Universal Relation for the Inelastic Two-Body Loss Rate

Abstract

Strongly-interacting systems consisting of particles that interact through a large scattering length satisfy universal relations that relate many of their central properties to the contact, which measures the number of pairs with small separations. We use the operator product expansion of quantum field theory to derive the universal relation for the inelastic 2-body loss rate. A simple universal relation between the loss rate and the contact is obtained by truncating the expansion after the lowest dimension operator. We verify the universal relation explicitly by direct calculations in the low-density limit at nonzero temperature. This universal relation can be tested experimentally using ultracold quantum gases of atoms in hyperfine states that have an inelastic spin-relaxation channel.

18 pages, no figures, published version

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• Connecting few-body inelastic decay to many-body correlations: a weakly coupled impurity in a resonant Fermi gas
• Lindblad Equation for the Inelastic Loss of Ultracold Atoms
• Few-body correlations in two-dimensional Bose and Fermi ultracold mixtures
• Association of Atoms into Universal Dimers using an Oscillating Magnetic Field
• The Operator Product Expansion Beyond Leading Order for Two-Component Fermions
• Temperature-Dependent Contact of Weakly Interacting Single-Component Fermi Gases and Loss Rate of Degenerate Polar Molecules
• Critical behavior of Tan's contact for bosonic systems with a fixed chemical potential
• Exact Thermodynamics For Weakly Interacting Normal-Phase Quantum Gases: Equations of State For All Partial Waves
• Fate of thermalization of ultracold fermions with two-body dissipation