Symmetry Energy of Nucleonic Matter With Tensor Correlations

Abstract

The nuclear symmetry energy (E_sym(\roh)) is a vital ingredient of our understanding of many processes, from heavy-ion collisions to neutron stars structure. While the total nuclear symmetry energy at nuclear saturation density (ρ_0) is relatively well determined, its value at supranuclear densities is not. The latter can be better constrained by separately examining its kinetic and potential terms and their density dependencies. The kinetic term of the symmetry energy, E_sym^kin(ρ_0), equals the difference in the per-nucleon kinetic energy between pure neutron matter (PNM) and symmetric nuclear matter (SNM), often calculated using a simple Fermi gas model. However, experiments show that tensor force induced short-range correlations (SRC) between proton-neutron pairs shift nucleons to high-momentum in SNM, but have almost no effect in PNM. We present an approximate analytical expression for E_sym^kin(ρ) of correlated nucleonic matter. In our model, E_sym^kin(ρ_0) = -10 MeV, which differs significantly from +12.5 MeV for the widely-used free Fermi gas model. This result is consistent with our analysis of recent data on the free proton-to-neutron ratios measured in intermediate energy nucleus-nucleus collisions as well as with microscopic many-body calculations, and previous phenomenological extractions. We then use our calculated E_sym^kin(ρ) in combination with the known total symmetry energy and its density dependence at saturation density to constrain the value and density dependence of the potential part and to extrapolate the total symmetry energy to supranuclear densities.

arXiv commentPublished in PRC. 6 pages, 5 figures. Final version: 06-Feb-15

References in corpus (46)

• Recent Progress and New Challenges in Isospin Physics with Heavy-Ion Reactions
• Isospin Asymmetry in Nuclei and Neutron Stars
• The Nuclear Equation of State and Neutron Star Masses
• The Equation of State from Observed Masses and Radii of Neutron Stars
• Equation of state and neutron star properties constrained by nuclear physics and observation
• Constraints on the symmetry energy and neutron skins from experiments and theory
• Reaction Dynamics with Exotic Beams
• Constraints on the density dependence of the symmetry energy
• Constraining the Symmetry Parameters of the Nuclear Interaction
• Determination of the stiffness of the nuclear symmetry energy from isospin diffusion
• Probing Cold Dense Nuclear Matter
• Constraining the neutron-proton effective mass splitting using empirical constraints on the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy around normal density
• Error Estimates of Theoretical Models: a Guide
• Quantum Monte Carlo Calculations with Chiral Effective Field Theory Interactions
• Momentum sharing in imbalanced Fermi systems
• Realistic Model of the Nucleon Spectral Function in Few- and Many- Nucleon Systems
• Measurement of 2- and 3-Nucleon Short Range Correlation Probabilities in Nuclei
• A way forward in the study of the symmetry energy: experiment, theory, and observation
• Evidence for the Strong Dominance of Proton-Neutron Correlations in Nuclei
• Connecting Neutron Star Observations to Three-Body Forces in Neutron Matter and to the Nuclear Symmetry Energy
• Equation of state of asymmetric nuclear matter and collisions of neutron-rich nuclei
• Neutron and Proton Transverse Emission Ratio Measurements and the Density Dependence of the Asymmetry Term of the Nuclear Equation of State
• Effects of momentum-dependent symmetry potential on heavy-ion collisions induced by neutron-rich nuclei
• New measurements of high-momentum nucleons and short-range structures in nuclei
• Nucleon and nucleon-pair momentum distributions in A <= 12 nuclei
• Probing the Symmetry Energy with Heavy Ions
• Observation of Nuclear Scaling in the $A(e,e^{\prime })$ Reaction at $x_B>$1
• Hard probes of short-range nucleon-nucleon correlations
• n-p Short-Range Correlations from (p,2p + n) Measurements
• Recent observation of short range nucleon correlations in nuclei and their implications for the structure of nuclei and neutron stars
• The equation of state of neutron matter, symmetry energy, and neutron star structure
• Constraining the Radii of Neutron Stars with Terrestrial Nuclear Laboratory Data
• A survey of the parameter space of the compressible liquid drop model as applied to the neutron star inner crust
• Surface Symmetry Energy of Nuclear Energy Density Functionals
• Density and isospin asymmetry dependence of high-momentum components
• Nuclear symmetry energy and the role of the tensor force
• Enduring Quests-Daring Visions (NASA Astrophysics in the Next Three Decades)
• Nuclear Theory and Science of the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams
• Elliptic flow and the symmetry energy at supra-saturation density
• Density-dependent nucleon-nucleon interaction from three-nucleon forces
• High momentum components in the nuclear symmetry energy
• High-spin structures of 124-131Te: Competition of proton and neutron pair breakings
• Symmetry energy, neutron skin, and neutron star radius from chiral effective field theory interactions
• Tensor Correlations Measured in 3He(e,e'pp)n
• Spin-Momentum Correlations in Quasi-Elastic Electron Scattering from Deuterium
• Disentangling the EMC Effect

