Early and Extensive Ultraviolet Through Near Infrared Observations of the Intermediate-Luminosity Type Iax Supernovae 2024pxl
arXiv:2505.04610 · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ade787
Abstract
We present ultraviolet (UV) through near-infrared (NIR) photometric and spectroscopic observations of the nearby SN 2024pxl, the third Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) in NGC 6384. SN 2024pxl is a Type Iax supernova (SN Iax) with an intermediate luminosity ( mag) and an average SN Iax light curve decline rate. SN 2024pxl was discovered 3 days after first light, and the rising light curve follows a single power law that is inconsistent with significant interaction with a companion star or circumstellar material. Our extensive NIR photometric coverage is comparable to that of the well-observed SNe Iax 2005hk and 2012Z, and we demonstrate that the colors of SNe Iax differ from normal SNe Ia and appear to be more homogeneous as a class. Spectroscopically, we report the earliest-ever NIR spectrum of a SN Iax as measured from maximum light ( days): a featureless continuum with similarities to a 9,000 K blackbody, and the line velocities are consistent with a mixed-ejecta structure, with C, Si, and Fe having similar velocities and velocity evolutions. We find a tentative correlation between the -band break Co II velocity 20 days post-peak and absolute magnitude, with more luminous SNe Iax showing faster Co II velocities. Our observations suggest that SN 2024pxl resulted from the thermonuclear disruption of a CO white dwarf star that undergoes deflagration burning.
18 pages, 12 figures. Published in ApJ
References in corpus (46)
- The Zwicky Transient Facility: System Overview, Performance, and First Results
- The All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) Light Curve Server v1.0
- Stellar Population Inference with Prospector
- The UKIRT Wide Field Camera ZYJHK Photometric System: Calibration from 2MASS
- Design and operation of the ATLAS Transient Science Server
- Secondary Maximum in the Near-Infrared Lightcurves of Type Ia Supernovae
- The Carnegie Supernova Project: Intrinsic Colors of Type Ia Supernovae
- The Wide Field Spectrograph (WiFeS): Performance and Data Reduction
- The Peculiar SN 2005hk: Do Some Type Ia Supernovae Explode as Deflagrations?
- The Carnegie Supernova Project I: Third Photometry Data Release of Low-Redshift Type Ia Supernovae and Other White Dwarf Explosions
- Comprehensive Observations of the Bright and Energetic Type Iax SN 2012Z: Interpretation as a Chandrasekhar Mass White Dwarf Explosion
- He-Accreting WDs: accretion regimes and final outcomes
- The evolution of the peculiar Type Ia supernova SN 2005hk over 400 days
- Slow-Speed Supernovae from the Palomar Transient Factory: Two Channels
- ZTF Early Observations of Type Ia Supernovae II: First Light, the Initial Rise, and Time to Reach Maximum Brightness
- Inferring More from Less: Prospector as a Photometric Redshift Engine in the Era of JWST
- Investigating the diversity of supernovae type Iax: A MUSE and NOT spectroscopic study of their environments
- The Spectroscopic Classification of Astronomical Transients (SCAT) Survey: Overview, Pipeline Description, Initial Results, and Future Plans
- High-Cadence, Early-Time Observations of Core-Collapse Supernovae From the TESS Prime Mission
- SN 2013aa and SN 2017cbv: Two Sibling Type Ia Supernovae in the spiral galaxy NGC 5643
- Carnegie Supernova Project-II: A new method to photometrically identify sub-types of extreme Type Ia Supernovae
- Still Brighter than Pre-Explosion, SN 2012Z Did Not Disappear: Comparing Hubble Space Telescope Observations a Decade Apart
- Defining Photometric Peculiar Type Ia Supernovae
- Explosive Nucleosynthesis in Near-Chandrasekhar-mass White Dwarf Models for Type Iax Supernovae: Dependence on Model Parameters
- SN 2019muj -- a well-observed Type Iax supernova that bridges the luminosity gap of the class
- JWST Low-Resolution MIRI Spectral Observations of SN~2021aefx: High-density Burning in a Type Ia Supernova
- Carnegie Supernova Project-II: Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to determine the location of the outer Ni in Type Ia Supernovae
- SN 2020kyg and the rates of faint Iax Supernovae from ATLAS
- Ground-based and JWST Observations of SN 2022pul: II. Evidence from Nebular Spectroscopy for a Violent Merger in a Peculiar Type-Ia Supernova
- The interaction of Type Iax supernova ejecta with a helium companion star
- Detecting the signatures of helium in type Iax supernovae
- Supernova Rates and Luminosity Functions from ASAS-SN I: 2014--2017 Type Ia SNe and Their Subtypes
- A Physical Basis for the H-band Blue-edge Velocity and Light-Curve Shape Correlation in Context of Type Ia Supernova Explosion Physics
- From Out of the Blue: Swift Links 2002es-like, 2003fg-like, and Early-Time Bump Type Ia Supernovae
- Observations of the low-luminosity Type Iax supernova 2019gsc: a fainter clone of SN 2008ha?
- A Tale of Two Type Ia Supernovae: The fast-declining siblings SNe 2015bo and 1997cn
- Carnegie Supernova Project-II: Near-infrared spectral diversity and template of Type Ia Supernovae
- An analysis of the spectroscopic signatures of layering in the ejecta of type Iax supernovae
- White dwarf deflagrations for Type Iax supernovae: Polarisation signatures from the explosion and companion interaction
- The DEHVILS Survey Overview and Initial Data Release: High-Quality Near-Infrared Type Ia Supernova Light Curves at Low Redshift
- Discovery and Follow-up of ASASSN-23bd (AT 2023clx): The Lowest Redshift and Least Luminous Tidal Disruption Event To Date
- Over 500 Days in the Life of the Photosphere of the Type Iax Supernova SN 2014dt
- SN 2020udy: a SN Iax with strict limits on interaction consistent with a helium-star companion
- Aperture-corrected spectroscopic type Ia supernova host galaxy properties
- An archival search for type Ia supernova siblings
- Observational properties of a bright type Iax SN 2018cni and a faint type Iax SN 2020kyg