Quantum process tomography of a controlled-NOT gate
arXiv:quant-ph/0402166 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.080502
Abstract
We demonstrate complete characterization of a two-qubit entangling process - a linear optics controlled-NOT gate operating with coincident detection - by quantum process tomography. We use maximum-likelihood estimation to convert the experimental data into a physical process matrix. The process matrix allows accurate prediction of the operation of the gate for arbitrary input states, and calculation of gate performance measures such as the average gate fidelity, average purity and entangling capability of our gate, which are 0.90, 0.83 and 0.73, respectively.
4 pages, 2 figures. v2 contains new data corresponding to improved gate operation. Figure quality slightly reduced for arXiv
References in corpus (22)
- Quantum Cryptography
- Entanglement of Formation of an Arbitrary State of Two Qubits
- On the Measurement of Qubits
- Complete Characterization of a Quantum Process: the Two-Bit Quantum Gate
- Optical quantum computation using cluster states
- Complete quantum teleportation using nuclear magnetic resonance
- Probabilistic Quantum Logic Operations Using Polarizing Beam Splitters
- Ancilla-assisted quantum process tomography
- Tomography of Quantum Operations
- Realization of quantum process tomography in NMR
- Experimental Detection of Entanglement with Polarized Photons
- Single-photon quantum nondemolition detectors constructed with linear optics and projective measurements
- Quantum inference of states and processes
- Measuring a photonic qubit without destroying it
- Diagnosis, prescription and prognosis of a Bell-state filter by quantum process tomography
- Exploring Hilbert Space: accurate characterisation of quantum information
- Probabilistic manipulation of entangled photons
- Imprinting a complete information about a quantum channel on its output state
- Creation of maximally entangled photon-number states using optical fiber multiports
- Violation of Bell's Inequality with Photons from Independent Sources
- Exploiting quantum parallelism of entanglement for a complete experimental quantum characterization of a single qubit device
- Experimental investigation of pulsed entangled photons and photonic quantum channels
Cited by in corpus (297)
- Quantum Computing
- Review article: Linear optical quantum computing
- Photonic quantum technologies
- Multi-photon entanglement and interferometry
- Optical Quantum Computing
- Quantum computing with trapped ions
- Continuous-variable optical quantum state tomography
- Universal Linear Optics
- Silica-on-Silicon Waveguide Quantum Circuits
- Randomized Benchmarking of Quantum Gates
- Robust randomized benchmarking of quantum processes
- Photonic Boson Sampling in a Tunable Circuit
- Photonic quantum information processing: a concise review
- Assessing non-Markovian dynamics
- Quantum Teleportation Between Distant Matter Qubits
- Quantum Process Tomography: Resource Analysis of Different Strategies
- Demonstration of qubit operations below a rigorous fault tolerance threshold with gate set tomography
- Measuring measurement
- Quantum Tomography via Compressed Sensing: Error Bounds, Sample Complexity, and Efficient Estimators
- Integrated photonic quantum gates for polarization qubits
- Experimental realisation of Shor's quantum factoring algorithm using qubit recycling
- Quantum weak values
- Experimental demonstration of Shor's algorithm with quantum entanglement
- Single ion-qubit exceeding one hour coherence time
- Violation of the Leggett-Garg inequality with weak measurements of photons
- Linear Optics C-Phase gate made simple
- Experimental Analysis of a 4-Qubit Cluster State
- Quantum Process Tomography of a Universal Entangling Gate Implemented with Josephson Phase Qubits
- Demonstration of a simple entangling optical gate and its use in Bell-state analysis
- Experimental investigation of the entanglement-assisted entropic uncertainty principle
- Randomized benchmarking and process tomography for gate errors in a solid-state qubit
- Demonstration of an optical quantum controlled-NOT gate without path interference
- Optimal quantum control using randomized benchmarking
- Decoherence suppression by uncollapsing
- Efficient measurement of quantum dynamics via compressive sensing
- Gate Set Tomography
- Process tomography of ion trap quantum gates
- Photonic crystal fibre source of photon pairs for quantum information processing
- Complete and Deterministic discrimination of polarization Bell state assisted by momentum entanglement
- Experimental Teleportation of a Quantum Controlled-NOT Gate
- Manipulating biphotonic qutrits
