Quantum weak values

Abstract

We experimentally determine weak values for a single photon's polarization, obtained via a weak measurement that employs a two-photon entangling operation, and postselection. The weak values cannot be explained by a semiclassical wave theory, due to the two-photon entanglement. We observe the variation in size of the weak value with measurement strength, obtaining an average measurement of the S_1 Stokes parameter more than an order of magnitude outside of the operator's spectrum for the smallest measurement strengths.

4 pages, 2 figures

References in corpus (17)

• Quantum process tomography of a controlled-NOT gate
• How much time does a tunneling particle spend in the barrier region?
• Revisiting Hardy's Paradox: Counterfactual Statements, Real Measurements, Entanglement and Weak Values
• Experimental Realization of the Quantum Box Problem
• Direct measurement of superluminal group velocity and of signal velocity in an optical fiber
• Weak Values, Quantum Trajectories, and the Stony-Brook Cavity QED experiment
• Conditional preparation of single photons for scalable quantum-optical networking
• Fast light, slow light, and phase singularities: a connection to generalized weak values
• Measuring a photonic qubit without destroying it
• Extracting joint weak values with local, single-particle measurements
• Optical telecom networks as weak quantum measurements with post- selection
• Cherenkov radiation and superluminal particles
• Directly Observing Momentum Transfer in Twin-Slit "Which-Way" Experiments
• Counterfactual Statements and Weak Measurements: an Experimental Proposal
• Linear optics implementation of weak values in Hardy's paradox
• Weak Measurement of the Arrival Times of Single Photons and Pairs of Entangled Photons
• The Uncertainty Relation in "Which-Way" Experiments: How to Observe Directly the Momentum Transfer using Weak Values

Cited by in corpus (185)

