Limits on scalar-induced gravitational waves from the stochastic background by pulsar timing array observations

Abstract

Recently, the NANOGrav, PPTA, EPTA, and CPTA collaborations independently reported their evidence of the Stochastic Gravitational Waves Background (SGWB). While the inferred gravitational-wave background amplitude and spectrum are consistent with astrophysical expectations for a signal from the population of supermassive black-hole binaries (SMBHBs), the search for new physics remains plausible in this observational window. In this work, we explore the possibility of explaining such a signal by the scalar-induced gravitational waves (IGWs) in the very early universe. We use a parameterized broken power-law function as a general description of the energy spectrum of the SGWB and fit it to the new results of NANOGrav, PPTA and EPTA. We find that this approach can put constraints on the parameters of IGW energy spectrum and further yield restrictions on various inflation models that may produce primordial black holes (PBHs) in the early universe, which is also expected to be examined by the forthcoming space-based GW experiments.

7 pages, 2 figures, update some references

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Cited by in corpus (49)

• Cosmological Background Interpretation of Pulsar Timing Array Data
• Probing the equation of state of the early Universe with pulsar timing arrays
• The Detected Stochastic Gravitational Waves and Subsolar-Mass Primordial Black Holes
• Scalar induced gravitational waves in light of Pulsar Timing Array data
• Constraints on primordial curvature power spectrum with pulsar timing arrays
• Confronting sound speed resonance with pulsar timing arrays
• Implications of Nano-Hertz Gravitational Waves on Electroweak Phase Transition in the Singlet Dark Matter Model
• Did we hear the sound of the Universe boiling? Analysis using the full fluid velocity profiles and NANOGrav 15-year data
• Asymptotic tails of massive gravitons in light of pulsar timing array observations
• Induced Gravitational Wave interpretation of PTA data: a complete study for general equation of state
• Simultaneously probing the sound speed and equation of state of the early Universe with pulsar timing arrays
• Model-independent reconstruction of the primordial curvature power spectrum from PTA data
• Constraints On Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves Up To Third Order From Joint Analysis of BBN, CMB, And PTA Data
• Exploring the NANOGrav Signal and Planet-mass Primordial Black Holes through Higgs Inflation
• Probing the speed of scalar-induced gravitational waves with pulsar timing arrays
• Complete analysis of the background and anisotropies of scalar-induced gravitational waves: primordial non-Gaussianity $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ and $g_{\mathrm{NL}}$ considered
• Realisation of the ultra-slow roll phase in Galileon inflation and PBH overproduction
• Enhanced Curvature Perturbation and Primordial Black Hole Formation in Two-stage Inflation with a break
• Can the gravitational wave background feel wiggles in spacetime?
• NANOGrav hints for first-order confinement-deconfinement phase transition in different QCD-matter scenarios
• Bounds on Ultralight Dark Matter from NANOGrav
• Large fluctuations and Primordial Black Holes
• Enhancement of gravitational waves at Q-ball decay including non-linear density perturbations
• Null energy condition violation during inflation and pulsar timing array observations
• Unraveling the early universe's equation of state and primordial black hole production with PTA, BBN, and CMB observations
• Obviating PBH overproduction for SIGWs generated by Pulsar Timing Arrays in loop corrected EFT of bounce
• Quest for CMB spectral distortions to probe the scalar-induced gravitational wave background interpretation of pulsar timing array data
• Prospects for Taiji to detect a gravitational-wave background from cosmic strings
• Can we distinguish the adiabatic fluctuations and isocurvature fluctuations with pulsar timing arrays?
• Scalar induced gravitational waves in metric teleparallel gravity with the Nieh-Yan term
• Untangling PBH overproduction in $w$-SIGWs generated by Pulsar Timing Arrays for MST-EFT of single field inflation
• Angular bispectrum and trispectrum of scalar-induced gravitational waves: all contributions from primordial non-Gaussianity $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ and $g_{\mathrm{NL}}$
• Testing strengths, limitations and biases of current Pulsar Timing Arrays detection analyses on realistic data
• Stochastic gravitational wave background: birth from string-wall death
• Constraining the impact of standard model phase transitions on primordial black holes
• Fast Likelihood-free Reconstruction of Gravitational Wave Backgrounds
• Constraining ultra slow roll inflation using cosmological datasets
• Constraints on Non-Gaussian primordial curvature perturbation from the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA third observing run
• Interpreting Pulsar Timing Array data of Gravitational Waves with Ekpyrosis-Bouncing Cosmology
• Space-based optical lattice clocks as gravitational wave detectors in search for new physics
• Dark Matter Spike surrounding Supermassive Black Holes Binary and the Nanohertz Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
• Interplay between the muon $g-2$ anomaly and the PTA nHZ gravitational waves from domain walls in next-to minimal supersymmetric standard model
• Bayesian reconstruction of primordial perturbations from induced gravitational waves
• Implications for Pulsar Timing Arrays of Sub-solar Black Hole Detections: From LVK to Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer
• Multimodality in the Search for New Physics in Pulsar Timing Data and the Case of Kination-amplified Gravitational-wave Background from Inflation
• Loops in inflation with strongly non-geodesic motion
• Scalar-induced gravitational waves in spatially covariant gravity
• Circularly polarized gravitational waves from parity-violating scalar-tensor theory
• Purely quadratic non-Gaussianity from tachyonic instability: Primordial black holes and scalar-induced gravitational waves