Verification of universal relations in a strongly interacting Fermi gas

Abstract

Many-body fermion systems are important in many branches of physics, including condensed matter, nuclear, and now cold atom physics. In many cases, the interactions between fermions can be approximated by a contact interaction. A recent theoretical advance in the study of these systems is the derivation of a number of exact universal relations that are predicted to be valid for all interaction strengths, temperatures, and spin compositions. These equations, referred to as the Tan relations, relate a microscopic quantity, namely, the amplitude of the high-momentum tail of the fermion momentum distribution, to the thermodynamics of the many-body system. In this work, we provide experimental verification of the Tan relations in a strongly interacting gas of fermionic atoms. Specifically, we measure the fermion momentum distribution using two different techniques, as well as the rf excitation spectrum and determine the effect of interactions on these microscopic probes. We then measure the potential energy and release energy of the trapped gas and test the predicted universal relations.

11 pages, 4 figures

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• Momentum distribution of a trapped Fermi gas with large scattering length
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• Radio Frequency Spectroscopy of Trapped Fermi Gases with Population Imbalance

Cited by in corpus (195)

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• BCS-BEC Crossover and the Unitary Fermi Gas
• The BCS-BEC crossover: From ultra-cold Fermi gases to nuclear systems
• BCS-BEC Crossover and Topological Phase Transition in 3D Spin-Orbit Coupled Degenerate Fermi Gases
• Contact Measurements on Atomic BEC
• Time dependent impurity in ultracold fermions: orthogonality catastrophe and beyond
• Universal behavior of pair correlations in a strongly interacting Fermi gas
• Nucleon Effective Masses in Neutron-Rich Matter
• General relations for quantum gases in two and three dimensions. Two-component fermions
• Boiling a Unitary Fermi Liquid
• Measurement of the Homogeneous Contact of a Unitary Fermi gas
• Universal Relations for Identical Bosons from 3-Body Physics
• Probing three-body correlations in a quantum gas using the measurement of the third moment of density fluctuations
• Comparing and contrasting nuclei and cold atomic gases
• Precise determination of the structure factor and contact in a unitary Fermi gas
• Transverse Demagnetization Dynamics of a Unitary Fermi Gas
• Virial expansion for a strongly correlated Fermi system and its application to ultracold atomic Fermi gases
• Generalized Hydrodynamics in the 1D Bose gas: theory and experiments
• Breakdown of Fermi liquid description for strongly interacting fermions
• Evidence for universal relations describing a gas with $p$-wave interactions
• Spectral response and contact of the unitary Fermi gas
• The nuclear contacts and short range correlations in nuclei
• Few-body Bose gases in low dimensions -- a laboratory for quantum dynamics
• Generalized nuclear contacts and the nucleon's momentum distributions
• Temperature dependence of the contact in a unitary Fermi gas
• BEC-BCS crossover and universal relations in unitary Fermi gases
• Universality of an impurity in a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Momentum Distribution and Contact of the Unitary Fermi gas
• Universal Properties of a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas at a $p$-wave Resonance
• Universal relations for the two-dimensional spin-1/2 Fermi gas with contact interactions
• Universal contact for a Tonks-Girardeau gas at finite temperature
• Two-body and Three-body Contacts for Identical Bosons near Unitarity
• Momentum-resolved observation of thermal and quantum depletion in an interacting Bose gas
• Symmetry energy of cold nucleonic matter within a relativistic mean field model encapsulating effects of high momentum nucleons induced by short-range correlations
• Universal properties of Fermi gases in arbitrary dimensions
• Universal high-momentum asymptote and thermodynamic relations in a spinless Fermi gas with a resonant $p$-wave interaction
• Universal contact of strongly interacting fermions at finite temperatures
• Contact and sum-rules in a near-uniform Fermi gas at unitarity
• Concept of contact spectrum and its applications in atomic quantum Hall states
• Correlated Fermion Pairs in Nuclei and Ultracold Atomic Gases
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• Pseudogaps in strongly interacting Fermi gases
• Current response, structure factor and hydrodynamic quantities of a two- and three-dimensional Fermi gas from the operator-product expansion
• Breakdown of Tan's relation in lossy one-dimensional Bose gases
• Universal One-dimensional Atomic Gases Near Odd-wave Resonance
• Experimental evaluation of the nuclear neutron-proton contact
• A two-dimensional Fermi liquid with attractive interactions
• Stability Condition of a Strongly Interacting Boson-Fermion Mixture across an Inter-Species Feshbach Resonance
• Tan's Contact for Trapped Lieb-Liniger Bosons at Finite Temperature
• Clock shift in a strongly interacting two-dimensional Fermi gas
• Single-Particle Momentum Distribution of an Efimov trimer
• Hydrodynamics of cold atomic gases in the limit of weak nonlinearity, dispersion and dissipation
• Measures of complexity and entanglement in fermionic many-body systems
• Bound-state signatures in quenched Bose-Einstein condensates
