Quantum Magnetism in Minerals

Abstract

The discovery of magnetism by the ancient Greeks was enabled by the natural occurrence of lodestone -- a magnetized version of the mineral magnetite. Nowadays, natural minerals continue to inspire the search for novel magnetic materials with quantum-critical behavior or exotic ground states such as spin liquids. The recent surge of interest in magnetic frustration and quantum magnetism was largely encouraged by crystalline structures of natural minerals realizing pyrochlore, kagome, or triangular arrangements of magnetic ions. As a result, names like azurite, jarosite, volborthite, and others, which were barely known beyond the mineralogical community a few decades ago, found their way into cutting-edge research in solid-state physics. In some cases, the structures of natural minerals are too complex to be synthesized artificially in a chemistry lab, especially in single-crystalline form, and there is a growing number of examples demonstrating the potential of natural specimens for experimental investigations in the field of quantum magnetism. On many other occasions, minerals may guide chemists in the synthesis of novel compounds with unusual magnetic properties. The present review attempts to embrace this quickly emerging interdisciplinary field that bridges mineralogy with low-temperature condensed-matter physics and quantum chemistry.

Final version accepted to Adv. Phys. (115 pages, 65 figures, 763 references)

References in corpus (136)

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• Role of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in multiferroic perovskites
• Spin Dynamics of the Spin-1/2 Kagome Lattice Antiferromagnet ZnCu_3(OH)_6Cl_2
• Density functional study of FeS, FeSe and FeTe: Electronic structure, magnetism, phonons and superconductivity
• Identifying Topological Order by Entanglement Entropy
• Projected wavefunction study of Spin-1/2 Heisenberg model on the Kagome lattice
• First direct observation of Dirac fermions in graphite
• Quantum magnetism and criticality
• Quantum magnetism in the paratacamite family: towards an ideal kagome lattice
• Continuous excitations of the triangular-lattice quantum spin liquid YbMgGaO4
• Substitution Effects on FeSe Superconductor
• Spin-driven ferroelectricity and possible antiferroelectricity in triangular lattice antiferromagnets ACrO2 (A = Cu, Ag, Li, or Na)
• Properties of an algebraic spin liquid on the kagome lattice
• Vector chiral and multipolar orders in the spin-1/2 frustrated ferromagnetic chain in magnetic field
• Spin chirality on a two-dimensional frustrated lattice
• Spin liquid phase of the $S=\frac{1}{2}$ $J_1-J_2$ Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice
• Spin Liquid States on the Triangular and Kagome Lattices: A Projective Symmetry Group Analysis of Schwinger Boson States
• Ground State of the Kagome Lattice Heisenberg Antiferromagnet
• Emergent multipolar spin correlations in a fluctuating spiral - The frustrated ferromagnetic S=1/2 Heisenberg chain in a magnetic field
• Vesignieite BaCu3V2O8(OH)2 as a Candidate Spin-1/2 Kagome Antiferromagnet
• Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya Anisotropy in the Spin-1/2 Kagomé Compound ZnCu${}_3$(OH)${}_6$Cl${}_2$
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• Crystalline Electric Field Randomness in the Triangular Lattice Spin-Liquid YbMgGaO${}_4$
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• NaYbS${}_2$ - a new planar spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ triangular-lattice magnet and putative spin liquid
