Exploring the Thermodynamics of a Universal Fermi Gas
arXiv:0911.0747 · doi:10.1038/nature08814
Abstract
From sand piles to electrons in metals, one of the greatest challenges in modern physics is to understand the behavior of an ensemble of strongly interacting particles. A class of quantum many-body systems such as neutron matter and cold Fermi gases share the same universal thermodynamic properties when interactions reach the maximum effective value allowed by quantum mechanics, the so-called unitary limit [1,2]. It is then possible to simulate some astrophysical phenomena inside the highly controlled environment of an atomic physics laboratory. Previous work on the thermodynamics of a two-component Fermi gas led to thermodynamic quantities averaged over the trap [3-5], making it difficult to compare with many-body theories developed for uniform gases. Here we develop a general method that provides for the first time the equation of state of a uniform gas, as well as a detailed comparison with existing theories [6,14]. The precision of our equation of state leads to new physical insights on the unitary gas. For the unpolarized gas, we prove that the low-temperature thermodynamics of the strongly interacting normal phase is well described by Fermi liquid theory and we localize the superfluid transition. For a spin-polarized system, our equation of state at zero temperature has a 2% accuracy and it extends the work of [15] on the phase diagram to a new regime of precision. We show in particular that, despite strong correlations, the normal phase behaves as a mixture of two ideal gases: a Fermi gas of bare majority atoms and a non-interacting gas of dressed quasi-particles, the fermionic polarons [10,16-18].
8 pages, 5 figures
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- Superfluid Quenching of the Moment of Inertia in a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas
Cited by in corpus (396)
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- Atomic Quantum Simulation of Dynamical Gauge Fields coupled to Fermionic Matter: From String Breaking to Evolution after a Quench
- Universal Quantum Viscosity in a Unitary Fermi Gas
- A critical examination of constraints on the equation of state of dense matter obtained from GW170817
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- Ultracold atoms out of equilibrium
- Universal Spin Transport in a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas
- Fermion Interactions and Universal Behavior in Strongly Interacting Theories
- BCS-BEC Crossover and the Unitary Fermi Gas
- The BCS-BEC crossover: From ultra-cold Fermi gases to nuclear systems
- Homogeneous Atomic Fermi Gases
- Universal few-body physics and cluster formation
- Precise characterization of ^6Li Feshbach resonances using trap-sideband resolved RF spectroscopy of weakly bound molecules
- Prethermalization and universal dynamics in near-integrable quantum systems
- Strongly Correlated Quantum Fluids: Ultracold Quantum Gases, Quantum Chromodynamic Plasmas, and Holographic Duality
- Feynman diagrams versus Fermi-gas Feynman emulator
- Ultra-cold Polarized Fermi Gases
- Universal behavior of pair correlations in a strongly interacting Fermi gas
- Few-body physics with ultracold atomic and molecular systems in traps
- General relations for quantum gases in two and three dimensions. Two-component fermions
- Viscosity and scale invariance in the unitary Fermi gas
- Direct probing of the Mott crossover in the SU() Fermi-Hubbard model
- Cooling in strongly correlated optical lattices: prospects and challenges
- Exploring the thermodynamics of a two-dimensional Bose gas
- Itinerant ferromagnetism of a repulsive atomic Fermi gas: a quantum Monte Carlo study
- Two-terminal transport measurements with cold atoms
- Dynamics and Thermodynamics of the Low-Temperature Strongly Interacting Bose Gas
- Boiling a Unitary Fermi Liquid
- The Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state for ultracold fermions in lattice and harmonic potentials: a review
- An Optical-Lattice-Based Quantum Simulator For Relativistic Field Theories and Topological Insulators
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- Probing three-body correlations in a quantum gas using the measurement of the third moment of density fluctuations
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- Quenching to unitarity: Quantum dynamics in a 3D Bose gas
- Observation of the Efimovian Expansion in Scale Invariant Fermi Gases
- Universality of an impurity in a Bose-Einstein condensate
- Pseudo-gap pairing in ultracold Fermi atoms
- Complex Langevin and other approaches to the sign problem in quantum many-body physics
- Thermometry and cooling of a Bose-Einstein condensate to 0.02 times the critical temperature
- Exact few-body results for strongly correlated quantum gases in two dimensions
- Thermodynamics of balanced and slightly spin-imbalanced Fermi gases at unitarity
- Realization of a Resonant Fermi Gas with a Large Effective Range
- Onset of a Pseudogap Regime in Ultracold Fermi Gases
- Ultracold atoms and the Functional Renormalization Group
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- Thermal vs. Entanglement Entropy: A Measurement Protocol for Fermionic Atoms with a Quantum Gas Microscope
- Universal properties of Fermi gases in arbitrary dimensions
- Excitation Spectrum and Superfluid Gap of an Ultracold Fermi Gas
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- When Superconductivity Crosses Over: From BCS to BEC
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- Quantum Joule-Thomson Effect in a Saturated Homogeneous Bose Gas
- Virial expansion with Feynman diagrams
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- Anomalous minimum in the shear viscosity of a Fermi gas
- Resummation of diagrammatic series with zero convergence radius for strongly correlated fermions
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- A Single Atom Thermometer for Ultracold Gases
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- A new field theoretic method for the virial expansion
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- The contact in the unitary Fermi gas across the superfluid phase transition
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- Quantitative comparison between theoretical predictions and experimental results for Bragg spectroscopy of a strongly interacting Fermi superfluid
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- Observation of broad p-wave Feshbach resonances in ultracold Rb-Rb mixtures
- Nonequilibrium States of a Quenched Bose Gas
- Probing strongly interacting atomic gases with energetic atoms
- Virial expansion for a strongly correlated Fermi gas with imbalanced spin populations
- BCS-BEC crossover in three-dimensional Fermi gases with spherical spin-orbit coupling
- First and second sound in cylindrically trapped gases
- Mott transition of fermionic mixtures with mass imbalance in optical lattices
- Metastability in Spin-Polarized Fermi Gases
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- Critical behaviours of contact near phase transitions
- High Frequency Sound in a Unitary Fermi Gas
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- Validating Simple Dynamical Simulations of the Unitary Fermi Gas
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- Direct observation of the Fermi surface in an ultracold atomic gas
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- Specific heat and effects of pairing fluctuations in the BCS-BEC crossover regime of an ultracold Fermi gas
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- Universal dynamic structure factor of a strongly correlated Fermi gas
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- Dynamic response of strongly correlated Fermi gases in the quantum virial expansion
- Virial expansion coefficients in the harmonic approximation
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- Heat and spin transport in a cold atomic Fermi gas
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- Tan contact and universal high momentum behavior of the fermion propagator in the BCS-BEC crossover
- Thermodynamic signatures of the polaron-molecule transition in a Fermi gas
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- The fourth- and fifth-order virial coefficients from weak-coupling to unitarity
- Collective modes and the speed of sound in the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state
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- Appropriate probe condition for absorption imaging of ultracold Li atoms
- Phase diagram of the asymmetric Hubbard model and an entropic chromatographic method for cooling cold fermions in optical lattices
- Pseudogap phenomenon and effects of population imbalance in the normal state of a unitary Fermi gas
- Finite-size and Particle-number Effects in an Ultracold Fermi Gas at Unitarity
- Analytic thermodynamic properties of the Lieb-Liniger gas
- Interaction beween polarons and analogous effects in polarized Fermi gases
- Structure Factors of Neutron Matter at Finite Temperature
- Interacting Preformed Cooper Pairs in Resonant Fermi Gases
- Fermi liquid theory of ultra-cold trapped Fermi gases: Implications for Pseudogap Physics and Other Strongly Correlated Phases
- Unitary -wave Fermi gas in one dimension
- Coexistence of superfluid gap and pseudogap in the BCS-BEC crossover regime of a trapped Fermi gas below
- Dynamics of Feshbach Molecules in an Ultracold Three-Component Mixture
- Beyond--mean--field effective masses in the nuclear Fermi liquid from axial breathing modes
- Thermometry by correlated dephasing of impurities in a 1D Fermi gas
- High Temperature Virial Expansion to Universal Quench Dynamics
- Collective excitation branch in the continuum of pair-condensed Fermi gases : analytical study and scaling laws
- Precursor of Superfluidity in a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas with Negative Effective Range
- Quantum criticality of a Bose gas in an optical lattice near the Mott transition
- Superfluid Condensate Fraction and Pairing Wave Function of the Unitary Fermi Gas
- Lattice approaches to dilute Fermi gases: Legacy of broken Galilean invariance
- All-Optical Production of quantum degeneracy and molecular BEC of Li
- In Situ Thermometry of Fermionic Cold-Atom Quantum Wires
- Dynamical Detection of Topological Phase Transitions in Short-Lived Atomic Systems
- The virial expansion of attractively interacting Fermi gases in 1D, 2D, and 3D, up to fifth order
- Spin Susceptibility Above the Superfluid Onset in Ultracold Fermi Gases
- Fluctuation Effects on the Transport Properties of Unitary Fermi Gases
- Universal Properties of Fermi Gases in One-dimension
- Second order fluid dynamics for the unitary Fermi gas from kinetic theory
- Detecting -phase superfluids with -wave symmetry in a quasi-1D optical lattice
- The universal equation of state of a unitary fermionic gas
- Quantum oscillations in ultracold Fermi gases : realizations with rotating gases or artificial gauge fields
- The interaction-sensitive states of a trapped two-component ideal Fermi gas and application to the virial expansion of the unitary Fermi gas
- Theory of strongly paired fermions with arbitrary short-range interactions
- Interaction energy and itinerant ferromagnetism in a strongly interacting Fermi gas in the absence of molecule formation
- Finite range and upper branch effects on itinerant ferromagnetism in repulsive Fermi gases: Bethe-Goldstone ladder resummation approach
- Phase operators and blurring time of a pair-condensed Fermi gas
- Interplay of valley polarized dark trion and dark exciton-polaron in monolayer WSe2
- Exploring exchange mechanisms with a cold atom gas
- Shear viscosity and Strong-Coupling Corrections in the BCS-BEC crossover Regime of an Ultracold Fermi Gas
- SU(N) Fermi liquid at finite temperature
- Error estimates and specification parameters for functional renormalization
- Normal-Superfluid Phase Separation in Spin-Half Bosons at Finite Temperature
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- Application of lasers to ultracold atoms and molecules
- Landau-Khalatnikov phonon damping in strongly interacting Fermi gases
- Virial expansion of a harmonically trapped Fermi gas across a narrow Feshbach resonance
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- Generalized Crossover in Interacting Fermions within the Low-Energy Expansion
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- Strong-Coupling and Finite Temperature Effects on -wave Contacts
- Thermometry of bosonic mixtures in Optical Lattices via Demixing
- Two-body quench dynamics of harmonically trapped interacting particles
- Momentum-resolved Raman spectroscopy of non-interacting ultracold Fermi gas
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- Detecting Entrainment in Fermi-Bose Mixtures
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- Spin oscillations of the normal polarized Fermi gas at Unitarity
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- Odd-parity effect and scale-dependent viscosity in atomic quantum gases
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- Relation connecting thermodynamics and transport of atomic unitary Fermi superfluids
- Many-body theories of density response for a strongly correlated Fermi gas
- Thermodynamics of two-dimensional bosons in the lowest Landau level
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- Isothermal compressibility and effects of multi-body molecular interactions in a strongly interacting ultracold Fermi gas
- Tuning Dissipation and Excitations in Superfluid Fermi Gases with a Moving Impurity
- Unitary thermodynamics from thermodynamic geometry II: Fit to a local density approximation
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- Pseudogap regime of a two-dimensional uniform Fermi gas
- A Composite Fermion Approach to the Ultracold Dilute Fermi Gas
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- Superfluid density reduction and spin-imbalanced pairing in a fermionic superfluid due to dynamical boson exchange
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- Unitary Fermi superfluid near the critical temperature: thermodynamics and sound modes from elementary excitations
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- Quasiclassical molecular dynamics for the dilute Fermi gas at unitarity
- The Gor'kov and Melik-Barkhudarov correction to an imbalanced Fermi gas in the presence of impurities
- How to measure the free energy and partition function from atom-atom correlations
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- Finite Temperature Behaviors of q-deformed Fermi Gases
- Repulsive Fermi and Bose Polarons in Quantum Gases
- Energetics of three interacting mass-imbalanced bodies in a three-dimensional spherical harmonic trap
- Fourth cluster and virial coefficients of a unitary Fermi gas for an arbitrary mass ratio
- Measuring densities of cold atomic clouds smaller than the resolution limit
- The Quantum State of Classical Matter I: Solids and Measurements
- Second sound in the BEC-BCS crossover
- Superfluid-Normal Quantum Phase Transitions in an Imbalanced Fermi Gas
- The Gor'kov and Melik-Barkhudarov correction to the mean-field critical field transition to Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states
- Thermodynamic Properties of Universal Fermi Gases
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- Tunable high-temperature thermodynamics of weakly-interacting dipolar gases
- The normal state of attractive Fermi gases from coupled-cluster theory
- Bragg spectroscopy and pair-breaking-continuum mode in a superfluid Fermi gas
- Strong Coupling Effects on the Specific Heat of an Ultracold Fermi Gas in the Unitarity Limit
- Linear response of a superfluid Fermi gas inside its pair-breaking continuum
- A phenomenological approach to the equation of state of a unitary Fermi gas
- Superfluid (Amplitude) Fluctuations Above in a Unitary Fermi Gas
- A lattice pairing-field approach to ultracold Fermi gases
- Quench Dynamics of Thermal Bose Gases Across Wide and Narrow Feshbach
- Toward an automated-algebra framework for high orders in the virial expansion of quantum matter
- An Effective Series Expansion to the Equation of State of Unitary Fermi Gases
- Normal-state Properties of a Unitary Bose-Fermi Mixture: A Combined Strong-coupling Approach with Universal Thermodynamics
- Random walk of a massive quasiparticle in the phonon gas of an ultralow temperature superfluid
- Hyperfine spectroscopy and laser cooling of the fermionic isotopes Ti and Ti
- Phase spreading and temporal coherence of a pair-condensed Fermi gas at low temperature
- Two-band atomic superfluidity in the presence of an orbital Feshbach resonance
- Energy Dynamics of a Nonequilibrium Unitary Fermi Gas
- Universal dynamical phase diagram of lattice spin models and strongly correlated ultracold atoms in optical lattices
- Enhanced trapping of colding lithium by using the multiple-sideband cooling in a two-dimensional magneto-optical trap
- Equivalence of dissipative and dissipationless dynamics of interacting quantum systems with its application to the unitary Fermi gas
- Inhomogeneous Pseudogap Phenomenon in the BCS-BEC Crossover Regime of a Trapped Superfluid Fermi Gas
- Universality in rotating strongly interacting gases
- Strong coupling effects on specific heat in the BCS-BEC crossover
- Arbitrary interaction quench phenomena in harmonically trapped two-body systems
- BEC phase diagram of a Rb trapped gas in terms of macroscopic thermodynamic parameters
- Joule expansion of a quantum gas
- Quantum simulation of the Hubbard model with ultracold fermions in optical lattices
- Hole-induced anomaly in the thermodynamic behavior of a one-dimensional Bose gas