Quantum gas microscopy for single atom and spin detection

Abstract

A particular strength of ultracold quantum gases are the versatile detection methods available. Since they are based on atom-light interactions, the whole quantum optics toolbox can be used to tailor the detection process to the specific scientific question to be explored in the experiment. Common methods include time-of-flight measurements to access the momentum distribution of the gas, the use of cavities to monitor global properties of the quantum gas with minimal disturbance and phase-contrast or high-intensity absorption imaging to obtain local real space information in high-density settings. Even the ultimate limit of detecting each and every atom locally has been realized in two-dimensions using so-called quantum gas microscopes. In fact, these microscopes not only revolutionized the detection, but also the control of lattice gases. Here we provide a short overview of this technique, highlighting new observables as well as key experiments that have been enabled by quantum gas microscopy.

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References in corpus (27)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Single-Atom Resolved Fluorescence Imaging of an Atomic Mott Insulator
• Quantum Simulation of Antiferromagnetic Spin Chains in an Optical Lattice
• Single-Spin Addressing in an Atomic Mott Insulator
• Using photoemission spectroscopy to probe a strongly interacting Fermi gas
• Observation of mesoscopic crystalline structures in a two-dimensional Rydberg gas
• Spatial quantum noise interferometry in expanding ultracold atom clouds
• Strongly Correlated Quantum Walks in Optical Lattices
• Observation of antiferromagnetic correlations in the Hubbard model with ultracold atoms
• A Quantum Gas Microscope for Fermionic Atoms
• A lattice of double wells for manipulating pairs of cold atoms
• Spectroscopic observation of SU(N)-symmetric interactions in Sr orbital magnetism
• The `Higgs' Amplitude Mode at the Two-Dimensional Superfluid-Mott Insulator Transition
• Observation of pseudogap behavior in a strongly interacting Fermi gas
• Two Fermions in a double well: Exploring a fundamental building block of the Hubbard model
• Coherent many-body spin dynamics in a long-range interacting Ising chain
• Far-from-equilibrium spin transport in Heisenberg quantum magnets
• Experimental demonstration of single-site addressability in a two-dimensional optical lattice
• An atomic Hong-Ou-Mandel experiment
• Controlling and Detecting Spin Correlations of Ultracold Atoms in Optical lattices
• Competing magnetic orders in a bilayer Hubbard model with ultracold atoms
• Breakdown of Fermi liquid description for strongly interacting fermions
• Site-resolved imaging of ytterbium atoms in a two-dimensional optical lattice
• Quantum gas microscopy with spin, atom-number and multi-layer readout
• Site-resolved imaging of ultracold fermions in a triangular-lattice quantum gas microscope
• Dynamic optical lattices: two-dimensional rotating and accordion lattices for ultracold atoms
• Single-site-resolved imaging of ultracold atoms in a triangular optical lattice

Cited by in corpus (28)

• Probing site-resolved correlations in a spin system of ultracold molecules
• Mid-circuit cavity measurement in a neutral atom array
• Measurements conspire nonlocally to restructure critical quantum states
• Engineering and probing non-Abelian chiral spin liquids using periodically driven ultracold atoms
• A two-dimensional programmable tweezer array of fermions
• Quantum Register of Fermion Pairs
• Functional building blocks for scalable multipartite entanglement in optical lattices
• Observation of the Hanbury Brown and Twiss Effect with Ultracold Molecules
• An unsupervised deep learning algorithm for single-site reconstruction in quantum gas microscopes
• Hofstadter states and reentrant charge order in a semiconductor moiré lattice
• Fast long-distance transport of cold cesium atoms
• The ${}^1{\mathrm{S}}_0$-${}^3{\mathrm{P}}_2$ magnetic quadrupole transition in neutral strontium
• Quantum critical behavior of entanglement in lattice bosons with cavity-mediated long-range interactions
• Exact eigenstates of multicomponent Hubbard models: SU($N$) magnetic $\eta$ pairing, weak ergodicity breaking, and partial integrability
• Classical route to ergodicity and scarring phenomena in a two-component Bose-Josephson junction
• Manipulating growth and propagation of correlations in dipolar multilayers: From pair production to bosonic Kitaev models
• Few-body analogue quantum simulation with Rydberg-dressed atoms in optical lattices
• Proposal for asymmetric photoemission and tunneling spectroscopies in quantum simulators of the triangular-lattice Fermi-Hubbard model
• Fermionic correlation functions from randomized measurements in programmable atomic quantum devices
• Enhancement of chiral edge currents in ($d$+1)-dimensional atomic Mott-band hybrid insulators
• Bounding Entanglement Entropy Using Zeros of Local Correlation Matrices
• The Coming Decades of Quantum Simulation
• Atomic boson-fermion mixtures in 1D box potentials: Few-body and mean-field many-body analyses
• Extracting Off-Diagonal Order from Diagonal Basis Measurements
• Revealing the topological nature of the bond order wave in a strongly correlated quantum system
• Rydberg dressed spin-1/2 Fermi gases in one dimension
• Measurement-based cooling of many-body quantum systems
• Anderson and many-body localization in the presence of spatially correlated classical noise