• Spin waves in the Frustrated Kagome Lattice Antiferromagnet KFe3(OH)6(SO4)2
• Magnetic properties of BaCdVO(PO_4)_2: a strongly frustrated spin-1/2 square lattice close to the quantum critical regime
• Spin-orbit effects in Na${}_4$Ir${}_3$O${}_8$, a hyper-kagomé lattice antiferromagnet
• ^{63}Cu, ^{35}Cl, and ^{1}H NMR in the S=1/2 Kagomé Lattice ZnCu_{3}(OH)_{6}Cl_{2}
• Absence of magnetic thermal conductivity in the quantum spin liquid candidate YbMgGaO4
• Numerical-Diagonalization Study of Spin Gap Issue of the Kagome Lattice Heisenberg Antiferromagnet
• Dynamic Scaling in the Susceptibility of the Spin-1\2 Kagome Lattice Antiferromagnet Herbertsmithite
• Multi-magnon bound states in the frustrated ferromagnetic 1D chain
• Gapless spin liquids on the three dimensional hyper-kagome lattice of Na${}_4$Ir${}_3$O${}_8$
• Nature of the spin dynamics and 1/3 magnetization plateau in azurite
• Ground-state phase diagram of a spin-1/2 frustrated ferromagnetic XXZ chain: Haldane dimer phase and gapped/gapless chiral phases
• Correlation functions and excitation spectrum of the frustrated ferromagnetic spin-1/2 chain in an external magnetic field
• Magnetic Susceptibility of the Kagome Antiferromagnet ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2
• Magnon thermal Hall effect in kagome antiferromagnets with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions
• Topological spin excitations observed in a three-dimensional antiferromagnet
• Frustrated two dimensional quantum magnets
• Topological spin liquid on the hyper-kagome lattice of Na_4Ir_3O_8
• Weyl spin liquids
• Na4Ir3O8 as a 3D spin liquid with fermionic spinons
• Magnetic Interaction in the Geometrically Frustrated Triangular Lattice Antiferromagnet $\mathrm{CuFe}{\mathrm{O}}_2$
• Discovery of coexisting Dirac and triply degenerate magnons in a three-dimensional antiferromagnet
• Emergence of nontrivial magnetic excitations in a spin liquid state of kagome volborthite
• One-Third Magnetization Plateau with a Preceding Novel Phase in Volborthite
• Barlowite: A Spin-1/2 Antiferromagnet with a Geometrically Perfect Kagome Motif
• CuBr2-A New Multiferroic Material with High Critical Temperature
• Modified kagome physics in the natural spin-1/2 kagome lattice systems - kapellasite Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 and haydeeite Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2
• Toward Perfection: Kapellasite, Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2, a New Model S = 1/2 Kagome Antiferromagnet
• Twelve sublattice ordered phase in the J1-J2 model on the kagome lattice
• Highly Frustrated Magnetic Clusters: The kagome on a sphere
• Magnetic properties and heat capacity of the three-dimensional frustrated S=1/2 antiferromagnet PbCuTe2O6
• Cupric chloride CuCl2 as an S=1/2 chain multiferroic
• Spin-modulated quasi-1D antiferromagnet LiCuVO_4
• Absence of magnetic order for the spin-half Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the star lattice
• Theory of Magnetic Phase Diagrams in Hyperhoneycomb and Harmonic-honeycomb Iridates
• Classical antiferromagnet on a hyperkagome lattice
• Calculating the energy spectra of magnetic molecules: application of real- and spin-space symmetries
• Magnetic Structure and Spin Waves in the Kagomé Jarosite compound $\mathbf{KF}{\mathbf{e}}_3(\mathbf{S}{\mathbf{O}}_4{)}_2(\mathbf{OH}{)}_6$
• Frustrated spin-1/2 square lattice in the layered perovskite PbVO(3)
• Magnetic ordering in mackinawite (tetragonal FeS): evidence for strong itinerant spin fluctuations
• Dynamic and thermodynamic properties of the generalised diamond chain model for azurite
• Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and spin re-orientation transition in the frustrated kagome lattice antiferromagnet
• Spin dynamics and disorder effects in the S=1/2 kagome Heisenberg spin liquid phase of kapellasite
• The magnetic structure of Li2CuO2: from ab initio calculations to macroscopic simulations
• Weak ferromagnetic order breaking the threefold rotational symmetry of the underlying kagomé lattice in CdCu${}_3$(OH)${}_6$(NO${}_3$)${}_2\cdot$H${}_2$O
• Strong magnetic frustration in Y${}_3$Cu${}_9$(OH)${}_{19}$Cl${}_8$: a distorted kagome antiferromagnet
• Symmetry Reduction in the Quantum Kagome Antiferromagnet Herbertsmithite
• Haydeeite: a spin-1/2 kagome ferromagnet
• Magnetic ground state and 2D behavior in pseudo-Kagome layered system Cu3Bi(SeO3)2O2Br
• Competing magnetic orders and spin liquids in two- and three-dimensional kagome systems: A pseudo-fermion functional renormalization group perspective
• Spatially Anisotropic Heisenberg Kagome Antiferromagnet
• Frustration and Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya anisotropy in the kagome francisites Cu${}_3$Bi(SeO${}_3{)}_2$O${}_2$X
• On the absence of a spiral magnetic order in Li2CuO2 with one-dimensional CuO2 ribbon chains
• Local Spin Susceptibility of the S=1/2 Kagome Lattice in ZnCu3(OD)6Cl2
• From Claringbullite to a new spin liquid candidate Cu${}_3$Zn(OH)${}_6$FCl
• Uniform and staggered magnetizations induced by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions in isolated and coupled spin 1/2 dimers in a magnetic field
• Quantum and Classical Spins on the Spatially Distorted Kagome Lattice: Applications to Volborthite
• Ising antiferromagnet on the Archimedean lattices
• Ferroelectricity from spin supercurrents in LiCuVO4
• Single crystal growth of Cu4(OH)6BrF and universal behavior in quantum spin liquid candidates synthetic barlowite and herbertsmithite
• Coupled frustrated quantum spin-1/2 chains with orbital order in volborthite Cu3V2O7(OH)2(H2O)2
• Vesignieite: a $S=\frac{1}{2}$ kagome antiferromagnet with dominant third-neighbor exchange
• Electromagnon resonance in a collinear spin state of a polar antiferromagnet Fe2Mo3O8
• Symmetry Breaking on the Three-Dimensional Hyperkagome Lattice of Na_4Ir_3O_8
• Effect of Zn doping on the antiferromagnetism in kagome Cu${}_{4-x}$Zn${}_x$(OH)${}_6$FBr
• High-field recovery of the undistorted triangular lattice in the frustrated metamagnet CuFeO2
• Spin Configuration in the 1/3 Magnetization Plateau of Azurite Determined by NMR
• Cluster-based Haldane state in edge-shared tetrahedral spin-cluster chain: Fedotovite K${}_2$Cu${}_3$O(SO${}_4$)${}_3$
• Synthesis-Dependent Properties of Barlowite and Zn-Substituted Barlowite
• Large quantum fluctuations in the strongly coupled spin-1/2 chains of green dioptase: a hidden message from birds and trees
• Averievite: a copper oxide kagome antiferromagnet
• The Interplay Between Lattice Topology, Frustration, and Spin Quantum Number in Quantum Antiferromagnets on Archimedean Lattices
• Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg Model on the Icosahedron: Influence of Connectivity and the Transition from the Classical to the Quantum Limit
• Interplay of non-symmorphic symmetry and spin-orbit coupling in hyperkagome spin liquids: Applications to Na${}_4$Ir${}_3$O${}_8$
• The Collinear Magnetic Phases of the Geometrically-Frustrated Antiferromagnet CuFeO${}_2$: The Importance of Stacking
• Crystal water induced switching of magnetically active orbitals in CuCl2
• Magnon-phonon coupling and two-magnon continuum in two-dimensional triangular antiferromagnet CuCrO2
