SN 2018is: a low-luminosity Type IIP supernova with narrow hydrogen emission lines at early phases

Abstract

We present a comprehensive photometric and spectroscopic study of the Type IIP SN 2018is. The $V$-band luminosity and the expansion velocity at 50 days post-explosion are $-$15.1$\pm$0.2 mag (corrected for A${}_V$=1.34 mag) and 1400 km s${}^{-1}$, classifying it as a low-luminosity SN II. The recombination phase in the $V$-band is shorter, lasting around 110 days, and exhibits a steeper decline (1.0 mag per 100 days) compared to most other low-luminosity SNe II. Additionally, the optical and near-infrared spectra display hydrogen emission lines that are strikingly narrow, even for this class. The Fe II and Sc II line velocities are at the lower end of the typical range for low-luminosity SNe II. Semi-analytical modelling of the bolometric light curve suggests an ejecta mass of $\sim$8 M${}_{\odot }$, corresponding to a pre-supernova mass of $\sim$9.5 M${}_{\odot }$, and an explosion energy of $\sim$0.40 $\times$ 10${}^{51}$ erg. Hydrodynamical modelling further indicates that the progenitor had a zero-age main sequence mass of 9 M${}_{\odot }$, coupled with a low explosion energy of 0.19 $\times$ 10${}^{51}$ erg. The nebular spectrum reveals weak [O I] $\lambda \lambda$6300,6364 lines, consistent with a moderate-mass progenitor, while features typical of Fe core-collapse events, such as He I, [C I], and [Fe I], are indiscernible. However, the redder colours and low ratio of Ni to Fe abundance do not support an electron-capture scenario either. As a low-luminosity SN II with an atypically steep decline during the photospheric phase and remarkably narrow emission lines, SN 2018is contributes to the diversity observed within this population.

25 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

References in corpus (93)