• Ultrasensitive Beam Deflection Measurement via Interferometric Weak Value Amplification
• Direct Measurement of the Quantum Wavefunction
• Colloquium: Understanding Quantum Weak Values: Basics and Applications
• Metasurfaces for Quantum Photonics
• Measuring small longitudinal phase shifts: weak measurements or standard interferometry?
• Complete hyperentangled-Bell-state analysis for quantum communication
• Experimental joint weak measurement on a photon pair as a probe of Hardy's Paradox
• Nonperturbative theory of weak pre- and post-selected measurements
• Violation of Heisenberg's Measurement-Disturbance Relationship by Weak Measurements
• Experimental observation of the spin Hall effect of light on a nano-metal film via weak measurements
• Direct measurement of general quantum states using weak measurement
• Violation of the Leggett-Garg inequality with weak measurements of photons
• Weak values and the Leggett-Garg inequality in solid-state qubits
• Amplifying Single-Photon Nonlinearity Using Weak Measurement
• Direct observation of Hardy's paradox by joint weak measurement with an entangled photon pair
• Optimizing the Signal to Noise Ratio of a Beam Deflection Measurement with Interferometric Weak Values
• Full characterisation of polarisation states of light via direct measurement
• Precision frequency measurements with interferometric weak values
• Experimental Violation of Two-Party Leggett-Garg Inequalities with Semi-weak Measurements
• Quantum Cheshire Cats
• Grounding Bohmian Mechanics in Weak Values and Bayesianism
• Partial-measurement back-action and non-classical weak values in a superconducting circuit
• The quasiprobability behind the out-of-time-ordered correlator
• The significance of the imaginary part of the weak value
• A double-slit `which-way' experiment on the complementarity--uncertainty debate
• Weak Values are Interference Phenomena
• Manipulating a qubit through the backaction of sequential partial measurements and real-time feedback
• Joint quantum measurements with minimum uncertainty
• Improving the precision of weak measurements by postselection measurement
• Efficient multipartite entanglement purification with the entanglement link from a subspace
• Contextual Values of Observables in Quantum Measurements
• Observing Dirac's classical phase space analog to the quantum state
• Entanglement-assisted weak value amplification
• Quantum measurements with preselection and postselection
• Multiple-time states and multiple-time measurements in quantum mechanics
• Weak Measurements Beyond the Aharonov-Albert-Vaidman Formalism
• New wine in old bottles: Quantum measurement - direct, indirect, weak - with some applications
• Photonic spin Hall effect in topological insulators
• State tomography via weak measurements
• Measuring measurement--disturbance relationships with weak values
• Measuring incompatible observables of a single photon
• Quantum Non-demolition Measurements on Qubits
• Experimental test of universal complementarity relations
• Broadening the scope of weak quantum measurements II: Past and future measurement effects within a double Mach-Zehnder-interferometer setting
• Broadening the scope of weak quantum measurements I: A single particle accurately measured yet left superposed
• Charge sensing amplification via weak values measurement
• Optical Quantum Computation
• All-order evaluation of weak measurements: --- The cases of an operator $\mathbf{A}$ which satisfies the property ${\mathbf{A}}^2=1$ ---
• Certainty in Heisenberg's uncertainty principle: Revisiting definitions for estimation errors and disturbance
• Strange Weak Values
• Weak Values with Decoherence
• Experiment Investigating the Connection between Weak Values and Contextuality
• Weak values of electron spin in a double quantum dot
• Weak measurements with orbital angular momentum pointer states
• Ultra-sensitive phase estimation with white light
• Measurement of sub-pulse-width temporal delays via spectral interference induced by weak value amplification
• Semi-device-independent self-testing of unsharp measurements
• Quantum interference experiments, modular variables and weak measurements
• Complete characterization of post-selected quantum statistics using weak measurement tomography
• On Amplification by Weak Measurement
• Quantum sensors based on weak-value amplification cannot overcome decoherence
• Contextual-value approach to the generalized measurement of observables
• Pre- and post-selection, weak values, and contextuality
• Quasiprobabilistic Interpretation of Weak measurements in Mesoscopic Junctions
• Multipartite entanglement purification with quantum nondemolition detectors
• Weak measurement: Effect of the detector dynamics
• On the role of complex phases in the quantum statistics of weak measurements
• Uncertainty limits for quantum metrology obtained from the statistics of weak measurements
• Weak measurements with a qubit meter
• Full counting statistics of weak measurement
• Optimal preselection and postselection in weak measurements for observing photonic spin Hall effect
• Weak values are universal in von Neumann measurements
• Weak value amplification in a shot-noise limited interferometer
• Separating the classical and quantum information via quantum cloning
• Determination of weak values of quantum operators using only strong measurements
• Post-selected weak measurement beyond the weak value
• Weak-Value Amplification of light deflection by a dark atomic ensemble
• Protecting weak measurements against systematic errors
• State estimation: direct state measurement vs. tomography
• Stereographical visualization of a polarization state using weak measurements with an optical-vortex beam
• Enhanced weak-value amplification via photon recycling
• Geometric phase in weak measurements
• Using weak values to experimentally determine "negative probabilities" in a two-photon state with Bell correlations
• Weak measurement of photon polarization by back-action induced path interference
• Geometrical aspects of weak measurements and quantum erasers
• Tomography of many-body weak values: Mach-Zehnder interferometry
• Classical Field Approach to Quantum Weak Measurements
• Anomalous Weak Values and the Violation of a Multiple-measurement Leggett-Garg Inequality
• Estimation of a quantum interaction parameter using weak measurements: Theory and experiment
• Projective measurements can probe non-classical work extraction and time-correlations
• Weak and semiweak values in non-ideal spin measurements: an exact treatment beyond the asymptotic regime
• Quantum optical reconstruction scheme using weak values