• Quantum Criticality in Dimerized Spin Ladders
• Frustrated spin chain physics near the Majumdar-Ghosh point in szenicsite Cu${}_3$(MoO${}_4$)(OH)${}_4$
• Field-Induced Instability of a Gapless Spin Liquid with a Spinon Fermi Surface
• Antiferroelectric instability in kagome francisites Cu${}_3$Bi(SeO${}_3$)${}_2$O${}_2$X (X = Cl, Br)
• Probing spinon nodal structures in three-dimensional Kitaev spin liquids
• Square-lattice magnetism of diaboleite Pb2Cu(OH)4Cl2
• Frustration effects in antiferromagnetic molecules: the cuboctahedron
• Spin-Wave Spectrum in `Single-Domain' Magnetic Ground State of Triangular Lattice Antiferromagnet CuFeO2
• Kagome quantum spin systems in the atacamite family
• The dynamics of linarite: Observations of magnetic excitations
• Nuclear and Magnetic Structures of the Frustrated Quantum Antiferromagnet Barlowite, Cu${}_4$(OH)${}_6$FBr
• Robustness of superconductivity to competing magnetic phases in tetragonal FeS
• Fractional magnetization plateaux of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg orthogonal-dimer chain revisited: strong-coupling approach developed from the exactly solved Ising-Heisenberg model
• A novel crystal polymorph of volborthite, Cu3V2O7(OH)2 2H2O
• Magnetic inhomogeneity on a triangular lattice: the magnetic-exchange versus the elastic energy and the role of disorder
• Magnetic resonance as a local probe for kagomé magnetism in Barlowite Cu${}_4$(OH)${}_6$FBr
• Magnetic phase diagram of the strongly frustrated quantum spin chain system PbCuSO${}_4$(OH)${}_2$ in tilted magnetic fields
• Spin excitations and the Fermi surface of superconducting FeS
• Magnetic field induced phases in anisotropic triangular antiferromagnets: application to $\mathrm{CuCr}{\mathrm{O}}_2$
• Spin Triplet Ground-State in the Copper Hexamer Compounds A2Cu3O(SO4)3 (A=Na,K)
• Determination of the single-ion anisotropy energy in a S = 5/2 kagome antiferromagnet using X-ray absorption spectroscopy
• Magnetoelastic and structural properties of azurite Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 from neutron scattering and muon spin rotation
• Multiferroic rust: magnetoelectric effect in göthite, $\alpha$-FeOOH
• Multiferroic phases of the frustrated quantum spin-chain compound linarite
• Helical order and multiferroicity in the $S=1/2$ quasi-kagome system KCu${}_3$As${}_2$O${}_7$(OD)${}_3$
• Development of spin correlations in the geometrically frustrated triangular-lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet CuCrO2
• Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction and the ground state in S=3/2 perfect kagome lattice antiferromagnet $\mathbf{KC}{\mathbf{r}}_3(\mathbf{OH}{)}_6(\mathbf{S}{\mathbf{O}}_4{)}_2$ (Cr-jarosite) studied by X-band and high-frequency ESR
• Static impurities in the S=3/2 kagome lattice
• Nuclear relaxation rates in the Herbertsmithite Kagome antiferromagnets ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2
• Spin-specific heat determination of the ratio of competing first- and second-neighbor exchange interactions in frustrated spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ chains
• Phenomenological approach to hyperkagome spin liquid: gauge fields and spinons without slave particles
• Evidence for a pressure-induced spin transition in olivine-type LiFePO${}_4$ triphylite
• Spin excitations in the two-dimensional strongly coupled dimer system malachite
• Polarized neutron scattering studies of the kagome lattice antiferromagnet KFe3(OH)6(SO4)2
• Revealing quantum spin liquid in the herbertsmithite $\mathrm{ZnC}{\mathrm{u}}_3(\mathrm{OH}{)}_6\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{l}}_2$

