The dark matter crisis: falsification of the current standard model of cosmology

Abstract

The current standard model of cosmology (SMoC) requires The Dual Dwarf Galaxy Theorem to be true according to which two types of dwarf galaxies must exist: primordial dark-matter (DM) dominated (type A) dwarf galaxies, and tidal-dwarf and ram-pressure-dwarf (type B) galaxies void of DM. Type A dwarfs surround the host approximately spherically, while type B dwarfs are typically correlated in phase-space. Type B dwarfs must exist in any cosmological theory in which galaxies interact. Only one type of dwarf galaxy is observed to exist on the baryonic Tully-Fisher plot and in the radius-mass plane. The Milky Way satellite system forms a vast phase-space-correlated structure that includes globular clusters and stellar and gaseous streams. Other galaxies also have phase-space correlated satellite systems. Therefore, The Dual Dwarf Galaxy Theorem is falsified by observation and dynamically relevant cold or warm DM cannot exist. It is shown that the SMoC is incompatible with a large set of other extragalactic observations. Other theoretical solutions to cosmological observations exist. In particular, alone the empirical mass-discrepancy--acceleration correlation constitutes convincing evidence that galactic-scale dynamics must be Milgromian. Major problems with inflationary big bang cosmologies remain unresolved.

Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia (CSIRO Publishing), LaTeX, 51 pages, 16 figures. Minor changes: The Dual Dwarf Galaxy Theorem has been corrected, two additional failures of the SMoC added. The paper is published online early as an open access article here: http://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/AS12005.htm . It will appear in press in the December 2012 issue of PASA

References in corpus (17)

• Improved Cosmological Constraints from New, Old and Combined Supernova Datasets
• The Observed properties of Dark Matter on small spatial scales
• Hundreds of Milky Way Satellites? Luminosity Bias in the Satellite Luminosity Function
• Do Hot Haloes Around Galaxies Contain the Missing Baryons?
• Small Dwarf Galaxies Within Larger Dwarfs: Why Some Are Luminous While Most Go Dark
• TASI Lectures on the Cosmological Constant
• The Tensor-Vector-Scalar theory and its cosmology
• Associations of Dwarf Galaxies
• A Dark Core in Abell 520
• The orbital poles of Milky Way satellite galaxies: a rotationally supported disc-of-satellites
• Strange filamentary structures ("fireballs") around a merger galaxy in the Coma cluster of galaxies
• A Study of the Dark Core in A520 with Hubble Space Telescope: The Mystery Deepens
• Fundamental parameter-free solutions in Modified Gravity
• Coincidences of Dark Energy with Dark Matter -- Clues for a Simple Alternative?
• MOND and the mass discrepancies in tidal dwarf galaxies
• Central mass and luminosity of Milky Way satellites in the LCDM model
• Reconciling MOND and dark matter?

Cited by in corpus (145)