- Quantum stochastic processes and quantum non-Markovian phenomena
- Adding control to arbitrary unknown quantum operations
- Quantum fidelity measures for mixed states
- Multi-photon quantum interference in a multi-port integrated photonic device
- High-dimensional optical quantum logic in large operational spaces
- Quantum computing on encrypted data
- Realization of reliable solid-state quantum memory for photonic polarization-qubit
- Complete Characterization of Quantum-Optical Processes
- Experimental Perfect Quantum State Transfer
- Quantum Storage of Three-Dimensional Orbital-Angular-Momentum Entanglement in a Crystal
- Multiplexed storage and real-time manipulation based on a multiple-degree-of-freedom quantum memory
- Phase-controlled integrated photonic quantum circuits
- Measuring Controlled-NOT and two-qubit gate operation
- Random access quantum information processors
- Benchmarking Gate Fidelities in a Si/SiGe Two-Qubit Device
- Modelling and Simulating the Noisy Behaviour of Near-term Quantum Computers
- Using Quantum Computers for Quantum Simulation
- Joint quantum measurements with minimum uncertainty
- Physical accessibility of non-completely positive maps
- Quantum teleportation between remote atomic-ensemble quantum memories
- Quantum process tomography and Linblad estimation of a solid state qubit
- Quantum process tomography of two-qubit controlled-Z and controlled-NOT gates using superconducting phase qubits
- Direct characterization of linear-optical networks
- Long lifetime and high-fidelity quantum memory of photonic polarization qubit by lifting Zeeman degeneracy
- Experimental estimation of one-parameter qubit gates in the presence of phase diffusion
- Experimental demonstration of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering game based on the All-Versus-Nothing proof
- Quantum Machine Learning: from physics to software engineering
- Complementary classical fidelities as an efficient criterion for the evaluation of experimentally realized quantum operations
- Solving Systems of Linear Equations with a Superconducting Quantum Processor
- Process tomography of field damping and measurement of Fock state lifetimes by quantum non-demolition photon counting in a cavity
- Demonstration of a Quantum Controlled-NOT Gate in the Telecom Band
- Fidelity of a Rydberg blockade quantum gate from simulated quantum process tomography
- High-fidelity operation of quantum photonic circuits
- Quantum Non-demolition Measurements on Qubits
- Experimental characterization of qutrits using SIC-POVMs
- A Quantum Hamiltonian Identification Algorithm: Computational Complexity and Error Analysis
- Operational approach to open dynamics and quantifying initial correlations
- Coherent storage of microwave excitations in rare-earth nuclear spins
- Quantum process tomography via completely positive and trace-preserving projection
- A controlled-NOT gate for frequency-bin qubits
- High contrast qubit interactions using multimode cavity QED
- The effect of noise correlations on randomized benchmarking
- Guaranteed violation of a Bell inequality without aligned reference frames or calibrated devices
- Optical Nondestructive Controlled-NOT Gate without Using Entangled Photons
- Experimental quantum process tomography of non trace-preserving maps
- Simulating the exchange of Majorana zero modes with a photonic system
- An introduction to operational quantum dynamics
- Optical Quantum Computation
- Quantum process tomography with coherent states
- Learning many-body Hamiltonians with Heisenberg-limited scaling
- Bayesian estimation of one-parameter qubit gates
- Compressed sensing quantum process tomography for superconducting quantum gates
- Quantum-Logic Gate between Two Optical Photons with an Average Efficiency above 40%
- Experimental cyclic inter-conversion between Coherence and Quantum Correlations
- Probing quantum processor performance with pyGSTi
- Practical, Reliable Error Bars in Quantum Tomography
- An All Optical Fibre Quantum Controlled-NOT Gate
- Experimental Estimation of Average Fidelity of a Clifford Gate on a 7-qubit Quantum Processor
- Tomographic measurements on superconducting qubit states
- Experimental realization of nondestructive discrimination of Bell states using a five-qubit quantum computer
- Experimental Realization of Two Qutrits Gate with Tunable Coupling in Superconducting Circuits
- An entangling quantum-logic gate operated with an ultrabright single photon-source
- Experimental Realization of Optimal Noise Estimation for a General Pauli Channel
- Direct Characterization of Quantum Dynamics: General Theory
- Plasmon assisted transmission of high dimensional orbital angular momentum entangled state
