Probing three-body correlations in a quantum gas using the measurement of the third moment of density fluctuations
arXiv:1007.3713 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.230402
Abstract
We perform measurements of the third moment of atom number fluctuations in small slices of a very elongated weakly interacting degenerate Bose gas. We find a positive skewness of the atom number distribution in the ideal gas regime and a reduced skewness compatible with zero in the quasi-condensate regime. For our parameters, the third moment is a thermodynamic quantity whose measurement constitutes a sensitive test of the equation of state and our results are in agreement with a modified Yang-Yang thermodynamic prediction. Moreover, we show that the measured skewness reveals the presence of true three body correlations in the system.
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