Hadron production in heavy ion collisions: Fragmentation and recombination from a dense parton phase

Abstract

We discuss hadron production in heavy ion collisions at RHIC. We argue that hadrons at transverse momenta P_T < 5 GeV are formed by recombination of partons from the dense parton phase created in central collisions at RHIC. We provide a theoretical description of the recombination process for P_T > 2 GeV. Below P_T = 2 GeV our results smoothly match a purely statistical description. At high transverse momentum hadron production is well described in the language of perturbative QCD by the fragmentation of partons. We give numerical results for a variety of hadron spectra, ratios and nuclear suppression factors. We also discuss the anisotropic flow v_2 and give results based on a flow in the parton phase. Our results are consistent with the existence of a parton phase at RHIC hadronizing at a temperature of 175 MeV and a radial flow velocity of 0.55c.

25 pages LaTeX, 18 figures; v2: some references updated; v3: some typos fixed

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• Strange hadrons as dense matter probes
• Nuclear and Quark Matter at High Temperature
• High-pT strange particle spectra and correlations in STAR
• Physics Revealed at Intermediate p_T
• Effects of Minijets on Hadronic Spectra and Azimuthal Harmonics in Au-Au Collisions at 200 GeV
• Hadron Correlations and Parton Recombination
• Radial flow afterburner for event generators and the baryon puzzle
• Bulk matter physics and its future at the Large Hadron Collider
• Qualitative and Quantitative Energy Loss?
• Measurements of Dihadron Correlations Relative to the Event Plane in Au+Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{\mathrm{NN}}}}=200$ GeV
• Evidence from Identified Particles for Active Quark and Gluon Degrees of Freedom
• Observation of modified hadronization in relativistic Au+Au collisions: a promising signature for deconfined quark-gluon matter
• A relativistic dissipative hydrodynamic description for systems including particle number changing processes
• Fractional Energy Loss and Centrality Scaling
• Investigating the scaling of higher-order flows in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Elliptic flow of hadrons via quark coalescence mechanism using Boltzmann transport equation for Pb+Pb collision at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=2.76 TeV
• ALICE overview
• $K^{\ast 0}$ and ${\Sigma }^{\ast }$ production in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 200 GeV and 62.4 GeV
• Multi-strange baryon correlations at RHIC
• Exploring the effect of hadron cascade-time on particle production in Xe+Xe collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.44 TeV through a multi-phase transport model
• Centrality dependence of the $N(\Omega )/N(\varphi )$ ratios and $\varphi$ $v_2$ - a test of thermalization in Au+Au collisions at RHIC
• Jet Propagation and Mach-Cone Formation in (3+1)-dimensional Ideal Hydrodynamics
• Evolution of mechanism of parton energy loss with transverse momentum at RHIC and LHC in relativistic collision of heavy nuclei
• Hadronization via Coalescence
• Gluon recombination in high parton density QCD: inclusive pion production
• NA57 main results
• Colour-singlet clustering of partons and recombination model for hadronization of quark-gluon plasma
• Hadronization via Recombination
• Decreasing elliptic flow at the LHC: Calculations in a parton recombination approach
• The thermal nature of high p_T photons in high energy nuclear collisions
• High p_T Hadron Correlation and No Correlation
• System size dependence of nuclear modification and azimuthal anisotropy of jet quenching
• Identified Particle Jet Correlations from PHENIX
• Elliptical flow coalescence to identify the $f_0$(980) content
• Identified particle correlation studies in central Au + Au collisions at sqrt(S)= 200 GeV
• Hadronization Approach for a Quark-Gluon Plasma Formed in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
• Transverse momentum distribution of net baryon number at RHIC
• Jet Tomography in the Forward Direction at RHIC
• Particle Production and Deconfinement Threshold
• Extracting strange quark freeze-out information in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=2.76 TeV from $\varphi$ and $\Omega$ production
• Optimal collision-energy range for realizing macroscopic high-baryon-density matter
• A New Phase of Matter: Quark-Gluon Plasma Beyond the Hagedorn Critical Temperature
• Universal Energy Dependence of Measured Temperatures for Baryons Produced in Heavy-ion Collisions
• Investigating radial flow-like effects via pseudorapidity and transverse spherocity dependence of particle production in pp collisions at the LHC
• Estimating Longitudinal Polarization of $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda }$ Hyperons at Relativistic Energies using Hydrodynamic and Transport models