• Challenges for $\Lambda$CDM: An update
• A galaxy lacking dark matter
• Small scale problems of the $\Lambda$CDM model: a short review
• Galaxies as simple dynamical systems: observational data disfavor dark matter and stochastic star formation
• Dwarf Galaxy Planes: the discovery of symmetric structures in the Local Group
• The rotationally stabilized VPOS and predicted proper motions of the Milky Way satellite galaxies
• Co-orbiting satellite galaxy structures are still in conflict with the distribution of primordial dwarf galaxies
• The Three-Dimensional Structure of the M31 Satellite System; Strong Evidence for an Inhomogeneous Distribution of Satellites
• From galactic bars to the Hubble tension: weighing up the astrophysical evidence for Milgromian gravity
• The Planes of Satellite Galaxies Problem, Suggested Solutions, and Open Questions
• A Tale of Two Paradigms: the Mutual Incommensurability of LCDM and MOND
• Observational Challenges for the Standard FLRW Model
• The vast thin plane of M31 co-rotating dwarfs: an additional fossil signature of the M31 merger and of its considerable impact in the whole Local Group
• Probing the isotropy of cosmic acceleration traced by Type Ia supernovae
• The KBC void and Hubble tension contradict $\Lambda$CDM on a Gpc scale $-$ Milgromian dynamics as a possible solution
• Spatially-resolved stellar kinematics of the ultra diffuse galaxy Dragonfly 44. I. Observations, kinematics, and cold dark matter halo fits
• DGSAT: Dwarf Galaxy Survey with Amateur Telescopes I. Discovery of low surface brightness systems around nearby spiral galaxies
• Andromeda Dwarfs in Light of MOND. II. Testing Prior Predictions
• Gas dynamics in tidal dwarf galaxies: disc formation at z=0
• Rotation curves of high-resolution LSB and SPARC galaxies with fuzzy and multistate (ultra-light boson) scalar field dark matter
• An Alternative to Particle Dark Matter
• A statistical investigation of the mass discrepancy-acceleration relation
• Dark matters on the scale of galaxies
• The origin of the mass discrepancy-acceleration relation in $\Lambda$CDM
• The ultra-diffuse galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 with MUSE: II. The population of DF2: stars, clusters and planetary nebulae
• Fast galaxy bars continue to challenge standard cosmology
• The failures of the standard model of cosmology require a new paradigm
• Cosmology and Convention
• The M101 group complex: new dwarf galaxy candidates and spatial structure
• Andromeda Dwarfs in Light of MOND
• A massive blow for $\Lambda$CDM $-$ the high redshift, mass, and collision velocity of the interacting galaxy cluster El Gordo contradicts concordance cosmology
• Galactic rotation curves, the baryon-to-dark-halo-mass relation and space-time scale invariance
• On the persistence of two small-scale problems in ΛCDM
• Reproducing properties of MW dSphs as descendants of DM-free TDGs
• Tests and problems of the standard model in Cosmology
• MOND simulation suggests the origin of some peculiarities in the Local Group
• Dark-matter-deficient dwarf galaxies form via tidal stripping of dark matter in interactions with massive companions
• Does the dwarf galaxy system of the Milky Way originate from Andromeda?
• Breakdown of the Newton-Einstein Standard Gravity at Low Acceleration in Internal Dynamics of Wide Binary Stars
• The distribution and morphologies of Fornax Cluster dwarf galaxies suggest they lack dark matter
• Strong constraints on the gravitational law from $Gaia$ DR3 wide binaries
• A spectroscopic study of MATLAS-2019 with MUSE: an ultra-diffuse galaxy with an excess of old globular clusters
• Perseus I and the NGC 3109 association in the context of the Local Group dwarf galaxy structures
• A new formulation of the external field effect in MOND and numerical simulations of ultra-diffuse dwarf galaxies $-$ application to NGC 1052-DF2 and NGC 1052-DF4
• Testing the Strong Equivalence Principle. II. Relating the External Field Effect in Galaxy Rotation Curves to the Large-Scale Structure of the Universe
• Dwarf galaxy populations in present-day galaxy clusters - II. The history of early-type and late-type dwarfs
• A new spin on disks of satellite galaxies
• Chemo-dynamical evolution of tidal dwarf galaxies. I. Method and IMF dependence
• A New Statistical Model for Population III Supernova Rates: Discriminating Between $\Lambda$CDM and WDM Cosmologies
• Origin of the Local Group satellite planes
• Polar ring galaxies as tests of gravity
• Chemical evolution of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies in the self-consistently calculated IGIMF theory
• The Vast Polar Structure of the Milky Way Attains New Members
• Galaxies lacking dark matter in the Illustris simulation
• Dynamical effects of the scale invariance of the empty space: The fall of dark matter ?
• A tidal tale: detection of multiple stellar streams in the environment of NGC1052
• Gas dynamics in dwarf galaxies as testbeds for dark matter and galaxy evolution
• The ($NUV-r$) vs. $M_r$ as a tracer of early-type galaxies evolution in USGC U376 and LGG 225 groups
• The formation of exponential disk galaxies in MOND
• The High Fraction of Thin Disk Galaxies Continues to Challenge ΛCDM Cosmology
• Flattened velocity dispersion profiles in Globular Clusters: Newtonian tides or modified gravity?
• Catching Spiral - S0 transition in groups. Insights from SPH simulations with chemo-photometric implementation
• Patterns of galaxy spin directions in SDSS and Pan-STARRS show parity violation and multipoles
• A census of the expected properties of classical Milky Way dwarfs in Milgromian dynamics
• Understanding the internal dynamics of elliptical galaxies without non-baryonic dark matter
• Scalar field dark matter in clusters of galaxies
• The mass-metallicity relation of tidal dwarf galaxies
• The frequency and properties of young tidal dwarf galaxies in nearby gas-rich groups
• The Scale-Invariant Vacuum (SIV) Theory: A Possible Origin of Dark Matter and Dark Energy
• The distribution of galaxy rotation in JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey
• Distinguishing Dark Matter, Modified Gravity, and Modified Inertia with the Inner and Outer Parts of Galactic Rotation Curves
