SN 2005cs in M51 I. The first month of evolution of a subluminous SN II plateau

Abstract

Early time optical observations of supernova (SN) 2005cs in the Whirlpool Galaxy (M51), are reported. Photometric data suggest that SN 2005cs is a moderately under-luminous Type II plateau supernova (SN IIP). The SN was unusually blue at early epochs (U-B ~ -0.9 about three days after explosion) which indicates very high continuum temperatures. The spectra show relatively narrow P-Cygni features, suggesting ejecta velocities lower than observed in more typical SNe IIP. The earliest spectra show weak absorption features in the blue wing of the He I 5876A absorption component and, less clearly, of H$\beta$ and H$\alpha$. Based on spectral modelling, two different interpretations can be proposed: these features may either be due to high-velocity H and He I components, or (more likely) be produced by different ions (N II, Si II). Analogies with the low-luminosity, ${}^{56}$Ni-poor, low-velocity SNe IIP are also discussed. While a more extended spectral coverage is necessary in order to determine accurately the properties of the progenitor star, published estimates of the progenitor mass seem not to be consistent with stellar evolution models.

arXiv comment12 pages, 11 Figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (28)

• Maps of Dust IR Emission for Use in Estimation of Reddening and CMBR Foregrounds
• Observed and Physical Properties of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• The Distance to SN 1999em in NGC 1637 from the Expanding Photosphere Method
• Photometry and Spectroscopy of the Type IIP SN 1999em from Outburst to Dust Formation
• The Distance to SN 1999em from the Expanding Photosphere Method
• Low Luminosity Type II Supernovae: Spectroscopic and Photometric Evolution
• Abundances of metal-rich H II regions in M51
• Planetary Nebulae as standard candles XI. Application to Spiral Galaxies
• The Peculiar Type II Supernova 1997 D: A Case for a Very Low 56Ni Mass
• Detection of a red supergiant progenitor star of a type II-plateau supernova
• On the source of the late-time infrared luminosity of SN 1998S and other type II supernovae
• The Progenitor of SN 2005cs in the Whirlpool Galaxy
• Peculiar, Low Luminosity Type II Supernovae: Low Energy Explosions in Massive Progenitors?
• Identification of the Red Supergiant Progenitor of Supernova 2005cs: Do the Progenitors of Type II-P Supernovae Have Low Mass?
• Quantitative Spectroscopy of Photospheric-Phase Type II Supernovae
• Variety in Supernovae
• The Cepheid Distance to NGC 1637: A Direct Test of the EPM Distance to SN 1999em
• On The Progenitor of the Type II-Plateau Supernova 2003gd in Messier 74
• Preliminary Spectral Analysis of the Type II Supernova 1999em
• A Study of the Type II-P Supernova 2003gd in M74
• Hubble Space Telescope imaging of the progenitor sites of six nearby core-collapse supernovae
• Quantitative spectroscopic analysis of and distance to SN1999em
• On the Progenitor of the Type II Supernova 2004et in NGC 6946
• The fading of SN 1997D
• Strong effects of time-dependent ionization in early SN 1987A
• The Light Echo Around Supernova 2003gd in Messier 74
• Discovery of a Light Echo from Supernova 2003gd
• Early chemical enrichment of the universe and the role of very massive pop III stars

Cited by in corpus (127)

