Thermodynamics of Hot Neutron Stars and Universal Relations

Abstract

Over the last few years, the detection of gravitational waves from binary neutron star systems has rekindled our hopes for a deeper understanding of the unknown nature of ultradense matter. In particular, gravitational wave constraints on the tidal deformability of a neutron star can be translated into constraints on several neutron star properties using a set of universal relations. Apart from binary neutron star mergers, supernova explosions are also important candidates for the detection of multimessenger signals. Such observations may allow us to impose significant constraints on the binding energy of neutron stars. The purpose of the present study is twofold. Firstly, we investigate the agreement of finite temperature equations of state with established universal relations. Secondly, we examine the possible existence of a universal relation between the binding energy and the dimensionless tidal deformability, which are the bulk properties connected to the most promising sources for multimessenger signals. We find that hot equations of state are not always compatible with accepted universal relations. Therefore, the use of such expressions for probing general relativity or imposing constraints on the structure of neutron stars would be inconclusive (when thermal effects are present). Additionally, we show that the binding energy and the dimensionless tidal deformability exhibit a universal trend at least for moderate neutron star masses. The latter allows us to set bounds on the binding energy of a 1.4 $M_{\odot }$ neutron star using data from the GW170817 event. Finally, we provide a relation between the compactness, the binding energy and the dimensionless tidal deformability of a neutron star that is accurate for cold and hot isentropic equations of state.

v1: 19 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables; v2: updated to match the published version; accepted for publication in Universe

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Cited by in corpus (8)

• Investigating the role of nuclear parameters on oscillation modes in hot Neutron Stars
• Tolman-Ehrenfest's criterion of thermal equilibrium extended to conformally static spacetimes
• Insights Into Neutron Stars From Gravitational Redshifts and Universal Relations
• $f$-mode oscillations in hot Neutron Stars: Effect of hyperons and neutrino trapping
• How the Schwarzschild-de Sitter horizons remain in thermal equilibrium at vastly different temperatures
• $f$ and $p$ mode oscillation of proto-neutron stars with systematic variation of the nucleon effective mass
• Universal relation between dipole polarizability of finite nuclei and neutron-star compactness
• Binding energy of compact stars and their non-radial oscillations