• Experimental Realization of Sequential Weak Measurements of Arbitrary Non-commuting Pauli Observables
• Weak measurement with orthogonal pre-selection and post-selection
• The Quantum Cheshire Cat effect: Theoretical basis and observational implications
• Measuring Which-Path Information with Coupled Electronic Mach-Zehnder Interferometers
• Fock-state view of weak-value measurements and implementation with photons and atomic ensembles
• Feasible optical weak measurements of complementary observables via a single Hamiltonian
• Robust weak-measurement protocol for Bohmian velocities
• Suppressing technical noises in weak measurement by entanglement
• Weak value measurement with an incoherent measuring device
• Avoiding Loopholes with Hybrid Bell-Leggett-Garg Inequalities
• Reconstructing weak values without weak measurements
• Observing the "quantum Cheshire cat" effect with noninvasive weak measurement
• Testing sequential quantum measurements: how can maximal knowledge be extracted?
• Unifying theory of quantum state estimation using past and future information
• Entanglement-assisted scheme for nondemolition detection of the presence of a single photon
• Investigating the Effects of the Interaction Intensity in a Weak Measurement
• Realism-information complementarity in photonic weak measurements
• Test of weak measurement on a two- or three-qubit computer
• Sufficient conditions for uniqueness of the weak value
• How to simulate a quantum computer using negative probabilities
• Realization of quantum mechanical weak values of observables using entangled photons
• Leggett-Garg tests of macro-realism for multi-particle systems including double-well Bose-Einstein condensates
• Direct observation of temporal coherence by weak projective measurements of photon arrival time
• Universal Method to Estimate Quantum Coherence
• Qubit state tomography in superconducting circuit via weak measurements
• Implementing generalized measurements with superconducting qubits
• Weak Values as Context Dependent Values of Observables and Born's Rule
• Do weak values capture the complete truth about the past of a quantum particle?
• Quasi inversion of qubit channels
• Weak interference in the high-signal regime
• Estimating Pre- and Post-Selected Ensembles
• Anomalous Weak Values Without Post-Selection
• Delayed choice of paths selected by grin and snarl of quantum Cheshire Cat
• Direct experimental test of commutation relation via weak value
• Weak value amplification of atomic cat states
• Weak Values and Continuous-Variable Entanglement Concentration
• Gravitational red-shift and deflection of slow light
• Measurements of non local weak values
• Isolating noise and amplifying signal with quantum Cheshire cat
• Disembodiment of arbitrary number of properties in quantum Cheshire cat experiment
• Efficient quantum computing with weak measurements
• Robust Weak Measurements on Finite Samples
• Weak value amplification and beyond the standard quantum limit in position measurements
• Dimension-independent weak value estimation via controlled SWAP operations
• Quasi-inversion of quantum and classical channels in finite dimensions
• A Generalized framework of weak value amplification in path interference of polarized light for the enhancement of all possible polarization anisotropy effects
• The power of a control qubit in weak measurements
• Role of weak measurements on states ordering and monogamy of quantum correlation
• Joint weak value for all order coupling using continuous variable and qubit probe
• What do quantum "weak" measurements actually measure?
• Ascertaining the Uncertainty Relations via Quantum Correlations
• Cat state, sub-Planck structure and weak measurement
• Null weak values in multi-level systems
• Uncertainty limits of the information exchange between a quantum system and an external meter
• Detection of quantum interference without interference
• Interferometric weak value of polarization observable and differential Jones matrix algebra
• The negative probabilities and information gain in weak measurements
• Weak values under uncertain conditions
• Probabilistic magnetometry with two-spin system in diamond
• Obtaining a Single-Photon Weak Value from Experiments using a Strong (Many-Photon) Coherent State
• When a negative weak value -1 plays the counterpart of a probability 1
• Heralded Interaction Control between Quantum Systems
• Scalable symmetry detector and its applications by using beam splitters and weak nonlinearities
• Sensing electrons during an adiabatic coherent transport passage
• Quasiprobability distributions with weak measurements
• Estimation of temporal separation of slow light pulses in atomic vapors by weak measurement
• Trace decreasing quantum dynamical maps: Divisibility and entanglement dynamics
• Standard and Null Weak Values
• "Contextual weak values" of quantum measurements with positive measurement operators are not limited to the traditional weak value
• Weak measurements of non local variables
• Sequential unsharp measurement of photon polarization
• Overcoming experimental limitations in a non-linear two-qubit gate through postselection
• Weak cloning of an unknown quantum state
• No contextual advantage in non-paradoxical scenarios of two state vector formalism
• How to extract weak values from a mesoscopic electronic system
• Weak-measurement-based pseudospin pointer: A cost-effective scheme for precision measurement
• Re-interpretations of an experiment on the back-action in a weak measurement
• Time-resolved detection and mode-mismatch in a linear optics quantum gate
• Weak measurement of quantum superposition states in graphene
• Novel approach to neutron electric dipole moment search using weak measurement
• Precision Bounds for Characterising Quantum Measurements
• Device-independent secure correlations in sequential quantum scenarios
• Quantum state tomography on closed timelike curves using weak measurements
• Second-order nonlinear mixing in planar photonic crystal microcavities
• Interplay between strong and weak measurement: Comparison of three experimental approaches to weak value estimation
• Revisiting weak measurement in light of thermodynamics
• Macroscopic Violation of Duality Generated on a Laser Beam
• Solving the EPR paradox with pseudo-classical paths
• Experimental demonstration of quantum pigeonhole paradox
• Nonlocal Generalized Quantum Measurements of Spin Products Without Maximal Entanglement
• Spatio-Temporal Weak Measurement of Chiral Ultra short Laser Pulse
• Measuring Incompatible Observables with Quantum Neural Networks
• Time Derivatives of Weak Values