Tunable Confinement-Deconfinement Transition in an Ultracold Atom Quantum Simulator

Abstract

The one-dimensional lattice Schwinger model has recently been realized by using bosons in optical lattices. This model contains both confinement and deconfinement phases, whose phase diagram is controlled by the mass of the matter field and the topological angle. Since varying the mass of matter field is straightforward experimentally, we propose how to tune the topological angle, allowing accessing the entire phase diagram. We propose that direct experimental evidence of confinement and deconfinement can be obtained by measuring whether a physical charge is localized around a fixed gauge charge to screen it. We also discuss the PXP model realized in the Rydberg atoms array, which is equivalent to the lattice Schwinger model when all local gauge charges are fixed as zero. Although the gauge charges are fixed, we can alternatively probe the confinement and the deconfinement in the PXP model by studying the relative motion of a pair of a physical charge and an anti-charge. Our scheme can be directly implemented in these two relevant experimental platforms of ultracold atom quantum simulators.

8 pages, 6 figures

References in corpus (13)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Probing many-body dynamics on a 51-atom quantum simulator
• Many-Body Physics with Individually-Controlled Rydberg Atoms
• Controlling many-body dynamics with driven quantum scars in Rydberg atom arrays
• Emergent SU(2) dynamics and perfect quantum many-body scars
• Atomic Quantum Simulation of U(N) and SU(N) Non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theories
• A cold-atom quantum simulator for SU(2) Yang-Mills lattice gauge theory
• Atomic quantum simulator for lattice gauge theories and ring exchange models
• Simulating 2+1d Lattice QED with dynamical matter using ultracold atoms
• Systematic construction of scarred many-body dynamics in 1D lattice models
• Implementing quantum electrodynamics with ultracold atomic systems
• Discrete Abelian Gauge Theories for Quantum Simulations of QED
• Tuning the Topological $\theta$-Angle in Cold-Atom Quantum Simulators of Gauge Theories

Cited by in corpus (20)

• Tuning the Topological $\theta$-Angle in Cold-Atom Quantum Simulators of Gauge Theories
• Interrelated Thermalization and Quantum Criticality in a Lattice Gauge Simulator
• Functional building blocks for scalable multipartite entanglement in optical lattices
• Emergent Gauge Theory in Rydberg Atom Arrays
• A Cold-Atom Particle Collider
• $Abinitio$ derivation of lattice gauge theory dynamics for cold gases in optical lattices
• Ergodicity Breaking Under Confinement in Cold-Atom Quantum Simulators
• Gauge theory description of Rydberg atom arrays with a tunable blockade radius
• Large-Scale $2+1$D $\mathrm{U}(1)$ Gauge Theory with Dynamical Matter in a Cold-Atom Quantum Simulator
• Quantum Simulation of Two-Dimensional $\mathrm{U}(1)$ Gauge Theory in Rydberg and Rydberg-Dressed Atom Arrays
• Order-by-disorder and emergent Kosterlitz-Thouless phase in triangular Rydberg array
• Non-thermal dynamics in a spin-1/2 lattice Schwinger model
• Probing Confinement Through Dynamical Quantum Phase Transitions: From Quantum Spin Models to Lattice Gauge Theories
• Krylov Complexity Meets Confinement
• Quantum Simulation with Gauge Fixing: from Ising Lattice Gauge Theory to Dynamical Flux Model
• Geometric phase and multipartite entanglement of Rydberg atom chains
• Spacetime Supersymmetry in the Truncated Lattice Schwinger Model
• Mass-Assisted Local Deconfinement in a Confined ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Lattice Gauge Theory
• Partial confinement in a quantum-link simulator
• Quantum criticality and factorization in a constrained Rydberg spin chain