Bayesian Analysis of the Neutron Star Equation of State and Model Comparison: Insights from PSR J0437+4715, PSR J0614+3329, and Other Multi-Physics Data

Abstract

We perform a comprehensive Bayesian analysis to constrain the neutron star (NS) equation of state (EoS) using a wide range of terrestrial and astrophysical data. The terrestrial inputs include quantities related to symmetric nuclear matter (SNM) and symmetry energy up to two times saturation density (${\rho }_0\sim$0.16 fm${}^{-3}$), derived from finite nuclei and heavy-ion collisions (HICs). The astrophysical constraints incorporate NS radii and tidal deformabilities from recent NICER observations and GW170817, respectively. We consider five different EoS models: Taylor, $n/3$, Skyrme, RMF, and sound speed(CS), are analyzed by sequentially updating the priors with (i) $\chi$EFT based pure neutron matter, (ii) terrestrial, empirical and earlier astrophysical data, (iii) case (ii) including NICER radii of PSR J0437+4715 and J0614+3329, (iv) all data combined, and (v) excluding empirical nuclear inputs. We also perform Bayesian model comparison which favors the Skyrme model under all combined data (scenario (iv)), yielding tight constraints on symmetry energy parameters: $L_0=56\pm 3$~MeV, $K_{\mathrm{sym}0}=-132\pm 15$~MeV and also on SNM parameters: $K_0=265\pm 12$~MeV, $Q_0=-366\pm 43$~MeV. The mass-radius and mass-tidal deformability posterior distributions are also well constrained. The radius and tidal deformability of a $1.4M_{\odot }$ neutron star are found to be $R_{1.4}=11.85\pm 0.11$~km and ${\Lambda }_{1.4}=354\pm 25$, respectively.

17 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables (Published in PRD)

References in corpus (49)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Advanced Virgo: a 2nd generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
• Gravitational Waves and Gamma-rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A
• Advanced LIGO
• PSR J0030+0451 Mass and Radius from NICER Data and Implications for the Properties of Neutron Star Matter
• A NICER View of PSR J0030+0451: Millisecond Pulsar Parameter Estimation
• GW190425: Observation of a Compact Binary Coalescence with Total Mass $\sim 3.4M_{\odot }$
• A NICER View of the Massive Pulsar PSR J0740+6620 Informed by Radio Timing and XMM-Newton Spectroscopy
• Neutron-Rich Nuclei in Heaven and Earth
• Accurate Determination of the Neutron Skin Thickness of ${}^{208}$Pb through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering
• Open data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo
• Implications of PREX-II on the equation of state of neutron-rich matter
• Relativistic Mean-Field Hadronic Models under Nuclear Matter Constraints
• Bayesian inference for compact binary coalescences with BILBY: Validation and application to the first LIGO--Virgo gravitational-wave transient catalogue
• Neutron matter at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order in chiral effective field theory
• Nonparametric constraints on neutron star matter with existing and upcoming gravitational wave and pulsar observations
• Constraining Neutron-Star Matter with Microscopic and Macroscopic Collisions
• How well do we know the neutron-matter equation of state at the densities inside neutron stars? A Bayesian approach with correlated uncertainties
• Precision Determination of the Neutral Weak Form Factor of ${}^{48}$Ca
• A NICER View of the Nearest and Brightest Millisecond Pulsar: PSR J0437$\unicode{x2013}$4715
• Neutron star tidal deformability and equation of state constraints
• Results of the ASY-EOS experiment at GSI: The symmetry energy at suprasaturation density
• Constraining the dense matter equation of state with joint analysis of NICER and LIGO/Virgo measurements
• Higher-order effects on the incompressibility of isospin asymmetric nuclear matter
• Progress in Constraining Nuclear Symmetry Energy Using Neutron Star Observables Since GW170817
• Dense Nuclear Matter Equation of State from Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Chiral Effective Field Theory and the High-Density Nuclear Equation of State
• Strong correlations of neutron star radii with the slopes of nuclear matter incompressibility and symmetry energy at saturation
• Determination of the Equation of State from Nuclear Experiments and Neutron Star Observations
• Towards mitigation of apparent tension between nuclear physics and astrophysical observations by improved modeling of neutron star matter
• Impact of the neutron star crust on the tidal polarizability
• Uncertainties in the pasta-phase properties of catalysed neutron stars
• Constraints on the symmetry energy from observational probes of the neutron star crust
• Towards rapid transient identification and characterization of kilonovae
• Impact of the neutron-star deformability on equation of state parameters
• Low-energy nuclear physics and global neutron star properties
• Bayesian reconstruction of nuclear matter parameters from the equation of state of neutron star matter
• Constraints on high density equation of state from maximum neutron star mass
• Nearly model-independent constraints on dense matter equation of state in a Bayesian approach
• Systematic analysis of the impacts of symmetry energy parameters on neutron star properties
• Implications of comprehensive nuclear and astrophysics data on the equations of state of neutron star matter
• Astrophysics and Nuclear Physics Informed Interactions in Dense Matter: Inclusion of PSR J0437-4715
• Effect of the $\sigma$-cut potential on the properties of neutron stars with or without a hyperonic core
• Establishing connection between neutron star properties and nuclear matter parameters through a comprehensive multivariate analysis
• Direct mapping of tidal deformability to the iso-scalar and iso-vector nuclear matter parameters
• Analyzing the dense matter equation of states in the light of the compact object HESS J1731-347
• Phase transition and nuclear symmetry energy from neutron star observations: Constraints in light of PSR J0614--3329
• Mass and tidal parameter extraction from gravitational waves of binary neutron stars mergers using deep learning
• Inferring the neutron star equation of state with nuclear-physics informed semiparametric models

Cited by in corpus (3)

• Are NICER and GW170817 constraints suggesting a compactified scenario for Neutron stars?
• An Undergraduate Approach to the Quantum Hadrodynamics and the Physics of Neutron Stars Part II: Neutron Stars' Exotic Content
• Bayesian Inference of Neutron Star Properties in $f(Q)$ Gravity Using NICER Observations