An Empirical Relation between Sodium Absorption and Dust Extinction

Abstract

Dust extinction and reddening are ubiquitous in astronomical observations and are often a major source of systematic uncertainty. We present here a study of the correlation between extinction in the Milky Way and the equivalent width of the NaI D absorption doublet. Our sample includes more than 100 high resolution spectra from the KECK telescopes and nearly a million low resolution spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We measure the correlation to unprecedented precision, constrain its shape, and derive an empirical relation between these quantities with a dispersion of order 0.15 magnitude in E(B-V). From the shape of the curve of growth we further show that a typical sight line through the Galaxy, as seen within the SDSS footprint, crosses about three dust clouds. We provide a brief guide on how to best estimate extinction to extragalactic sources such as supernovae, using the NaI D absorption feature, under a variety of circumstances.

MNRAS accepted

References in corpus (2)

• The Red Supergiant Progenitor of Supernova 2012aw (PTF12bvh) in Messier 95
• The Metal-Strong Damped Lyman-alpha Systems

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• WISE J005128.08+645651.7: An enigmatic R Coronae Borealis star
• Progenitor and Close-In Circumstellar Medium of Type II Supernova 2020fqv from High-Cadence Photometry and Ultra-Rapid UV Spectroscopy
• A long life of excess: The interacting transient SN 2017hcc
• SN 2018hfm : A Low-Energy Type II Supernova with Prominent Signatures of Circumstellar Interaction and Dust Formation
• A very low central oxygen mass in the peculiar type Ia SN 2010lp: further diversity at the low-luminosity end of SNe Ia
• Haffner 16 Redux: Revisiting a Young Cluster in the Outer Galaxy
• Precise physical parameters of three late-type eclipsing binary giant stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Reveals That SN 2015bh Is Much Fainter than Its Progenitor
• An infrared echo from a circumstellar disk in the hydrogen- and helium-poor SN 2024aecx
• The nearby He-rich superluminous supernova SN 2021bnw during photospheric phases