• Progenitors of core-collapse supernovae
• The death of massive stars - I. Observational constraints on the progenitors of type II-P supernovae
• The diversity of Type II supernova versus the similarity in their progenitors
• A new population of ultra-long duration gamma-ray bursts
• Interacting Supernovae and Supernova Impostors. SN 2009ip, is this the end?
• SN 2005cs in M51 II. Complete Evolution in the Optical and the Near-Infrared
• A panchromatic view of the restless SN2009ip reveals the explosive ejection of a massive star envelope
• The Broad-lined Type Ic SN 2003jd
• SN 2008ha: An Extremely Low Luminosity and Extremely Low Energy Supernova
• Type II-Plateau supernova radiation: dependencies on progenitor and explosion properties
• The Cosmic Core-collapse Supernova Rate does not match the Massive-Star Formation Rate
• A New Class of Luminous Transients and A First Census of Their Massive Stellar Progenitors
• Massive stars exploding in a He-rich circumstellar medium. I. Type Ibn (SN 2006jc-like) events
• Production of dust by massive stars at high redshift
• The first month of evolution of the slow rising type II-P SN 2013ej in M74
• SN 2008S: an electron capture SN from a super-AGB progenitor?
• Underluminous Type II Plateau Supernovae: II. Pointing towards moderate mass precursors
• Nucleosynthesis in Electron Capture Supernovae of AGB Stars
• Improved Standardization of Type II-P Supernovae: Application to an Expanded Sample
• Observational and Physical Classification of Supernovae
• The Standardized Candle Method for Type II Plateau Supernovae
• Optical and near infrared coverage of SN 2004et: physical parameters and comparison with other type IIP supernovae
• Type II supernova spectral diversity I: Observations, sample characterization and spectral line evolution
• Using Quantitative Spectroscopic Analysis to Determine the Properties and Distances of Type II-Plateau Supernovae: SNe 2005cs and 2006bp
• Supernova rates from the Southern inTermediate Redshift ESO Supernova Search (STRESS)
• Spectra of Hydrogen-Poor Superluminous Supernovae from the Palomar Transient Factory
• SN 1994W: An Interacting Supernova or Two Interacting Shells?
• A measurement of the Hubble constant from Type II supernovae
• SN 2006bp: Probing the Shock Breakout of a Type II-P Supernova
• Radiative Properties of Pair-instability Supernova Explosions
• Comparison of progenitor mass estimates for the type IIP SN 2012A
• A comparison between star formation rate diagnostics and rate of core collapse supernovae within 11 Mpc
• SN 2009md: Another faint supernova from a low mass progenitor
• Supernova rates from the SUDARE VST-Omegacam search. I
• Real-Time Detection and Rapid Multiwavelength Follow-up Observations of a Highly Subluminous Type II-P Supernova from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey
• Decoding the stellar fossils of the dusty Milky Way progenitors
• Evolution of progenitors for electron capture supernovae
• Short-Lived Circumstellar Interaction in the Low-Luminosity Type IIP SN 2016bkv
• The Type IIP SN 2007od in UGC 12846: from a bright maximum to dust formation in the nebular phase
• On the Progenitors of Two Type II-P Supernovae in the Virgo Cluster
• H-alpha Spectral diversity of type II supernovae
• Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Supernovae: The First Two Years of Swift Observations
• Progenitor mass of the type IIP supernova 2005cs
• Photospheric Magnitude Diagrams for Type II Supernovae: A Promising Tool to Compute Distances
• SN 2009E: a faint clone of SN 1987A
• On the progenitor and early evolution of the type II supernova 2009kr
• Bolometric Light Curves for 33 Type II-Plateau Supernovae
• A very faint core-collapse supernova in M85
• Sn 2008in - bridging the gap between normal and faint supernovae of type IIP
• The bright Type IIP SN 2009bw, showing signs of interaction
• Time-dependent Effects in Photospheric-Phase Type II Supernova Spectra
• SN 2009kn - the twin of the Type IIn supernova 1994W
• A comparative study of Type II-P and II-L supernova rise times as exemplified by the case of LSQ13cuw
• The Massive Progenitor of the Possible Type II-Linear Supernova 2009hd in Messier 66
• Distance Determination To Eight Galaxies Using Expanding Photosphere Method
• Distance estimate and progenitor characteristics of SN 2005cs in M51
• A Global Model of The Light Curves and Expansion Velocities of Type II-Plateau Supernovae
• SN 2002cv: A Heavily Obscured Type Ia Supernova
• SN 2018zd: An Unusual Stellar Explosion as Part of the Diverse Type II Supernova Landscape
• Ruling out a massive-assymptoic giant-branch star as the progenitor of supernova 2005cs
• Measuring Expansion Velocities in Type II-P Supernovae
• Spectrophotometric templates for core collapse supernovae and their application in simulations of time-domain surveys
• Type IIP Supernova SN 2004et: A Multi-Wavelength Study in X-Ray, Optical and Radio
• Interacting supernovae and supernova impostors. LSQ13zm: an outburst heralds the death of a massive star
• Emission line models for the lowest-mass core collapse supernovae. I: Case study of a 9 $M_{\odot }$ one-dimensional neutrino-driven explosion
• Supernova 2012ec: Identification of the progenitor and early monitoring with PESSTO