Cited by in corpus (77)

• Nucleon-Nucleon Correlations, Short-lived Excitations, and the Quarks Within
• Results of the ASY-EOS experiment at GSI: The symmetry energy at suprasaturation density
• Towards Understanding Astrophysical Effects of Nuclear Symmetry Energy
• Nucleon Effective Masses in Neutron-Rich Matter
• Dense Nuclear Matter Equation of State from Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Direct Observation of Proton-Neutron Short-Range Correlation Dominance in Heavy Nuclei
• Critical Density and Impact of $\Delta (1232)$ Resonance Formation in Neutron Stars
• The nuclear contacts and short range correlations in nuclei
• Realistic Finite-Temperature Effects in Neutron Star Merger Simulations
• Symmetry energy of cold nucleonic matter within a relativistic mean field model encapsulating effects of high momentum nucleons induced by short-range correlations
• Finite-temperature extension for cold neutron star equations of state
• Transport approaches for the Description of Intermediate-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions
• The center of mass motion of short-range correlated nucleon pairs studied via the A(e,e'pp) reaction
• Effective Nucleon Masses from Heavy Ion Collisions
• Extracting the Mass Dependence and Quantum Numbers of Short-Range Correlated Pairs from A(e,e'p) and A(e,e'pp) Scattering
• Stylized features of single-nucleon momentum distributions
• Effects of short-range correlation reduced kinetic symmetry energy in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies
• Universal correlations in the nuclear symmetry energy, slope parameter, and curvature
• The isospin quartic term in the kinetic energy of neutron-rich nucleonic matter
• Nucleon self-energies for supernova equations of state
• Imprints of high-momentum nucleons in nuclei on hard photons from heavy-ion collisions around the Fermi Energy
• Nuclear fourth-order symmetry energy and its effects on neutron star properties in the relativistic Hartree-Fock theory
• Generalized Contact Formalism Analysis of the ${}^4$He$(e,e^{\prime }pN)$ Reaction
• Nucleon-nucleon correlations and the single-particle strength in atomic nuclei
• The interplay of short-range correlations and nuclear symmetry energy in hard photon productions from heavy-ion reactions at Fermi energies
• Can Long-Range Nuclear Properties Be Influenced By Short Range Interactions? A chiral dynamics estimate
• Revisit of the neutron/proton ratio puzzle in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions
• Constraining nucleon high momentum in nuclei
• Cross-checking the symmetry energy at high densities
• In-medium and isospin effects on particle production near threshold energies in heavy-ion collisions
• Extracing the number of short-range corerlated nucleon pairs from inclusive electron scattering data
• Isospin coupling-channel decomposition of nuclear symmetry energy in covariant density functional theory
• Neutron-proton effective mass splitting in neutron-rich matter and its impacts on nuclear reactions
• Symmetry energy extracted from the S$\pi$RIT pion data in Sn+Sn systems
• Correlations between critical parameters and bulk properties of nuclear matter
• Probing proton transition momentum in neutron-rich matter
• Studies of the equation-of-state of nuclear matter by heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energy in the multi-messenger era
• Proton-skins in momentum space and neutron-skins in coordinate space in heavy nuclei
• Effect of Delta potential on the pion-/pion+ ratio in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies
• Impacts of symmetry energy slope on the oscillation frequencies of neutron stars with short-range correlation and admixed dark matter