- Experimental Demonstration of Non-local Controlled-Unitary Quantum Gates Using a Five-qubit Quantum Computer
- Quantum process reconstruction based on mutually unbiased basis
- Extracting dynamical equations from experimental data is NP-hard
- Ancilla-Assisted Calibration of a Measuring Apparatus
- High-Fidelity Polarization Storage in a Gigahertz Bandwidth Quantum Memory
- Error-Mitigated Simulation of Quantum Many-Body Scars on Quantum Computers with Pulse-Level Control
- Speed limits in Liouville space for open quantum systems
- Universal, high-fidelity quantum gates based on superadiabatic, geometric phases on a solid-state spin-qubit at room temperature
- State Tomography: Hidden Differences
- Hardy's paradox and violation of a state-independent Bell inequality in time
- How state preparation can affect a quantum experiment: Quantum process tomography for open systems
- Scalable in-situ qubit calibration during repetitive error detection
- Design and characterization of integrated components for SiN photonic quantum circuits
- Scheme for direct measurement of a general two-qubit Hamiltonian
- On-demand Integrated Quantum Memory for Polarization Qubits
- The role of preparation in quantum process tomography
- Intrinsically narrowband pair photon generation in microstructured fibres
- Quantum Optical Systems for the Implementation of Quantum Information Processing
- Conditional control of donor nuclear spins in silicon using Stark shifts
- A proposed testbed for detector tomography
- Quantum state estimation with unknown measurements
- Projected Least-Squares Quantum Process Tomography
- Quantifying the nonclassicality of pure dephasing
- Benchmarking integrated photonic architectures
- Simplified Quantum Process Tomography
- High-fidelity, low-latency polarization quantum state transmissions over a hollow-core conjoined-tube fibre at around 800 nm
- Learning Temporal Quantum Tomography
- Optimal experiment design revisited: fair, precise and minimal tomography
- Experimental Demonstration of Decoherence-Free One-Way Information Transfer
- Variational quantum process tomography
- Analysis of a controlled phase gate using circular Rydberg states
- Quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping with linear optics logic gates
- Two-qubit decoherence mechanisms revealed via quantum process tomography
- Preparation of states in open quantum mechanics
- Experimental demonstration of selective quantum process tomography on an NMR quantum information processor
- Quantum gate identification: error analysis, numerical results and optical experiment
- On photonic controlled phase gates
- Experimental quantum channel simulation
- Demonstration of a quantum logic gate in a cryogenic surface-electrode ion trap
- Optimal quantum multi-parameter estimation and application to dipole- and exchange-coupled qubits
- Experimental detection of quantum channel capacities
- Spin Coherence During Optical Excitation of a Single NV Center in Diamond
- Quantum-enhanced tomography of unitary processes
- Quantum gate characterization in an extended Hilbert space
- Subspace benchmarking high-fidelity entangling operations with trapped ions
- Optimal linear optical implementation of a single-qubit damping channel
- A semi-agnostic ansatz with variable structure for quantum machine learning
- Character randomized benchmarking for non-multiplicity-free groups with applications to subspace, leakage, and matchgate randomized benchmarking
- Experimental Realization of a Photonic Bell-State Analyzer
- Quantum Tomographic Reconstruction with Error Bars: a Kalman Filter Approach
- Learning quantum states and unitaries of bounded gate complexity
- Minimum quantum run-time characterization and calibration via restless measurements with dynamic repetition rates
- Control-limited perfect state transfer, quantum stochastic resonance and many-body entangling gate in imperfect qubit registers
- Objective Compressive Quantum Process Tomography
- Adaptive schemes for incomplete quantum process tomography
- Universal compressive characterization of quantum dynamics
- Progress toward scalable tomography of quantum maps using twirling-based methods and information hierarchies
- On unitary reconstruction of linear optical networks
- Linear optics and quantum maps
- Simulated quantum process tomography of quantum gates with Rydberg superatoms
- Entanglement-Enhanced Quantum Key Distribution
- Demonstrating quantum nonlocality without entanglement
- Tomography of a spin qubit in a double quantum dot
- Electric g Tensor Control and Spin Echo of a Hole-Spin Qubit in a Quantum Dot Molecule
- Implementation of a generalized CNOT gate between fixed-frequency transmons
- Quantum process tomography of a controlled-phase gate for time-bin qubits