• Early Ultraviolet, Optical and X-Ray Observations of the Type IIP SN 2005cs in M51 with Swift
• Nucleosynthesis in 2D Core-Collapse Supernovae of 11.2 and 17.0 M${}_{\odot }$ Progenitors: Implications for Mo and Ru Production
• Twelve type II-P supernovae seen with the eyes of Spitzer
• After the Fall: Late-Time Spectroscopy of Type IIP Supernovae
• Progenitors of low-luminosity Type II-Plateau supernovae
• Improved distance determination to M51 from supernovae 2011dh and 2005cs
• Kiso Supernova Survey (KISS): Survey Strategy
• Seven years of coordinated Chandra-NuSTAR observations of SN2014C unfold the extreme mass-loss history of its stellar progenitor
• Spectral modeling of type II supernovae II. A machine learning approach to quantitative spectroscopic analysis
• Optical and Ultraviolet Observations of A Low-Velocity Type II-Plateau Supernova 2013am in M65
• Cosmic Core-Collapse Supernovae from Upcoming Sky Surveys
• A low-energy explosion yields the underluminous Type IIP SN 2020cxd
• Mass discrepancy analysis for a select sample of Type II-Plateau supernovae
• The Iron Yield of Normal Type II Supernovae
• GALEX Spectroscopy of SN 2005ay suggests a UV spectral uniformity among type II-P supernovae
• Low-luminosity type IIP supernovae: SN 2005cs and SN 2020cxd as very low-energy iron core-collapse explosions
• SNe 2013K and 2013am: observed and physical properties of two slow, normal Type IIP events
• Circumstellar Medium Interaction in SN 2018lab, A Low-Luminosity II-P Supernova observed with TESS
• Reddening, Abundances, and Line Formation in SNe II
• Low luminosity Type II supernovae -- IV. SN 2020cxd and SN 2021aai, at the edges of the sub-luminous supernovae class
• Discovery of an intermediate-luminosity red transient in M51 and its likely dust-obscured, infrared-variable progenitor
• Exploring the efficacy and limitations of shock-cooling models: new analysis of Type II supernovae observed by the Kepler mission
• Hydrogen-rich Core Collapse Supernovae
• The SN 393 -- SNR RX J1713.7-3946 (G347.3-0.5) Connection
• Ejecta and progenitor of the low-luminosity Type IIP supernova 2003Z
• SN 2009js at the crossroads between normal and subluminous Type IIP supernovae: optical and mid-infrared evolution
• Observations of the luminous red nova AT 2021biy in the nearby galaxy NGC 4631
• Low luminosity Type II supernovae III. SN 2018hwm, a faint event with an unusually long plateau
• Type II Supernovae as Distance Indicators at Near-IR Wavelengths
• Luminous Type II supernovae for their low expansion velocities
• An updated Type II supernova Hubble diagram
• Supernova 2018cuf: A Type IIP supernova with a slow fall from plateau
• SN 2022acko: the First Early Far-Ultraviolet Spectra of a Type IIP Supernova
• Inferencing Progenitor and Explosion Properties of Evolving Core-collapse Supernovae from Zwicky Transient Facility Light Curves
• The low-luminosity type II SN\,2016aqf: A well-monitored spectral evolution of the Ni/Fe abundance ratio
• Neutrino follow-up with the Zwicky Transient Facility: Results from the first 24 campaigns
• SN 2015ba: A type IIP supernova with a long plateau
• SN 2018gj: A Short-plateau Type II Supernova with Persistent Blue-shifted H-alpha Emission
• The Late Time Optical Evolution of Twelve Core-Collapse Supernovae: Detection of Normal Stellar Winds
• SPIRITS 16tn in NGC 3556: A heavily obscured and low-luminosity supernova at 8.8 Mpc
• SN 2016esw: a luminous Type II supernova observed within the first day after the explosion
• SN 1999ga: a low-luminosity linear type II supernova?
• SN 2018is: a low-luminosity Type IIP supernova with narrow hydrogen emission lines at early phases
• Reeling in the Whirlpool: the distance to M 51 clarified by Cepheids and the Type IIP SN 2005cs
• A low-luminosity core-collapse supernova very similar to SN 2005cs
• ASASSN-18am/SN 2018gk : An overluminous Type IIb supernova from a massive progenitor
• DES16C3cje: A low-luminosity, long-lived supernova
• SN 2024ggi: another year, another striking Type II supernova
• The optical properties of three type II supernovae: 2014cx, 2014cy and 2015cz
• SN 2015an: a normal luminosity type II supernova with low expansion velocity at early phases
• A study in scarlet -- I. Photometric properties of a sample of Intermediate Luminosity Red Transients
• The discovery and classification of 16 supernovae at high redshifts in ELAIS-S1 - the Stockholm VIMOS Supernova Survey II
• The Formation of Electron-capture Supernovae: A Review
• SN 2022acko: a low-luminosity SNe IIP with signs of early circumstellar interaction
• Building spectral templates and reconstructing parameters for core collapse supernovae with CASTOR
• Intermediate-luminosity red transients: Spectrophotometric properties and connection to electron-capture supernova explosions
• Between Plateaus and Slopes: A Data-Driven Exploration of Spectral Diversity Across Type IIP/L Supernovae
• Relative frequencies of core-collapse supernovae as a function of metallicity: observations vs theoretical predictions
• Subluminous Type IIP SN 2024abfl as a Result of a Significantly Low-energy Fe-core Collapse
• SN 2018hfm : A Low-Energy Type II Supernova with Prominent Signatures of Circumstellar Interaction and Dust Formation
• SN 2019va: A Type IIP Supernova with Large Influence of Nickel-56 Decay on the Plateau-phase Light Curve