Towards mitigation of apparent tension between nuclear physics and astrophysical observations by improved modeling of neutron star matter

Abstract

Observations of neutron stars (NSs) by the LIGO-Virgo and NICER collaborations have provided reasonably precise measurements of their various macroscopic properties. In this paper, we employ a Bayesian framework to combine them and place improved joint constraints on the properties of NS equation of state (EoS). We use a hybrid EoS formulation that employs a parabolic expansion-based nuclear empirical parameterization around the nuclear saturation density augmented by a generic 3-segment piecewise polytrope model at higher densities. Within the $90\%$ credible level this parameterization predicts $R_{1.4}=12.57_{-0.92}^{+0.73}$ km and ${\Lambda }_{1.4}=550_{-225}^{+223}$ for the radius and dimensionless tidal deformability, respectively, of a $1.4M_{\odot }$ NS. Finally, we show how the construction of the full NS EoS based solely on the nuclear empirical parameters at saturation density leads to certain tension with the astrophysical data, and how the hybrid approach provides a resolution to it.

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• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
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• Impact of PREX-II and combined Radio/NICER/XMM-Newton's mass-radius measurement of PSRJ0740+6620 on the dense matter equation of state
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• $2.6M_{\odot }$ Compact Object and Neutron Stars within Eddington-Inspired Born-Infeld Theory of Gravity
• Feasibility of dark matter admixed neutron star based on recent observational constraints
• Constraints on the dense matter equation of state and neutron star properties from NICER's mass-radius estimate of PSR J0740+6620 and multimessenger observations
• Establishing connection between neutron star properties and nuclear matter parameters through a comprehensive multivariate analysis
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• Direct mapping of tidal deformability to the iso-scalar and iso-vector nuclear matter parameters
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• Nonparametric extensions of nuclear equations of state: probing the breakdown scale of relativistic mean-field theory
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• Bayesian Analysis of the Neutron Star Equation of State and Model Comparison: Insights from PSR J0437+4715, PSR J0614+3329, and Other Multi-Physics Data
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