Cited by in corpus (36)

• Unifying Kitaev magnets, kagome dimer models and ruby Rydberg spin liquids
• Magnetization process of atacamite: a case of weakly coupled $S=1/2$ sawtooth chains
• Thermodynamics of the spin-half square-kagome lattice antiferromagnet
• Magnetic hexamers interacting in layers in the (Na,K)${}_2$Cu${}_3$O(SO${}_4{)}_3$ minerals
• Quantum Spin Dynamics Due to Strong Kitaev Interactions in the Triangular-Lattice Antiferromagnet CsCeSe${}_2$
• Stripe-yz magnetic order in the triangular-lattice antiferromagnet KCeS2
• Magnonic Analogue of Edelstein Effect in Antiferromagnetic Insulators
• Low-dimensional magnetism of BaCuTe${}_2$O${}_6$
• Effective spin-1 breathing kagome Hamiltonian induced by the exchange hierarchy in the maple leaf mineral bluebellite
• Destruction of long-range magnetic order in an external magnetic field and the associated spin dynamics in Cu2GaBO5 and Cu2AlBO5 ludwigites
• Band-Mott mixing hybridizes the gap in Fe${}_2$Mo${}_3$O${}_8$
• Magnetic terahertz resonances above the Néel temperature in the frustrated kagome antiferromagnet averievite
• Quantum magnetism in the frustrated square lattice oxyhalides YbBi2IO4 and YbBi2ClO4
• Coupled frustrated ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic quantum spin chains in the quasi-one-dimensional mineral antlerite, Cu${}_3$SO${}_4$(OH)${}_4$
• Spin-Coupling Topology in the Copper Hexamer Compounds A${}_2$Cu${}_3$O(SO${}_4$)${}_3$ (A=Na, K)
• Multiple field-induced phases in the frustrated triangular magnet Cs${}_3$Fe${}_2$Br${}_9$
• Spin-half Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a symmetric sawtooth chain: Rotation-invariant Green's functions and high-temperature series
• First-principles characterization of the magnetic properties of Cu${}_2$(OH)${}_3$Br
• Pressure induced collapse of magnetic order in jarosite
• Incommensurate and multiple-$\mathbf{q}$ magnetic misfit order in the frustrated quantum-spin-ladder material antlerite, Cu${}_3$SO${}_4$(OH)${}_4$
• Pyrochlore NaYbO2: A potential Quantum Spin Liquid Candidate
• Tensor network analysis of the maple-leaf antiferromagnet spangolite
• Breakdown of Linear Spin-wave Theory and Existence of Spinon Bound States in the Frustrated Kagome Lattice Antiferromagnet
• Effects of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions in volborthite: Magnetic orders and thermal Hall effect
• Magnetic Phase Diagram of Rouaite, Cu${}_2$(OH)${}_3$NO${}_3$
• Na${}_5$Co${}_{15.5}$Te${}_6$O${}_{36}$: an $S$ = 1/2 stacked Ising kagome antiferromagnet with a partially disordered ground state
• Imbalanced spin couplings in the copper hexameter compounds A2Cu3O(SO4)3 (A2=Na2, NaK, K2)
• Long range 3D magnetic structures of the spin $S$=1 hexamer cluster fedotovite-like A${}_2$Cu${}_3$O(SO${}_4$)${}_3$ (A${}_2$=K${}_2$, NaK, Na${}_2$): a neutron diffraction study
• High-field spin-flop state in green dioptase
• Quantum Heisenberg model on a sawtooth-chain lattice: Rotation-invariant Green's function method
• Crystal chemistry criteria of the existence of spin liquids on the kagome lattice
• Spin Nernst and thermal Hall effects of topological triplons in quantum dimer magnets on the maple-leaf and star lattices
• Stacking disorder in novel ABAC-stacked brochantite, Cu${}_4$SO${}_4$(OH)${}_6$
• Pressure-tuned spin chains in brochantite, Cu${}_4$SO${}_4$(OH)${}_6$
• High-field magnetic properties of the alternating ferro-antiferromagnetic spin-chain compound Cu${}_2$(OH)${}_3$Br
• Crystallography-driven molecularization of a two-dimensional spin-$3/2$ magnet