Heisenberg-Kitaev model on hyperhoneycomb lattice

Abstract

Motivated by recent experiments on $\beta -$Li${}_2$IrO${}_3$, we study the phase diagram of the Heisenberg-Kitaev model on a three dimensional lattice of tri-coordinated Ir${}^{4+}$, dubbed the hyperhoneycomb lattice by Takagi et. al. The lattice geometry of this material, along with Ir${}^{4+}$ ions carrying $J_{\mathrm{eff}}=1/2$ moments, suggests that the Heisenberg-Kitaev model may effectively capture the low energy spin-physics of the system in the strong-coupling limit. Using a combination of semiclassical analysis, exact solution and slave-fermion mean field theory, we find, in addition to the spin-liquid, four different magnetically ordered phases depending on the parameter regime. All four magnetic phases--the Néel, the polarized ferromagnet, the skew-stripy and the skew-zig-zag, have collinear spin ordering. The three dimensional Z${}_2$ spin liquid, which extends over an extended parameter regime around the exactly solvable Kitaev point, has a gapless Majorana mode with a deformed Fermi-circle (co-dimensions, $d_c=2$). We discuss the effect of the magnetic field and finite temperature on different phases that may be relevant for future experiments.

11 pages, 15 figures; added new appendix, corrected typos, updated journal reference

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