Strong effects of time-dependent ionization in early SN 1987A

Abstract

We study a time-dependent hydrogen ionization in the atmosphere of SN 1987A during the first month after the explosion. The model includes kinetics of hydrogen ionization and excitation, molecular hydrogen kinetics, and a time-dependent energy balance. The primary strong effect of the time-dependent ionization is the enhanced hydrogen ionization compared to the steady-state model. The time-dependent ionization provides a sufficient population of excited hydrogen levels to account for the observed H-alpha without invoking the external Ni-56. We find that the Ba II 6142 A line in SN 1987A can be reproduced for the LMC barium abundance. This resolves the long-standing problem of the unacceptably high barium overabundance in SN 1987A. The key missing factor that should be blamed for the "barium problem" is the time-dependent ionization. The modelling of the H-alpha profile on day 4.64 indicates the ratio of the kinetic energy to the ejected mass about 0.83 10^{50} erg/Msun.

arXiv comment13 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, submitted to A&A

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• Modelling Primordial Gas in Numerical Cosmology
• The Line Emission from the Circumstellar Gas Around SN 1987A
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• Resonance Averaged Photoionization Cross Sections for Astrophysical Models
• The Light Curve of Supernova 1987A: The Structure of the Presupernova and Radioactive Nickel Mixing
• Ionization freeze-out and barium problem in supernova 1987A

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