Models and Materials for Generalized Kitaev Magnetism

Abstract

The exactly solvable Kitaev model on the honeycomb lattice has recently received enormous attention linked to the hope of achieving novel spin-liquid states with fractionalized Majorana-like excitations. In this review, we analyze the mechanism proposed by G. Jackeli and G. Khaliullin to identify Kitaev materials based on spin-orbital dependent bond interactions and provide a comprehensive overview of its implications in real materials. We set the focus on experimental results and current theoretical understanding of planar honeycomb systems (Na${}_2$IrO${}_3$, $\alpha$-Li${}_2$IrO${}_3$, and $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$), three-dimensional Kitaev materials ($\beta$- and $\gamma$-Li${}_2$IrO${}_3$), and other potential candidates, completing the review with the list of open questions awaiting new insights.

updated references, published version

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• Revealing frustrated local moment model for pressurized hyperhoneycomb iridate: paving a way toward quantum spin liquid
• Anomalous enhancement of Wilson ratio in a quantum spin liquid with strong spin-orbital entanglement: the case of Na4Ir3O8
• Analysis of the optical conductivity for A2IrO3 (A = Na, Li) from first principles
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Cited by in corpus (70)

• Pseudospin exchange interactions in d^7 cobalt compounds: Possible realization of the Kitaev model
• Experimental identification of quantum spin liquids
• The 2021 Quantum Materials Roadmap
• Possible Kitaev Quantum Spin Liquid State in 2D Materials with S=3/2
• Microscopic mechanism for higher-spin Kitaev model
• Weak-field induced nonmagnetic state in a Co-based honeycomb
• Theory of the field-revealed Kitaev spin liquid
• Square Lattice Iridates
• Identification of Magnetic Interactions and High-field Quantum Spin Liquid in $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$
• Thermodynamic perspective on the field-induced behavior of $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$
• Kitaev-like honeycomb magnets: Global phase behavior and emergent effective models
• Observation of spin-orbit excitations and Hund's multiplets in Ca${}_2$RuO${}_4$
• Magnon damping in the zigzag phase of the Kitaev-Heisenberg-$\Gamma$ model on a honeycomb lattice
• Cubic symmetry and magnetic frustration on the $fcc$ spin lattice in K${}_2$IrCl${}_6$
• Spin excitations of a proximate Kitaev quantum spin liquid realized in Cu${}_2$IrO${}_3$
• Revisiting the Kitaev material candidacy of Ir4+ double perovskite iridates
• Crystalline Kitaev spin liquids
• Angle-dependent thermodynamics of $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$
• Floquet engineering of Mott insulators with strong spin-orbit coupling
• High-pressure versus isoelectronic doping effect on the honeycomb iridate Na${}_2$IrO${}_3$
• Observation of a random singlet state in a diluted Kitaev honeycomb material
• Ground-state phase diagram of spin-$S$ Kitaev-Heisenberg models
• Quantum Many-Body Scars in Spin-1 Kitaev Chains
• High-resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering study of the electron-phonon coupling in honeycomb $\alpha$-Li${}_2$IrO${}_3$
• Universal Thermodynamics in the Kitaev Fractional Liquid
• High-field thermal transport properties of the Kitaev quantum magnet alpha-RuCl3: evidence for low-energy excitations beyond the critical field
• Investigation of the magnetoelastic coupling anisotropy in the Kitaev material $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$
• Susceptibility anisotropy and its disorder evolution in models for Kitaev materials
• Toward cubic symmetry for Ir${}^{4+}$: structure and magnetism of antifluorite K${}_2$IrBr${}_6$
• Disorder-induced broadening of the spin waves in a triangular-lattice quantum-spin-liquid candidate YbZnGaO${}_4$
• Unquantized thermal Hall effect in quantum spin liquids with spinon Fermi surfaces
