paper

The Iron Yield of Normal Type II Supernovae

arXiv:2105.03268 · doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1335

Abstract

We present Ni mass estimates for 110 normal Type II supernovae (SNe II), computed here from their luminosity in the radioactive tail. This sample consists of SNe from the literature, with at least three photometric measurements in a single optical band within 95-320 d since explosion. To convert apparent magnitudes to bolometric ones, we compute bolometric corrections (BCs) using 15 SNe in our sample having optical and near-IR photometry, along with three sets of SN II atmosphere models to account for the unobserved flux. We find that the - and -band are best suited to estimate luminosities through the BC technique. The Ni mass distribution of our SN sample has a minimum and maximum of 0.005 and 0.177 M, respectively, and a selection-bias-corrected average of M. Using the latter value together with iron isotope ratios of two sets of core-collapse (CC) nucleosynthesis models, we calculate a mean iron yield of M for normal SNe II. Combining this result with recent mean Ni mass measurements for other CC SN subtypes, we estimate a mean iron yield 0.068 M for CC SNe, where the contribution of normal SNe II is 36 per cent. We also find that the empirical relation between Ni mass and steepness parameter () is poorly suited to measure the Ni mass of normal SNe II. Instead, we present a correlation between Ni mass, , and absolute magnitude at 50 d since explosion. The latter allows to measure Ni masses of normal SNe II with a precision around 30 per cent.

arXiv comment33 pages, 20 figures, 6 figures in appendix, accepted for publication to MNRAS

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