• Maps of Dust IR Emission for Use in Estimation of Reddening and CMBR Foregrounds
• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• Measuring Reddening with SDSS Stellar Spectra and Recalibrating SFD
• The Swift Ultra-Violet/Optical Telescope
• ATLAS: A High-Cadence All-Sky Survey System
• Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
• Core-Collapse Supernovae from 9 to 120 Solar Masses Based on Neutrino-powered Explosions
• HyperLEDA. III. The catalogue of extragalactic distances
• Nearby Supernova Rates from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search. II. The Observed Luminosity Functions and Fractions of Supernovae in a Complete Sample
• WISeREP - An Interactive Supernova Data Repository
• Nucleosynthesis and Remnants in Massive Stars of Solar Metallicity
• Homogeneous Photometry for Star Clusters and Resolved Galaxies. II. Photometric Standard Stars
• Explosions of O-Ne-Mg Cores, the Crab Supernova, and Subluminous Type II-P Supernovae
• Determining the Type, Redshift, and Age of a Supernova Spectrum
• Cosmicflows-3
• Observed and Physical Properties of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• An Empirical Relation between Sodium Absorption and Dust Extinction
• Characterizing the V-band light-curves of hydrogen-rich type II supernovae
• The diversity of Type II supernova versus the similarity in their progenitors
• Type II Supernovae: Model Light Curves and Standard Candle Relationships
• Design and operation of the ATLAS Transient Science Server
• An Analysis of the Shapes of Interstellar Extinction Curves. VII. Milky Way Spectrophotometric Optical-through-Ultraviolet Extinction and Its R-Dependence
• On the Source of the Dust Extinction in Type Ia Supernovae and the Discovery of Anomalously Strong Na I Absorption
• The Distance to SN 1999em from the Expanding Photosphere Method
• Low Luminosity Type II Supernovae: Spectroscopic and Photometric Evolution
• SN 2005cs in M51 II. Complete Evolution in the Optical and the Near-Infrared
• SOUSA: the Swift Optical/Ultraviolet Supernova Archive
• The progenitor mass of the Type IIP supernova SN 2004et from late-time spectral modeling
• Type II-Plateau supernova radiation: dependencies on progenitor and explosion properties
• Ultraviolet Light Curves of Supernovae with Swift Uvot
• The Peculiar Type II Supernova 1997 D: A Case for a Very Low 56Ni Mass
• Distance determinations using type II supernovae and the expanding photosphere method
• Nucleosynthesis in Electron Capture Supernovae of AGB Stars
• Underluminous Type II Plateau Supernovae: II. Pointing towards moderate mass precursors
• One Relation for All Wavelengths: The Far-Ultraviolet to Mid-Infrared Milky Way Spectroscopic R(V) Dependent Dust Extinction Relationship
• Photometric and Spectroscopic Properties of Type II-P Supernovae
• Measuring the Progenitor Masses and Dense Circumstellar Material of Type II Supernovae
• SN 2005cs in M51 I. The first month of evolution of a subluminous SN II plateau
• The Standardized Candle Method for Type II Plateau Supernovae
• The Progenitor of SN 2005cs in the Whirlpool Galaxy
• Peculiar, Low Luminosity Type II Supernovae: Low Energy Explosions in Massive Progenitors?
• Type II supernova spectral diversity I: Observations, sample characterization and spectral line evolution
• An optimal hydrodynamic model for the normal Type IIP supernova 1999em
• FUSE Measurements of Far-Ultraviolet Extinction. III. The Dependence on R(V) and Discrete Feature Limits from 75 Galactic Sightlines
• On The Progenitor of the Type II-Plateau Supernova 2003gd in Messier 74
• LOSS Revisited - II: The relative rates of different types of supernovae vary between low- and high-mass galaxies
• Low-Resolution Sodium D Absorption is a Bad Proxy for Extinction
• Radiative Properties of Pair-instability Supernova Explosions
• The Disappearance of the Progenitors of Supernovae 1993J and 2003gd
• The early detection and follow-up of the highly obscured Type II supernova 2016ija/DLT16am
• Comparison of progenitor mass estimates for the type IIP SN 2012A
• A meta analysis of core-collapse supernova ${}^{56}$Ni masses
• UBVRIz Light Curves of 51 Type II Supernovae
• Milky Way Mid-Infrared Spitzer Spectroscopic Extinction Curves: Continuum and Silicate Features
• Real-Time Detection and Rapid Multiwavelength Follow-up Observations of a Highly Subluminous Type II-P Supernova from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey
• The electron-capture origin of supernova 2018zd
• Short-Lived Circumstellar Interaction in the Low-Luminosity Type IIP SN 2016bkv
• The Nordic Optical Telescope
• Supernova Explosions of Super-Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars: Multicolor Light Curves of Electron-Capture Supernovae
• VLT detection of a red supergiant progenitor of the type IIP supernova 2008bk
• The fading of SN 1997D
• Sn 2008in - bridging the gap between normal and faint supernovae of type IIP
• SN 2009N: Linking normal and subluminous type II-P SNe
• Electron-capture supernovae exploding within their progenitor wind
• SpeX near-infrared spectroscopic extinction curves in the Milky Way
• Constraining the physical properties of Type II-P supernovae using nebular phase spectra
• SN 2009ib: A Type II-P Supernova with an Unusually Long Plateau
• Type II supernovae from the Carnegie Supernova Project-I. II. Physical parameter distributions from hydrodynamical modelling
• Emission line models for the lowest-mass core collapse supernovae. I: Case study of a 9 $M_{\odot }$ one-dimensional neutrino-driven explosion
• An HI Survey of Six Local Group Analogs. II. HI properties of group galaxies
• A new precise mass for the progenitor of the Type IIP SN 2008bk
• A semi-analytical light curve model and its application to type IIP supernovae
• Constraints on explosive silicon burning in core-collapse supernovae from measured Ni/Fe ratios
• Low-luminosity Type IIP Supernova 2016bkv with early-phase circumstellar interaction
• Optical and Ultraviolet Observations of A Low-Velocity Type II-Plateau Supernova 2013am in M65
• The role of radioactive nickel in shaping the plateau phase of Type II supernovae
• The Iron Yield of Normal Type II Supernovae
• Carnegie Supernova Project-II: Near-infrared Spectroscopic Diversity of Type II Supernovae
• Low-luminosity type IIP supernovae: SN 2005cs and SN 2020cxd as very low-energy iron core-collapse explosions
• SNe 2013K and 2013am: observed and physical properties of two slow, normal Type IIP events
• Low luminosity Type II supernovae -- IV. SN 2020cxd and SN 2021aai, at the edges of the sub-luminous supernovae class
• Circumstellar Medium Interaction in SN 2018lab, A Low-Luminosity II-P Supernova observed with TESS
• SN 2009js at the crossroads between normal and subluminous Type IIP supernovae: optical and mid-infrared evolution
• Progenitor properties of type II supernovae: fitting to hydrodynamical models using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods
• Type II Supernovae as Distance Indicators at Near-IR Wavelengths
• SN 2022acko: the First Early Far-Ultraviolet Spectra of a Type IIP Supernova
• The low-luminosity type II SN\,2016aqf: A well-monitored spectral evolution of the Ni/Fe abundance ratio
• SN 2015ba: A type IIP supernova with a long plateau
• Resolving the puzzle of type IIP SN 2016X
• Supernova 2018aoq and a distance to Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151
• A low-luminosity core-collapse supernova very similar to SN 2005cs
• SN 2019nyk: A rapidly declining Type II supernova with early interaction signatures
• The fast rise of the unusual Type IIL/IIb SN 2018ivc

Cited by in corpus (3)

• A long-lasting eruption heralds SN 2023ldh, a clone of SN 2009ip
• SN 2016iog: A fast declining Type II-L supernova with an ultra-faint tail, persistently interacting with circumstellar material
• Subluminous Type IIP SN 2024abfl as a Result of a Significantly Low-energy Fe-core Collapse