- Experimental Demonstration of Robust Bidirectional Quantum Optical Communications
- High-Fidelity Z-Measurement Error Correction of Optical Qubits
- Quantum process tomography of a high-dimensional quantum communication channel
- Incomplete quantum process tomography and principle of maximal entropy
- Single-Shot Quantum Process Tomography
- Robust Quantum Gates against Correlated Noise in Integrated Quantum Chips
- Experimental Liouvillian exceptional points in a quantum system without Hamiltonian singularities
- Identification of networking quantum teleportation on 14-qubit IBM universal quantum computer
- A Practical Introduction to Benchmarking and Characterization of Quantum Computers
- Low-Loss High-Fidelity Frequency-Mode Hadamard Gates Based on Electromagnetically Induced Transparency
- Photonic implementation of Majorana-based Berry phases
- Single-preparation unsupervised quantum machine learning: concepts and applications
- Certifying the presence of a photonic qubit by splitting it in two
- Implementing efficient selective quantum process tomography of superconducting quantum gates on the IBM quantum processor
- Activating Hidden Teleportation Power: Theory and Experiment
- Higher-order Process Matrix Tomography of a passively-stable Quantum SWITCH
- Entanglement generation using a controlled-phase gate for time-bin qubits
- Resource-efficient digital characterization and control of classical non-Gaussian noise
- Entanglement-Free Parameter Estimation of Generalized Pauli Channels
- Self-testing quantum states via nonmaximal violation in Hardy's test of nonlocality
- Experimentally generating and tuning robust entanglement between photonic qubits
- A chip-scale polarization-spatial-momentum quantum SWAP gate in silicon nanophotonics
- Squeezing and quantum approximate optimization
- Engineering of multi-dimensional entangled states of photon pairs using hyper-entanglement
- Complete characterization of the directly implementable quantum gates used in the IBM quantum processors
- Quantum Logic Between Distant Trapped Ions
- Error regions in quantum state tomography: computational complexity caused by geometry of quantum states
- One-way quantum computing in a decoherence-free subspace
- Efficient tomography of quantum-optical Gaussian processes probed with a few coherent states
- Non-Markovian dynamics under time-translation symmetry
- An Experimentally Verified Approach to non-Entanglement-Breaking Channel Certification
- Optimal processing of reversible quantum channels
- Tomography of time-dependent quantum spin networks with machine learning
- Quantum parallelism of the controlled-NOT operation: an experimental criterion for the evaluation of device performance
- On the Optimal Choice of Spin-Squeezed States for Detecting and Characterizing a Quantum Process
- Error-compensation measurements on polarization qubits
- Machine-learning based three-qubit gate for realization of a Toffoli gate with cQED-based transmon systems
- Quantum process tomography with unknown single-preparation input states
- Characterization of Quantum Frequency Processors
- A simple trapped-ion architecture for high-fidelity Toffoli gates
- Memory Effects in Quantum Processes
- Fault Models for Quantum Mechanical Switching Networks
- Gaussian intrinsic entanglement
- Hamiltonian tomography by the quantum quench protocol with random noise
- Efficient accessible bounds to the classical capacity of quantum channels
- Continuous-time dynamics and error scaling of noisy highly-entangling quantum circuits
- Quadrature Histograms in Maximum Likelihood Quantum State Tomography
- Experimental Investigation of Nonideal Two-qubit Quantum-state Filter by Quantum Process Tomography
- Efficient verification of bosonic quantum channels via benchmarking
- Modern compressive tomography for quantum information science
- Entanglement breaking channels and entanglement sudden death
- Boosted quantum teleportation
- Quantum process tomography of single photon quantum channels with controllable decoherence
- A simple representation of quantum process tomography
- The Generalized Quantization Schemes for Games and its Application to Quantum Information
- Yang-Lee Zeros in Quantum Phase Transition: An Entanglement Perspective
- Schmidt-number benchmark for genuine quantum memories and gates
- Scheme for coherent-state quantum process tomography via normally-ordered moments
- Full Quantum Process Tomography of a Universal Entangling Gate on an IBM's Quantum Computer
- Rapid characterisation of linear-optical networks via PhaseLift
- Characterization of optical quantum circuits using resonant phase shifts
- Process fidelity estimation of linear optical quantum CZ gate: A comparative study
