Probing Topological Spin Liquids on a Programmable Quantum Simulator
arXiv:2104.04119 · doi:10.1126/science.abi8794
Abstract
Quantum spin liquids, exotic phases of matter with topological order, have been a major focus of explorations in physical science for the past several decades. Such phases feature long-range quantum entanglement that can potentially be exploited to realize robust quantum computation. We use a 219-atom programmable quantum simulator to probe quantum spin liquid states. In our approach, arrays of atoms are placed on the links of a kagome lattice and evolution under Rydberg blockade creates frustrated quantum states with no local order. The onset of a quantum spin liquid phase of the paradigmatic toric code type is detected by evaluating topological string operators that provide direct signatures of topological order and quantum correlations. Its properties are further revealed by using an atom array with nontrivial topology, representing a first step towards topological encoding. Our observations enable the controlled experimental exploration of topological quantum matter and protected quantum information processing.
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- Continuous-wave quantum light control via engineered Rydberg-induced dephasing
- Stabilization of symmetry-protected long-range entanglement in stochastic quantum circuits
- Semi-Dirac spin liquids and frustrated quantum magnetism on the trellis lattice
- Suppressing decoherence in quantum state transfer with unitary operations
- Quantum dynamics of frustrated Josephson junction arrays embedded in a transmission line: an effective XX spin chain with long-range interaction
- Vison condensation and spinon confinement in a kagome-lattice spin liquid: A numerical study of a quantum dimer model
- Fractionally Quantized Electric Polarization and Discrete Shift of Crystalline Fractional Chern Insulators
- Learning quantum symmetries with interactive quantum-classical variational algorithms
- Imaginary-time Quantum Relaxation Critical Dynamics with Semi-ordered Initial States
- Continuous-wave all-optical single-photon transistor based on a Rydberg-atom ensemble
- Phase transitions and remnants of fractionalization at finite temperature in the triangular lattice quantum loop model
- Emergence of topological states in relaxation dynamics of interacting bosons
- Exact kinetic propagators for coherent state complex Langevin simulations
- Bulk and Boundary Quantum Phase Transitions in a Square Rydberg Atom Array
- Symmetrizing the Constraints -- Density Matrix Renormalization Group for Constrained Lattice Models
- Fractional diffusion without disorder in two dimensions
- Simulating Topological Order on Quantum Processors
- Engineering a Josephson junction chain for the simulation of the clock model
- Inter-species topological phases via a dynamical gauge field
- Generalized Josephson effect with arbitrary periodicity in quantum magnets
- Deconfined quantum criticality on a triangular Rydberg array
- Exactly Solvable Topological Phase Transition in a Quantum Dimer Model
- Ultracold atomic lattice systems for simulating topological phases: A review
- Robust and Parallel Control of Many Qubits
- Dynamical complexity of non-Gaussian many-body systems with dissipation
- Algebraic law of local correlations in a driven Rydberg atomic system
- Simulating monitoring-induced topological phase transitions with small systems
- Doped resonating-valence-bond states: Robustness of the spin-ice phases in three-dimensional Rydberg arrays
- Entanglement Spectroscopy and probing the Li-Haldane Conjecture in Topological Quantum Matter
- Partons from stabilizer codes
- Quantum Markov chain Monte Carlo method with programmable quantum simulators
- Engineering long-range and multi-body interactions via global kinetic constraints
- Two-electron quantum walks can probe entanglement and decoherence in an electron microscope
- 2D Anderson Localization and KPZ sub-Universality Classes : sensitivity to boundary conditions and insensitivity to symmetry classes
- Double Supersolid Phase in a Bosonic t-J-V Model with Rydberg Atoms
- Site-resolved observables in the doped spin-imbalanced triangular Hubbard model
- All-to-all connectivity of Rydberg-atom-based quantum processors with messenger qubits
- Tunable anyonic permeability across spin liquid junctions
- Hidden subsystem symmetry protected states in competing topological orders
- Topology meets symmetry breaking: Hidden order, intrinsically gapless topological states and finite-temperature topological transitions
- Real-space blocking of qubit variables on parallel lattice gauge theory links for quantum simulation
- Optimized Gutzwiller Projected States for Doped Antiferromagnets in Fermi-Hubbard Simulators
- Refining ensemble -representability of one-body density matrices from partial information
- Mapping atomic trapping in an optical superlattice onto the libration of a planar rotor in electric fields
- Towards a pulse-level intermediate representation for diverse quantum control systems
- Rydberg Atoms in a Ladder Geometry: Quench Dynamics and Floquet Engineering
- Magnetic Hysteresis Experiments Performed on Quantum Annealers
- Perturbational Decomposition Analysis for Quantum Ising Model with Weak Transverse Fields
- Many-body quantum dimerization in 2D atomic arrays
- Quantum Supercritical Crossover with Dynamical Singularity
- Quantum spin liquids bootstrapped from Ising criticality in Rydberg arrays
- Partition function of the Kitaev quantum double model
- Programmable order by disorder effect and underlying phases through dipolar quantum simulators
- Shift of quantum critical point of discrete time crystal on a noisy quantum simulator
- Kinetically constrained cavity QED: from blockaded ferromagnetism to long-range quantum scars
- Emergent criticality in a constrained boson model
- Dynamics of defects and interfaces for interacting quantum hard disks
- Disorder-free localization transition in a two-dimensional lattice gauge theory
- Superselection-Resolved Entanglement in Lattice Gauge Theories: A Tensor Network Approach
- Preparing Code States via Seed-Entangler-Enriched Sequential Quantum Circuits: Application to Tetra-Digit Topological Error-Correcting Codes
- Pontryagin Maximum Principle for Rydberg-blockaded state-to-state transfers: A semi-analytic approach
- Shared purity and concurrence of a mixture of ground and low-lying excited states as indicators of quantum phase transitions
- Noisy Monitored Quantum Circuits
- Universal fluctuations of localized two interacting particles in one dimension
- High-efficiency loading of 2,400 Ytterbium atoms in optical tweezer arrays
- Optimizing the dynamical preparation of quantum spin lakes on the ruby lattice
- Shortcuts to Analog Preparation of Non-Equilibrium Quantum Lakes
- Simplex Crystal Ground State and Magnetization Plateaus in the Spin- Heisenberg Model on the Ruby Lattice
- Engineering the non-Hermitian Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with skin effects in Rydberg atom arrays