Number-of-constituent-quark scaling of elliptic flow: a quantitative study

Abstract

The number-of-constituent-quark (NCQ) scaling behavior of the elliptic flow of identified particles produced in A+A collisions is studied quantitatively using an empirical function that fits the experimental $v_2$ data available from the RHIC and LHC. The most common approach for NCQ scaling involves (1) doing a scaling of the experimental $v_2$ data of an identified particle with its NCQ, (2) doing the same to its transverse momentum or energy, then (3) combining all the scaled data and identifying the NCQ behavior by intuitively looking (since the measured experimental data are discrete). We define two variables $(d_1,d_2)$ to describe NCQ scaling quantitatively and simultaneously, and identify the approximate region where the NCQ scaling holds. This approach could be applied to study NCQ or other scaling phenomena in future experiments.

7 pages, 4 figures

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• Observation of abnormal suppression of ${\mathrm{f}}_0$(980) production in p$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Momentum correlation of light nuclei in Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.0 $\sim$ 7.7 GeV
• Probing the Chiral Magnetic Wave with charge-dependent flow measurements in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC
• Difference between signal and background of the chiral magnetic effect relative to spectator and participant planes in isobar collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{\mathrm{NN}}}}=200$ GeV
• Signatures of an $\alpha$ + core structure in ${}^{44}$Ti + ${}^{44}$Ti collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV by a multiphase transport model
• A deep learning approach for predicting multiple observables in Au+Au collisions at RHIC