal mass of a proto-neutron star with chirally constrained nuclear equations of state
• Properties of the Object HESS J1731-347 as a Twin Compact Star
• How Neutron Star Observations Point Towards Exotic Matter: Existing Explanations and a Prospective Proposal
• Quantifying the Information Gain from Future High-Precision Radius Measurements for Identifying Twin Neutron Stars
• Isentropic hybrid stars in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model: effects of neutrino trapping