Experimental signatures of quantum and topological states in frustrated magnetism

Abstract

Frustration in magnetic materials arising from competing exchange interactions can prevent the system from adopting long-range magnetic order and can instead lead to a diverse range of novel quantum and topological states with exotic quasiparticle excitations. Here, we review prominent examples of such emergent phenomena, including magnetically-disordered and extensively degenerate spin ices, which feature emergent magnetic monopole excitations, highly-entangled quantum spin liquids with fractional spinon excitations, topological order and emergent gauge fields, as well as complex particle-like topological spin textures known as skyrmions. We provide an overview of recent advances in the search for magnetically-disordered candidate materials on the three-dimensional pyrochlore lattice and two-dimensional triangular, kagome and honeycomb lattices, the latter with bond-dependent Kitaev interactions, and on lattices supporting topological magnetism. We highlight experimental signatures of these often elusive phenomena and single out the most suitable experimental techniques that can be used to detect them. Our review also aims at providing a comprehensive guide for designing and investigating novel frustrated magnetic materials, with the potential of addressing some important open questions in contemporary condensed matter physics.

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• Anisotropic skyrmion and multi-$q$ spin dynamics in centrosymmetric Gd${}_2$PdSi${}_3$
• Magnetic properties and spin dynamics in a spin-orbit driven Jeff= 1/2 triangular lattice antiferromagnet
• Magnetism and spin dynamics of an S=3/2 frustrated trillium lattice antiferromagnet K2CrTi(PO4)3
• Fractionalization Signatures in the Dynamics of Quantum Spin Liquids
• Emergent quantum Majorana metal from a chiral spin liquid
• Successive magnetic transitions in the spin-5/2 easy-axis triangular-lattice antiferromagnet Na${}_2$BaMn(PO${}_4$)${}_2$: A neutron diffraction study
• Magnetism and field-induced effects in the S = 5/2 honeycomb lattice antiferromagnet FeP3SiO11
• Spin dynamics and 1/3 magnetization plateau in a coupled distorted diamond chain compound K2Cu3(MoO4)4
• Magnetic properties and field-induced phenomena in the Jeff = 1/2 distorted kagome antiferromagnet
• Coexistence of anomalous spin dynamics and weak magnetic order in a chiral trillium lattice K2FeSn(PO4)3
• Spin-Energy Entanglement of a Time-Focused Neutron
• Frustration and chirality in three-dimensional trillium lattices: Insights and Perspectives
• Glassy disordered ground states in the frustrated pyrochlore and fluorite antiferromagnets NaCd$M_2$F${}_7$ ($M$ = Ni${}^{2+}$, Mn${}^{2+}$)
• The nature of low-temperature spin-freezing in frustrated Kitaev magnets
• High-temperature series expansion of the dynamic Matsubara spin correlator
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• The Kekulé-Kitaev model: linear and non-linear responses and magnetic field effects
• Coexistence of static and dynamic local magnetic fields in an S = 3/2 honeycomb lattice antiferromagnet Co2Te3O8
• Incommensurate magnetic order arising from frustrated interchain interactions in the spin-1/2 chain compound AgCuVO${}_4$
• Spin-liquid-like spin dynamics in the frustrated antiferromagnet TbBO3
• Possible Bose-Einstein condensation of magnons in a S = 5/2 honeycomb lattice
• Multistage spin correlations in the $s$ = 1/2 stuffed hyper-star lattice Li${}_2$Cu${}_2$(MoO${}_4$)${}_3$
• Antitopological magnetic textures in an antiferromagnetically coupled bilayer with frustration
• Spin liquid state in a three-dimensional pyrochlore-like frustrated magnet
• Magnetic and thermodynamic studies on the distorted kagome magnet Pr${}_3$BWO${}_9$
• Magnetic ground state of a Jeff = 1/2 based frustrated triangular lattice antiferromagnet
• Canted ferromagnetic order in a distorted triangular-lattice magnet Na${}_2$SrCo(VO${}_4$)${}_2$
• Multistage development of short-range spin correlations and weak magnetic order in the two coupled trillium lattices of K2Fe2(MoO4)(PO4)2