Refining the Spin Hamiltonian in the Spin-1/2 Kagome Lattice Antiferromagnet ZnCu${}_3$(OH)${}_6$Cl${}_2$ using Single Crystals

Abstract

We report thermodynamic measurements of the S=1/2 kagome lattice antiferromagnet ZnCu${}_3$(OH)${}_6$Cl${}_2$, a promising candidate system with a spin-liquid ground state. Using single crystal samples, the magnetic susceptibility both perpendicular and parallel to the kagome plane has been measured. A small, temperature-dependent anisotropy has been observed, where ${\chi }_z/{\chi }_p>1$ at high temperatures and ${\chi }_z/{\chi }_p<1$ at low temperatures. Fits of the high-temperature data to a Curie-Weiss model also reveal an anisotropy. By comparing with theoretical calculations, the presence of a small easy-axis exchange anisotropy can be deduced as the primary perturbation to the dominant Heisenberg nearest neighbor interaction. These results have great bearing on the interpretation of theoretical calculations based on the kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet model to the experiments on ZnCu${}_3$(OH)${}_6$Cl${}_2$.

4 pages, 4 figures

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• Spin waves in the Frustrated Kagome Lattice Antiferromagnet KFe3(OH)6(SO4)2
• ^{63}Cu, ^{35}Cl, and ^{1}H NMR in the S=1/2 Kagomé Lattice ZnCu_{3}(OH)_{6}Cl_{2}
• Low temperature magnetization of the S=1/2 kagome antiferromagnet ZnCu_3(OH)_6Cl_2
• Magnetic Susceptibility of the Kagome Antiferromagnet ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2
• Local Spin Susceptibility of the S=1/2 Kagome Lattice in ZnCu3(OD)6Cl2
• The symmetry of the spin Hamiltonian in herbertsmithite, a spin-1/2 kagomé lattice

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