• Impact parameter smearing effects on isospin sensitive observables in heavy ion collisions
• Dynamical effects of spin-dependent interactions in low- and intermediate-energy heavy-ion reactions
• Effects of the high-momentum tail of nucleon momentum distribution on the isospin-sensitive observables
• Short range correlations in the extended quantum molecular dynamics model
• Reconstruction of Bremsstrahlung $\gamma$-rays Spectrum in Heavy Ion Reactions with Richardson-Lucy Algorithm
• Isospin dependence of nucleon effective masses in neutron-rich matter
• Examination of an isospin-dependent single-nucleon momentum distribution for the isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter in heavy-ion collisions
• Effects of the initialization of nucleon momentum in heavy-ion collisions at medium energies
• Investigating Effects of Relativistic Kinematics, Dimensionality, Interactions, and Short-Range Correlations on the Ratio of Quartic over Quadratic Nuclear Symmetry Energies
• Hollow nuclear matter
• Nucleon Effective E-Mass in Neutron-Rich Matter from the Migdal-Luttinger Jump
• Equation of State of Neutron-Rich Matter in $d$-Dimensions
• Direct photon emission and influence of dynamical wave packets in an extended quantum molecular dynamics model
• Beam energy dependence of the relativistic retardation effects of electrical fields on the ${\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{+}$ ratio in heavy-ion collisions
• Relativistic self-energy decomposition of nuclear symmetry energy and equation of state of neutron matter within QCD sum rules
• Summary of Workshop on Common Neutrino Event Generator Tools
• Probing the density dependence of the symmetry energy by nucleon flow
• The symmetry energy $\gamma$ parameter of relativistic mean-field models
• Nuclear contacts of unstable nuclei
• The nuclear symmetry energy from relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock model
• Probing nuclear bubble configuration by the ${\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{+}$ ratio in heavy-ion collisions
• Proton-proton momentum correlation function as a probe of the high momentum tail of the nucleon momentum distribution
• Precise Measurement of Short-Range Correlations in Nuclei from Bremsstrahlung Gamma Ray Emission in Low-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Effects of density-dependent scenarios of in-medium nucleon-nucleon interactions in heavy-ion collisions
• Studying Short-Range Correlations with Real Photon Beams at GlueX
• Universal laws for nuclear contacts
• Nucleon Short-Range Correlations and High-Momentum Dynamics: Implications on the Equation of State of Dense Matter
• Necessity of selfconsistent calculations for the electromagnetic field in probing the nuclear symmetry energy using pion observables in heavy-ion collisions
• Effects of an induced electric field on π^{-}/π^{+} ratio in heavy-ion collisions
• Experimental Study of Bremsstrahlung Gamma Ray Emission and Short-Range Correlations in ${}^{124}$Sn+${}^{124}$Sn Collisions at 25 MeV/u
• Origins and Impacts of High-Density Symmetry Energy
• Effects of Neutron-Proton Short-Range Correlation on the Equation of State of Dense Neutron-Rich Nucleonic Matter
• Effects of high-momentum tail of nucleon momentum distribution on initiation of cluster production in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies
• Ground-state properties of light kaonic nuclei signaling symmetry energy at high densities
• Neutron Star Equation of State with Nucleon Short-Range Correlations: A Concise Review and Open Issues
• Quasielastic Lepton-Nucleus Scattering and the Correlated Fermi Gas Model
• Transport Model Comparison Studies of Intermediate-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions