Appropriate probe condition for absorption imaging of ultracold ${}^6$Li atoms

Abstract

One of the readily accessible observables in trapped cold-atom experiments is the column density, which is determined from optical depth (OD) obtained from absorption imaging and the absorption cross-section (${\sigma }_{\mathrm{abs}}$). Here we report on simple and accurate determination of OD for dense gases of light atoms such as lithium-6. We investigate theoretically and experimentally an appropriate condition for the probe intensity and duration to achieve good signal-to-noise ratio by considering the influences of photon recoils and photon shot noises. As a result, we have succeeded in measuring OD which reached 2.5 with a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 under spatial resolution of 1.7 $\mu$m.

arXiv comment22 pages, 6 figures

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• Cavity-assisted preparation and detection of a unitary Fermi gas
• Dynamical Critical Behavior of an Attractive Bose-Einstein Condensate Phase Transition
• Atom Number Fluctuations in Bose Gases -- Statistical analysis of parameter estimation
• On the fluctuations of the number of atoms in the condensate
• Single-shot reconstruction of the density profile of a dense atomic gas
• Microscopy of cavity-induced density-wave ordering in ultracold gases