• Higher order flow coefficients -- A Messenger of QCD medium formed in heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider
• Effects of hadronic reinteraction on jet fragmentation from small to large systems
• Anisotropic flow of charged and identified hadrons at FAIR energies and its dependence on the nuclear equation of state
• Productions of Heavy Flavored Mesons in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions in the Recombination Model
• Centrality dependence of $p_T$ spectra for identified hadrons in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV
• Revealing treacherous points for successful light-front phenomenological applications
• Light-front wavefunction dependence of the quark recombination
• Evolution of shower parton distributions in a jet from quark recombination model
• Properties of particle production at large transverse momentum in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at RHIC
• Influence of finite baryon density on hadronization in nucleus-nucleus collisions via recombination
• Strange hadron yields and ratios in heavy ion collisions at RHIC energy
• Strange hadron ratios from quark coalescence at RHIC and LHC
• $\pi$-$J/\psi$ Correlation and Elliptic Flow Parameter $v_2$ of Charmed Mesons at RHIC Energy
• The Flavours of the Quark-Gluon Plasma
• RHIC physics overview
• Hadron Production at Intermediate $p_T$ at RHIC
• Diomega production in relativistic heavy ion collisions
• SQM 2006: Theory Summary and Perspectives
• Exploring QCD with Heavy Ion Collisions
• Quark Recombination and Heavy Quark Diffusion in Hot Nuclear Matter
• Correlations in the Parton Recombination Model
• The Centrality Dependence of Strange Baryon and Meson Production in Cu+Cu and Au+Au sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV collisions
• Elliptic flow of $\varphi$-meson at intermediate $p_T$: Influence of mass versus quark number
• The effect of quark coalescence on conical signals
• Jet Correlations with Identified Particles from PHENIX: Methods and Results
• Azimuthal flow of decay photons in relativistic nuclear collisions
• Hadronization of Dense Partonic Matter
• Jet-Medium Interactions with Identified Particles
• Transverse momentum and multiplicity dependence of ${\Lambda }_c^{+}/D^0$ ratio in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV
• Hadronization and chirality in strongly interacting partonic matter - the future of the RHIC program
• Centrality, system size and energy dependences of charged-particle pseudo-rapidity distribution
• Hadron Production in Heavy Ion Collisions
• The charged-hadron/pion ratio at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
• Testing of coalescence mechanism in high energy heavy ion collisions using two-particle correlations with identified particle trigger
• Strangeness production in hadronic models and recombination models
• Production of Strange and Charm Hadrons in Pb+Pb Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 5.02 TeV
• $J/\psi$ production and elliptic flow parameter $v_2$ at LHC energy
• Jet Hadronization via Recombination of Parton Showers in Vacuum and in Medium
• D-meson production via sequential hadronization in high-energy nuclear collisions
• Multiplicity dependence of charm baryon and charm meson production in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 8.16 TeV
• Jets and Jet-like correlations in STAR
• Centrality and Transverse Spherocity dependent study of charged-particle production in Xe-Xe collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.44 TeV using PYTHIA8 Angantyr and AMPT models
• Systematic study of hadrons and their quark-component nuclear modification factors
• Studying Jets with Identified Particles in PHENIX
• Jet reshaping in heavy-ion collisions
• From RHIC to LHC
• Elliptic flow of charged hadrons in d+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 200 GeV using a multi-phase transport model
• Equation of State and Phase Transitions in the Nuclear and Hadronic Systems
• Statistical hadronization phenomenology in heavy ion collisions at SPS and RHIC energies
• R2D - The Case for a Comprehensive New RHIC-II Detector
• New Developments in Treacherous Points of Light-Front Dynamics
• An Experimental Overview of Results Presented at SQM 2006
• Quark and Gluon Degrees of Freedom in High-Energy Heavy Ion Collisions
• Correlations at intermediate $p_T$
• Insight from the elliptic flow of identified hadrons measured in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Signs of Thermalization from RHIC Experiments
• Proton/Pion ratios in Δϕwith respect to a jet in sqrt{s_{NN}} =200 GeV Au+Au collisions at STAR
• EPJ Featured Talk: First direct measurement of radial flow in heavy-ion collisions with ALICE
• Prospects for strangeness measurement in ALICE
• High transverse momentum identified particle spectra in 200 GeV collisions from STAR
• Theoretical summary: The First International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions