The double-peaked type Ic Supernova 2019cad: another SN 2005bf-like object

Abstract

We present the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of supernova (SN) 2019cad during the first $\sim 100$ days from explosion. Based on the light curve morphology, we find that SN 2019cad resembles the double-peaked type Ib/c SN 2005bf and the type Ic PTF11mnb. Unlike those two objects, SN 2019cad also shows the initial peak in the redder bands. Inspection of the g-band light curve indicates the initial peak is reached in $\sim 8$ days, while the r band peak occurred $\sim 15$ days post-explosion. A second and more prominent peak is reached in all bands at $\sim 45$ days past explosion, followed by and fast decline from $\sim 60$ days. During the first 30 days, the spectra of SN 2019cad show the typical features of a type Ic SN, however, after 40 days, a blue continuum with prominent lines of Si II $\lambda 6355$ and C II $\lambda 6580$ is observed again. Comparing the bolometric light curve to hydrodynamical models, we find that SN 2019cad is consistent with a pre-SN mass of 11 M${}_{\odot }$, and an explosion energy of $3.5\times 10^{51}$ erg. The light curve morphology can be reproduced either by a double-peaked ${}^{56}$Ni distribution with an external component of 0.041 M${}_{\odot }$ and an internal component of 0.3 M${}_{\odot }$ or a double-peaked ${}^{56}$Ni distribution plus magnetar model (P $\sim 11$ ms and B $\sim 26\times 10^{14}$ G). If SN 2019cad were to suffer from significant host reddening (which cannot be ruled out), the ${}^{56}$Ni model would require extreme values, while the magnetar model would still be feasible.

Accepted for publication in MNRAS

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