- Gradient-descent methods for fast quantum state tomography
- Heralded processes on continuous-variable spaces as quantum maps
- Quantum process tomography of a Mølmer-Sørensen gate via a global beam
- Optimization of quantum state tomography in the presence of experimental constraints
- Estimating the precision for quantum process tomography
- Effects of Noise, Correlations and errors in the preparation of initial states in Quantum Simulations
- Continuous-variable quantum process tomography with squeezed-state probes
- Probing Bayesian credible regions intrinsically: a feasible error certification for physical systems
- One qubit almost completely reveals the dynamics of two
- Direct Characterization of Quantum Dynamics with Noisy Ancilla
- Fourier Quantum Process Tomography
- Distinguishing between statistical and systematic errors in quantum process tomography
- Effects of frequency correlation in linear optical entangling gate operated with independent photons
- On the general constraints in single qubit quantum process tomography
- Disti-Mator: an entanglement distillation-based state estimator
- High-fidelity quantum tomography with imperfect measurements
- Quantum Process Tomography of Unitary Maps from Time-Delayed Measurements
- Faithfulness and sensitivity for ancilla-assisted process tomography
- Neural network assisted quantum state and process tomography using limited data sets
- Sample-Optimal Quantum Process Tomography with Non-Adaptive Incoherent Measurements
- Cooperative behavior of qutrits with dipole-dipole interactions
- Pauli transfer matrix direct reconstruction: channel characterization without full process tomography
- Non-completely positive maps: properties and applications
- Efficient experimental characterization of quantum processes via compressed sensing on an NMR quantum processor
- Matchgate quantum computing and non-local process analysis
- Confidence polytopes for quantum process tomography
- Quantum controlled-Z gate for weakly interacting qubits
- Mixed-state certification of quantum capacities for noisy communication channels
- Discrimination of correlated and entangling quantum channels with selective process tomography
- Computational Assessment of Silicon Quantum Gate Based on Detuning Mechanism for Quantum Computing
- Efficient Quantum State Tracking in Noisy Environments
- Implementing Non-Projective Measurements via Linear Optics: an Approach Based on Optimal Quantum State Discrimination
- Detection of properties and capacities of quantum channels
- Retrieving space-dependent polarization transformations via near-optimal quantum process tomography
- Experimental Lower Bounds to the Classical Capacity of Quantum Channels
- Gaussian intrinsic entanglement for states with partial minimum uncertainty
- Agnostic Process Tomography
- Nearly query-optimal classical shadow estimation of unitary channels
- Quantum process tomography of structured optical gates with convolutional neural networks
- Lindblad-like quantum tomography for non-Markovian quantum dynamical maps
- Performance Assessment of Resonantly Driven Silicon Two-Qubit Quantum Gate
- Benchmarking quantum tomography completeness and fidelity with machine learning
- Teleportation-based quantum state tomography
- Quantum correlation generation capability of experimental processes
- Reliable confidence regions for quantum tomography using distribution moments
- Design and Analysis of Communication Protocols using Quantum Resources
- Twenty years of quantum contextuality at USTC
- A hybrid quantum-classical neural network with deep residual learning
- True experimental reconstruction of quantum states and processes via convex optimization
- Robustly decorrelating errors with mixed quantum gates
- Identification of Decoherence-Free Subspaces Without Quantum Process Tomography
- A controlled-NOT gate in a chain of qubits embedded in a spin field-effect transistor and its process tomography
- Quantum process matrices as images: new tools to design novel denoising methods
- Ancilla-Assisted Process Tomography with Bipartiete Mixed Separable States
- Is the matrix completion of reduced density matrices unique?
- Completely characterizing multimode nonlinear-optical quantum processes
- Quantum decoherence emulated in a classical device
- Several recent developments in estimation and robust control of quantum systems
- Room-Temperature Storage of Entanglement in a Silicon Carbide Quantum Node
- Ancilla Assisted Quantum Information Processing: General protocols and NMR implementations
- Quantum Assemblage Tomography
- Reliable optimization of arbitrary functions over quantum measurements
- Quantum Process Tomography with Digital Twins of Error Matrices