• Electronic and magnetic properties of iridium ilmenites $A$IrO${}_3$ ($A=$ Mg, Zn, and Mn)
• Thermal spin dynamics of Kitaev magnets $-$ scattering continua and magnetic field induced phases within a stochastic semiclassical approach
• Spin-orbit effects in pentavalent Iridates: Models and materials
• Charge transfer energy in iridates: a hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study
• Evidence for magnetic fractional excitations in a Kitaev quantum-spin-liquid candidate $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$
• Optical signature of the pressure-induced dimerization in the honeycomb iridate $\alpha$-Li${}_2$IrO${}_3$
• Extent of frustration in the classical Kitaev-$\Gamma$ model via bond anisotropy
• Photoinduced Floquet topological magnons in Kitaev magnets
• Quasimolecular electronic structure of the spin-liquid candidate Ba${}_3$InIr${}_2$O${}_9$
• Spin liquid in twisted homobilayers group-VI gichalcogenides
• Hydrated lithium intercalation into the Kitaev spin liquid candidate material $\alpha -$RuCl${}_3$
• Nonlinear response of the Kitaev honeycomb lattice model in a weak magnetic field
• Neutron spectroscopy evidence for a possible magnetic-field-induced gapless quantum-spin-liquid phase in a Kitaev material $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$
• Interplay of magnetism and dimerization in pressurized Kitaev material $\beta$-Li${}_2$IrO${}_3$
• Symmetry Analysis of Tensors in the Honeycomb Lattice of Edge-Sharing Octahedra
• Unconventional magnetic field response of the hyperhoneycomb Kitaev magnet $\beta -{\text{Li}}_2{\text{IrO}}_3$
• Pseudospin-lattice coupling and electric control of the square-lattice iridate Sr2IrO4
• Optical magnons with dominant bond-directional exchange interactions in a honeycomb lattice iridate $\alpha$-Li${}_2$IrO${}_3$
• Light-induced magnetization driven by interorbital charge motion in a spin-orbit assisted Mott insulator alpha-RuCl3
• Contrasting electronic states of RuI3 and RuCl3
• Lattice dynamics and structural transition of the hyperhoneycomb iridate $\beta$-Li${}_2$IrO${}_3$ investigated by high-pressure Raman scattering
• Multiple field-induced phases in the frustrated triangular magnet Cs${}_3$Fe${}_2$Br${}_9$
• Asymmetric modulation of Majorana excitation spectra and nonreciprocal thermal transport in the Kitaev spin liquid under a staggered magnetic field
• Ground-State Phase Diagram of the Kitaev-Heisenberg Model on a Three-dimensional Hyperhoneycomb Lattice
• Suppression of the antiferromagnetic order by Zn doping in a possible Kitaev material Na${}_2$Co${}_2$TeO${}_6$
• Role of disorder in the electronic and magnetic properties of Ag${}_3$LiIr${}_2$O${}_6$
• MoP${}_3$SiO${}_{11}$: a $4d^3$ honeycomb antiferromagnet with disconnected octahedra
• Equivalence between vortices, twists and chiral gauge fields in Kitaev's honeycomb lattice model
• Minimal models of $\alpha$-Li${}_2$IrO${}_3$: On the range of the interactions, ground state properties, and magnetization processes
• Signatures of a gapless quantum spin liquid in the Kitaev material Na${}_3$Co${}_{2-x}$Zn${}_x$SbO${}_6$
• Intertwined Magnetic Dipolar and Electric Quadrupolar Correlations in the Pyrochlore Tb${}_2$Ge${}_2$O${}_7$
• Three-dimensional Stacking of Canted Antiferromagnetism and Pseudospin Current in Undoped Sr${}_2$IrO${}_4$: Symmetry Analysis and Microscopic Model Realization
• Anomalous and Anisotropic Nonlinear Susceptibility in the Proximate Kitaev Magnet $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$
• Strategy to Extract Kitaev Interaction using Symmetry in Honeycomb Mott Insulators
• The field-angle anisotropy of proximate Kitaev systems under an in-plane magnetic field
• Nesting instability of gapless U(1) spin liquids with spinon Fermi pockets in two dimensions
• Vortex creation and control in the Kitaev spin liquid by local bond modulations
• Non-Loudon-Fleury Raman scattering in spin-orbit coupled Mott insulators
• Universal fluctuating regime in triangular chromate antiferromagnets