• The velocity field in MOND cosmology
• The ultra-diffuse dwarf galaxies NGC 1052-DF2 and 1052-DF4 are in conflict with standard cosmology
• Major Substructure in the M31 Outer Halo: the South-West Cloud
• Do ultra compact dwarf galaxies form monolithically or as merged star cluster complexes?
• Stellar Systems in the direction of the Hickson Compact Group 44 - I. Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
• Methodological Reflections on the MOND/Dark Matter Debate
• Galactic forces rule dynamics of Milky Way dwarf galaxies
• The globular cluster system of NGC1316. III. Kinematic complexity
• Photometric asymmetry between clockwise and counterclockwise spiral galaxies in SDSS
• The dynamical phase transitions of stellar systems and the corresponding kinetimacs
• Universe opacity and Type Ia supernova dimming
• A new line on the wide binary test of gravity
• Satellite accretion in action: a tidally disrupting dwarf spheroidal around the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 253
• Probing the isotropy of cosmic acceleration using different supernova samples
• The abundance of satellites depends strongly on the morphology of the host galaxy
• A correlation between the number of satellites and the baryonic bulge-to-total ratio extending beyond the Local Group
• Modified Dark Matter: Relating Dark Energy, Dark Matter and Baryonic Matter
• Dark Matter Realism
• The number of dwarf satellites of disk galaxies versus their bulge mass in the standard model of cosmology
• Directly testing gravity with Proxima Centauri
• The [alpha/Fe] ratios of very metal-poor stars within the IGIMF theory
• Not All Subhaloes Are Created Equal: Modelling the Diversity of Subhalo Density Profiles in TNG50
• Sedna and the cloud of comets surrounding the Solar System in Milgromian dynamics
• The satellite galaxy plane of NGC 4490 in light of ΛCDM - Sparsity of similarly extreme analogs and a possible role of satellite pairs
• The imprint of galaxy mergers on satellite planes in a cosmological context
• Optical spectroscopy of young tidal objects around two interacting galaxy pairs
• On the absence of backsplash analogues to NGC 3109 in the $\Lambda$CDM framework
• Pseudo-Evolution of Galaxies in LCDM Cosmology
• Predictions for the sky-averaged depth of the 21cm absorption signal at high redshift in cosmologies with and without non-baryonic cold dark matter
• Testing gravity with interstellar precursor missions
• New dwarf galaxy candidates in the sphere of influence of the Sombrero galaxy
• Merge and strip: dark matter-free dwarf galaxies in clusters can be formed by galaxy mergers
• MIFAL: fully automated Multiple-Image Finder ALgorithm for strong-lens modelling -- proof of concept
• General relativistic, nonstandard model for the dark sector of the Universe
• Investigating early-type galaxy evolution with a multi-wavelength approach. III. Insights from SPH simulations with chemo-photometric implementation
• Covariant formulation of refracted gravity
• An empirical consistent redshift bias: A possible direct reproducible observation of Zwicky's TL theory
• The specific frequency and the globular cluster formation efficiency in Milgromian dynamics
• Are Over-massive Haloes of Ultra Diffuse Galaxies Consistent with Extended MOND?
• Unveiling the Influence of Dark Matter in Axially Symmetric Galaxies
• The dynamics of three nearby E0 galaxies in refracted gravity
• Solution of the dark matter riddle within standard model physics: From black holes, galaxies and clusters to cosmology
• Galaxy rotation curve in hyperconical universes: a natural relativistic MOND
• Nonstandard approach to gravity for the dark sector of the Universe
• Isothermal distributions in MONDian gravity as a simple unifying explanation for the ubiquitous $\rho \propto r^{-3}$ density profiles in tenuous stellar halos
• Scale-invariant dynamics in the Solar System
• What if the universe expands linearly? A local general relativity to solve the "zero active mass" problem
• Exploring the Dark Matter Disc Model in Dwarf Galaxies: Insights from the LITTLE THINGS Sample
• Galaxy spin direction asymmetry in JWST deep fields
• Lessons from the Local Group (and beyond) on dark matter
• Scale Invariance at low accelerations (aka MOND) and the dynamical anomalies in the Universe
• Gas expulsion in MOND: the possible origin of diffuse globular clusters and ultra-faint dwarf galaxies
• A Modified Dynamical Model of Cosmology I. Theory
• A Study of the Properties and Dynamics of the Disk of Satellites in a Milky-Way-like Galaxy System
• Time dilation observed in Type Ia supernova light curves and its cosmological consequences
• Dark sector domain walls could explain the observed planes of satellites
• Can Massive Gravity Explain the Mass Discrepancy - Acceleration Relation of Disk Galaxies?
• UGC 7639: a Dwarf Galaxy in the Canes Venatici I Cloud
• Considering light-matter interactions in the Friedmann equations
• Dynamical modelling of disc vertical structure in superthin galaxy `UGC 7321' in braneworld gravity: An MCMC study
• The kinematics of star clusters undergoing gas expulsion in Newtonian and Milgromian dynamics
• A simple direct empirical observation of systematic bias of the redshift as a distance indicator
• IFUM Integrated Field Spectroscopy of Ten M104 Satellite Galaxy Candidates
• The Possible Emergence of an Attractive Inverse-Square Law from the Wave-Nature of Particles
• MOND and Methodology
• Modified gravitational collapse, or the wonders of the MOND
• Scaling relations of early-type galaxies in MOND
• Formation of dwarf ellipticals and dwarf irregular galaxies by interaction of giant galaxies under environmental influence
• The "Graviton Picture": a Bohr Model for Gravitation on Galactic Scales?
• Milgrom's Law and Lambda's Shadow: How Massive Gravity Connects Galactic and Cosmic Dynamics
• The tidal features of the classical Milky Way satellites: Expected in MOND but inconsistent with cold dark matter models
• Overestimated inclinations of Milgromian disc galaxies: the case of the ultradiffuse galaxy AGC 114905
• What is the amount of baryonic dark matter in galaxies?
• Investigating the origin of the Milky Way streams. A revised look at their orbital pole distribution in light of precession effects