Modulation Doping via a 2d Atomic Crystalline Acceptor

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2d) nano-electronics, plasmonics, and emergent phases require clean and local charge control, calling for layered, crystalline acceptors or donors. Our Raman, photovoltage, and electrical conductance measurements combined with \textit{ab initio} calculations establish the large work function and narrow bands of $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$ enable modulation doping of exfoliated, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) materials. Short-ranged lateral doping ($\le 65\text{nm}$) and high homogeneity are achieved in proximate materials with a single layer of \arucl. This leads to the highest monolayer graphene (mlg) mobilities ($4,900{\text{cm}}^2/\text{Vs}$) at these high hole densities ($3\times 10^{13}{\text{cm}}^{-2}$); and yields larger charge transfer to bilayer graphene (blg) ($6\times 10^{13}{\text{cm}}^{-2}$). We further demonstrate proof of principle optical sensing, control via twist angle, and charge transfer through hexagonal boron nitride (hBN).

References in corpus (8)

• Electrochemically Top Gated Graphene: Monitoring Dopants by Raman Scattering
• Optical Separation of Mechanical Strain from Charge Doping in Graphene
• Controlling electron-phonon interactions in graphene at ultra high carrier densities
• Spin-split band hybridization in graphene proximitized with $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$ nanosheets
• Graphene Transport at High Carrier Densities using a Polymer Electrolyte Gate
• The range of non-Kitaev terms and fractional particles in RuCl${}_3$
• Modulation Doping near Mott-Insulator Heterojunctions
• Unexpected hole doping of graphene by osmium adatoms

Cited by in corpus (31)

• Topology and geometry under the nonlinear electromagnetic spotlight
• Graphene/$\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$: An Emergent 2D Plasmonic Interface
• Charge-transfer Contact to a High-Mobility Monolayer Semiconductor
• Controlling magnetic exchange and anisotropy by non-magnetic ligand substitution in layered MPX3 (M = Ni, Mn; X = S, Se)
• Magnetic anisotropy reversal driven by structural symmetry-breaking in monolayer α-RuCl3
• Spin Photovoltaic Effect in Magnetic van der Waals Heterostructures
• Spin dynamics slowdown near the antiferromagnetic critical point in atomically thin FePS3
• Nanometer-scale lateral p-n junctions in graphene/$\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$ heterostructures
• Anomalous Quantum Oscillations in a Heterostructure of Graphene on a Proximate Quantum Spin Liquid
• Ultra-sharp lateral $p\text{-}n$ junctions in modulation-doped graphene
• Discovery of stable surfaces with extreme work functions by high-throughput density functional theory and machine learning
• Magnetic Anisotropy in Two-dimensional van der Waals Magnetic Materials and Their Heterostructures: Importance, Mechanisms, and Opportunities
• Direct visualization of the charge transfer in Graphene/$\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$ heterostructure
• Magnetoelectric generation of a Majorana-Fermi surface in Kitaev's honeycomb model
• Understanding and tuning magnetism in layered Ising-type antiferromagnet FePSe3 for potential 2D magnet
• Flat and Correlated Plasmon Bands in Graphene/$\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$ Heterostructures
• Magnetic anisotropy energies and metal-insulator transitions in monolayers of $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$ and OsCl${}_3$ on graphene
• Magnetic States of Graphene Proximitized Kitaev Materials
• Field-induced spin polarization in lightly Cr-substituted layered antiferromagnet NiPS3
• Giant anisotropic magnetoresistance in few-layer α-RuCl3 tunnel junctions
• Twisto-electrochemical activity volcanoes in Trilayer Graphene
• Magnetostriction of α-RuCl3 flakes in the zigzag phase
• Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering from Electronic Excitations in $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$ Nanolayers
• Evidence of Mott Insulator with Thermally Induced Melting Behavior in Kagome Compound Nb3Cl8
• Spin waves in doped graphene: a time-dependent spin-density-functional approach to collective excitations in paramagnetic two-dimensional Dirac fermion gases
• Identifying atomically thin crystals with diffusively reflected light
• Optical contrast analysis of α-RuCl${}_3$ nanoflakes on oxidized silicon wafers
• Ferroelectric switching of interfacial dipoles in $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$/graphene heterostructure
• Enhanced interlayer electron transfer by surface treatments in mixed-dimensional van der Waals semiconductor heterostructures
• Encapsulation epitaxy of air-stable monolayer superconducting films for quantum circuits and qubits
• Nanomechanical probing and strain tuning of the Curie temperature in suspended Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$ heterostructures