• Contact and Momentum Distribution of the Unitary Fermi Gas
• Physics of ultracold Fermi gases revealed by spectroscopies
• Evolution of the Pseudogap in a polarized Fermi gas
• Entanglement entropy, single-particle occupation probabilities, and short-range correlations
• Connecting few-body inelastic decay to many-body correlations: a weakly coupled impurity in a resonant Fermi gas
• Dynamics of three-body correlations in quenched unitary Bose gases
• Energy and contact of the one-dimensional Fermi polaron at zero and finite temperature
• Pseudogap temperature and effects of a harmonic trap in the BCS-BEC crossover regime of an ultracold Fermi gas
• The isospin quartic term in the kinetic energy of neutron-rich nucleonic matter
• The Unitary Gas and its Symmetry Properties
• Large-momentum distribution of a polarized Fermi gas and p-wave contacts
• The contact in the unitary Fermi gas across the superfluid phase transition
• High-momentum distribution with subleading $k^{-3}$ tail in the odd-wave interacting one-dimensional Fermi gases
• Evidence for Bosonization in a three-dimensional gas of SU($N$) fermions
• Efimov correlations in strongly interacting Bose gases
• Universal Tan relations for quantum gases in one dimension
• Probing strongly interacting atomic gases with energetic atoms
• Post-quench dynamics and pre-thermalization in a resonant Bose gas
• Critical behaviours of contact near phase transitions
• Comparative study of one-dimensional Bose and Fermi gases with contact interactions from the viewpoint of universal relations for correlation functions
• Incorporating exact two-body propagators for zero-range interactions into $N$-body Monte Carlo simulations
• Direct observation of the Fermi surface in an ultracold atomic gas
• High Sensitivity RF Spectroscopy of a Strongly-Interacting Fermi Gas
• From resonantly interacting fermions with effective range to neutron matter
• Absence of heating in a uniform Fermi gas created by periodic driving
• Contact matrix in dilute quantum systems
• Thermodynamics, contact and density profiles of the repulsive Gaudin-Yang model
• Single-Particle Momentum Distributions of Efimov States in Mixed-Species Systems
• Exact equivalence between one-dimensional Bose gases interacting via hard-sphere and zero-range potentials
• Stability of a fermionic $N+1$ particle system with point interactions
• Few-body correlations in two-dimensional Bose and Fermi ultracold mixtures
• P-Wave Contact Tensor -- Universal Properties of Axisymmetry-Broken P-Wave Fermi Gases
• Ballistic quench-induced correlation waves in ultracold gases
• The Generalized Nuclear Contact and its Application to the Photoabsorption Cross-Section
• Expansion of harmonically trapped interacting particles and time dependence of the contact
• Nucleon momentum distributions in asymmetric nuclear matter
• Thermodynamic signatures for topological phase transitions to Majorana and Weyl superfluids in ultracold Fermi gases
• Tan's two-body contact across the superfluid transition of a planar Bose gas
• Beyond-Luttinger-Liquid thermodynamics of a one-dimensional contact repulsive Bose gas
• Numerical study of the unitary Fermi gas across the superfluid transition
• Effective theory and universal relations for Fermi gases near a $d$-wave interaction resonance
• Tan contact and universal high momentum behavior of the fermion propagator in the BCS-BEC crossover
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• A supercircle description of universal three-body states in two dimensions
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• Pure Goldstone mode in the quench dynamics of a confined ultracold Fermi gas in the BCS-BEC crossover regime
• Sigature of the universal super Efimov Effect: three-body contact in two dimensional Fermi gases
• Entanglement between two spatially separated ultracold interacting Fermi gases
• Quench dynamics of a confined ultracold Fermi gas: Direct visibility of the Goldstone mode in the single-particle excitations
• Cavity-assisted preparation and detection of a unitary Fermi gas
• Harmonically trapped Fermi gas: Temperature dependence of the Tan contact
• Proton-skins in momentum space and neutron-skins in coordinate space in heavy nuclei
• Universal Relation for the Inelastic Two-Body Loss Rate
• Contact interaction in an unitary ultracold Fermi gas
• Auxiliary field formalism for dilute fermionic atom gases with tunable interactions
• One-dimensional Fermi polaron in a combined harmonic and periodic potential
• Critical phenomena in one dimension from a Bethe ansatz perspective
• Excitation picture of an interacting Bose gas
• Momentum-resolved spectroscopy of a Fermi liquid
• Fermionic correlation functions from randomized measurements in programmable atomic quantum devices
• Analytic thermodynamic properties of the Lieb-Liniger gas
• Fermion superfluid with hybridized $s$- and $p$-wave pairings
• Tan's distributions and Fermi-Huang pseudopotential in momentum space
• Stationary and dynamical properties of two harmonically trapped bosons in the crossover from two dimensions to one
• Composite-boson approach to molecular Bose-Einstein condensates in mixtures of ultracold Fermi gases
• Dimensional Effects on the Momentum distribution of Bosonic Trimer States
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• Universal Short Range Correlations in Bosonic Helium Clusters
• Scaling properties of the Tan's contact: embedding pairs and correlation effect in the Tonks limit
• $s$-wave Contacts of Quantum Gases in Quasi-one and Quasi-two Dimensions
• Degeneracies in trapped two-component Fermi gases
• Isospin dependence of nucleon effective masses in neutron-rich matter
• Short range correlations - The important role of few-body dynamics in many-body systems
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• Cold Fermi-gas with long range interaction in a harmonic trap
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• Nucleon Effective E-Mass in Neutron-Rich Matter from the Migdal-Luttinger Jump
• High-momentum tail and universal relations of a Fermi gas near a Raman-dressed Feshbach resonance
• Contact formalism for coupled channels
• Tan's contact as an indicator of completeness and self-consistency of a theory
• Equation of State of Neutron-Rich Matter in $d$-Dimensions
• Strong-Coupling and Finite Temperature Effects on $p$-wave Contacts
• Energy absorption spectroscopy of unitary Fermi gases in a uniform potential
• Quench-induced delocalization
• One-particle density matrix and momentum distribution of the out-of-equilibrium 1D Tonks-Girardeau gas: Analytical results at large $N$
• Mobile impurity in a one-dimensional gas at finite temperatures
• P-wave contacts of quantum gases in quasi-one-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional traps
• Universal relations for spin-orbit coupled Fermi gas near an s-wave resonance
• Non-Universal and Universal Aspects of The Large Scattering Length Limit
• In Situ Momentum Distribution Measurement of a Quantum Degenerate Fermi Gas using Raman Spectroscopy
• Universal Relations of Ultracold Fermi Gases with Arbitrary Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Universal relations for a spin-polarized Fermi gas in two dimensions
• Universal relations for hybridized $s$- and $p$-wave interactions from spin-orbital coupling
• Universal relations for spin-orbit-coupled Fermi gases in two and three dimensions
• Thermal fading of the $1/k^4$-tail of the momentum distribution induced by the hole anomaly
• Universal contact and collective excitations of a strongly interacting Fermi gas
• On the survival of the quantum depletion of a condensate after release from a magnetic trap
• Universal relations and normal-state properties of a Fermi gas with laser-dressed mixed-partial-wave interactions
• Isothermal sweep theorems for ultra-cold quantum gases in a canonical ensemble
• Critical behavior of Tan's contact for bosonic systems with a fixed chemical potential
• One-dimensional hard-core anyon gas in a harmonic trap at finite temperature
• Quantum Monte Carlo study of strongly interacting Fermi gases
• First Principles Prediction of the Landau Parameter for Fermi Liquids near the Unitarity Limit
• A Universal Energy Functional for Trapped Fermi Gases with Large Scattering Length
• A local-density-approximation description of high-momentum tails in isospin asymmetric nuclei
• Dynamical excitation processes and correlations of three-body two-dimensional mixtures
• Observation of state-to-state hyperfine-changing collision in a Bose-Fermi mixture of ${}^6$Li and ${}^{41}$K atoms
• Optomechanical Response of a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas
• Measuring spin correlations in optical lattices using superlattice potentials
• Photo-excitation measurement of Tan's contact for a strongly interacting Fermi gas
• Polaritons for testing the universality of an impurity in a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Large-momentun tail of one-dimensional Fermi gases with spin-orbit coupling
• Spin correlations and entanglement in partially magnetised ensembles of fermions
• Resonant scattering effect in spectroscopies of interacting atomic gases
• Contact parameters in two dimensions for general three-body systems
• Three-body contact for fermions. I. General relations
• Nucleon Short-Range Correlations and High-Momentum Dynamics: Implications on the Equation of State of Dense Matter
• Exploring the Tan contact term in Yang-Mills theory
• Temperature dependence of $p$-wave contacts in a harmonically trapped Fermi gas
• Tan's adiabatic sweep theorem from the variational theorem for the scattering length
• Nuclear three-body short-range correlations in coordinate space
• Tan's universal contact and collective oscillations of strongly interacting Fermi gases
• Single particle momentum distributions for three-bosons in two and three dimensions and dimensional crossover
• Exact Thermodynamics For Weakly Interacting Normal-Phase Quantum Gases: Equations of State For All Partial Waves
• How to measure the free energy and partition function from atom-atom correlations
• Measurement of $p$-wave contacts in an ultracold Fermi gas of ${}^6$Li atoms
• Radio frequency spectrum of fermions near a narrow Feshbach resonance
• Universal Relations for Fermions with Large Scattering Length
• Universal scattering phase shift in the presence of spin-orbit coupling
• An Effective Series Expansion to the Equation of State of Unitary Fermi Gases
• One-body correlations and momentum distributions of trapped one-dimensional Bose gases at finite temperature
• Inducing spin-dependent tunneling to probe magnetic correlations in optical lattices
• Dimer-projection contact and the clock shift of a unitary Fermi gas
• Universal Relations in Long-range Quantum Spin Chains
• Heuristic machinery for thermodynamic studies of SU(N) fermions with neural networks
• Two- and three- dimensional few-body systems in the universal regime
• Two-band atomic superfluidity in the presence of an orbital Feshbach resonance