Pressure-tuning of bond-directional exchange interactions and magnetic frustration in hyperhoneycomb iridate $\beta$-$\mathrm{L}{\mathrm{i}}_2\mathrm{Ir}{\mathrm{O}}_3$

Abstract

We explore the response of Ir $5d$ orbitals to pressure in $\beta$-$\mathrm{L}{\mathrm{i}}_2\mathrm{Ir}{\mathrm{O}}_3$, a hyperhoneycomb iridate in proximity to a Kitaev quantum spin liquid (QSL) ground state. X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals a reconstruction of the electronic ground state below 2 GPa, the same pressure range where x-ray magnetic circular dichroism shows an apparent collapse of magnetic order. The electronic reconstruction, which manifests a reduction in the effective spin-orbit (SO) interaction in $5d$ orbitals, pushes $\beta$-$\mathrm{L}{\mathrm{i}}_2\mathrm{Ir}{\mathrm{O}}_3$ further away from the pure $J_{\mathrm{eff}}=1/2$ limit. Although lattice symmetry is preserved across the electronic transition, x-ray diffraction shows a highly anisotropic compression of the hyperhoneycomb lattice which affects the balance of bond-directional Ir-Ir exchange interactions driven by spin-orbit coupling at Ir sites. An enhancement of symmetric anisotropic exchange over Kitaev and Heisenberg exchange interactions seen in theoretical calculations that use precisely this anisotropic Ir-Ir bond compression provides one possible route to realization of a QSL state in this hyperhoneycomb iridate at high pressures.

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• Breakdown of magnetic order in the pressurized Kitaev iridate $\beta$-Li${}_2$IrO${}_3$
• Pressure-tuned magnetic interactions in honeycomb Kitaev materials
• Competition between static and dynamic magnetism in the Kitaev spin liquid material Cu2IrO3
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• Magnetic structure and excitation spectrum of the hyperhoneycomb Kitaev magnet $\beta$-Li${}_2$IrO${}_3$
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• Covalency-driven collapse of strong spin-orbit coupling in face-sharing iridium octahedra
• Possible quantum paramagnetism in compressed Sr${}_2$IrO${}_4$
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• Counter-rotating spiral order in three dimensional iridates: signature of hidden symmetry in Kitaev-$\Gamma$ model
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