Single-site- and single-atom-resolved measurement of correlation functions

Abstract

Correlation functions play an important role for the theoretical and experimental characterization of many-body systems. In solid-state systems, they are usually determined through scattering experiments whereas in cold-gases systems, time-of-flight and in-situ absorption imaging are the standard observation techniques. However, none of these methods allow the in-situ detection of spatially resolved correlation functions at the single-particle level. Here we give a more detailed account of recent advances in the detection of correlation functions using in-situ fluorescence imaging of ultracold bosonic atoms in an optical lattice. This method yields single-site and single-atom-resolved images of the lattice gas in a single experimental run, thus gaining direct access to fluctuations in the many-body system. As a consequence, the detection of correlation functions between an arbitrary set of lattice sites is possible. This enables not only the detection of two-site correlation functions but also the evaluation of non-local correlations, which originate from an extended region of the system and are used for the characterization of quantum phases that do not possess (quasi-)long-range order in the traditional sense.

extended version of M. Endres et al., Science 334, 200-203 (2011) [arXiv:1108.3317]

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• Quantum gas microscopy for single atom and spin detection
• Dynamical Topological Quantum Phase Transitions for Mixed States
• Quantum Emitters in Two-dimensional Structured Reservoirs in the Non-Perturbative Regime
• Quantum critical behavior influenced by measurement backaction in ultracold gases
• Doublon-hole correlations and fluctuation thermometry in a Fermi-Hubbard gas
• Architectures for quantum simulation showing a quantum speedup
• Quantum simulation of the universal features of the Polyakov loop
• Finite-range interacting Ising quantum magnets with Rydberg atoms in optical lattices - From Rydberg superatoms to crystallization
• Correlation Effects in the Quench-Induced Phase Separation Dynamics of a Two-Species Ultracold Quantum Gas
• Site-resolved imaging of ultracold fermions in a triangular-lattice quantum gas microscope
• Phase Separation Dynamics Induced by an Interaction Quench of a Correlated Fermi-Fermi Mixture in a Double Well
• Measuring correlations of cold atom systems using multiple quantum probes
• The uncertainty product of an out-of-equilibrium many-particle system
• Robustness of symmetry-protected topological states against time-periodic perturbations
• Perfect wave-packet splitting and reconstruction in a one-dimensional lattice
• An unsupervised deep learning algorithm for single-site reconstruction in quantum gas microscopes
• Many-body processes in black and grey matter-wave solitons
• Phases of Attractive Fermi Gases in Synthetic Dimensions
• Thermodynamics and magnetism in the 2D-3D crossover of the Hubbard model
• Exactly Solvable Points and Symmetry-Protected Topological Phases of Quantum Spins on a Zig-Zag Lattice
• First-Order Topological Quantum Phase Transition in a Strongly Correlated Ladder
• Preparing Atomic Topological Quantum Matter by Adiabatic Nonunitary Dynamics
• Destruction of string order after a quantum quench
• Coherent state path integrals in the continuum
• Interaction-driven Lifshitz transition with dipolar fermions in optical lattices
• Characterizing the phase diagram of finite-size dipolar Bose-Hubbard systems
• Two-body correlations and natural orbital tomography in ultracold bosonic systems of definite parity
• Optical signatures of antiferromagnetic ordering of fermionic atoms in an optical lattice
• Geometric representation of spin correlations and applications to ultracold systems
• Probing unitary two-time correlations in a neutral atom quantum simulator
• Off-resonant many-body quantum carpets in strongly tilted optical lattices
• Characterization of photoexcited states in the half-filled one-dimensional extended Hubbard model assisted by machine learning
• Maximal entanglement of two delocalized spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ particles
• Dicke superradiance as a nondestructive probe for quantum quenches in optical lattices
• Correlations generated from high-temperature states: nonequilibrium dynamics in the Fermi-Hubbard model
• Estimating strong correlations in optical lattices
• Field-assisted doublon manipulation in the Hubbard model. A quantum doublon ratchet
• Dicke superradiance as nondestructive probe for the state of atoms in optical lattices
• Controlling magnetic correlations in a driven Hubbard system far from half-filling
• Quantitative Studies on the Quantum Critical Regime near Superfluid to Mott Insulator Transition
• Site-resolved observables in the doped spin-imbalanced triangular Hubbard model
• Phases and dynamics of an impurity immersed in one-dimensional quantum droplets