Coalescence and flow in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions

Abstract

Using a density matrix approach to describe the process of coalescence, we calculate the coalescence probabilities and invariant momentum spectra for deuterons and antideuterons. We evaluate our expressions with a hydrodynamically motivated parametrization for the source at freeze-out which implements rapid collective expansion of the collision zone formed in heavy ion collisions. We find that the coalescence process is governed by the same lengths of homogeneity which can be extracted from HBT interferometry. They appear in the absolute cluster yield via an effective volume factor as well as in a quantum mechanical correction factor which accounts for the internal structure of the deuteron cluster. Our analysis provides a new interpretation for the parameters in the popular phenomenological coalescence model and for the effective overlap volume in Hagedorn's model for cluster production in pp collisions. Using source parameters extracted from a recent HBT analysis of two-pion correlations, we successfully describe deuteron and antideuteron production data from Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN SPS as measured by the NA44 and NA52 collaborations. We also confirm the recent finding by Polleri et al. that the different measured slopes of nucleon and deuteron transverse mass spectra require a transverse density profile of the source which is closer to a box than to a Gaussian shape.

21 pages (incl. 4 figures), revtex New version on March 16, 1999: We corrected a slight error in Sec. VII B which leads to some quantitative (but not qualitative) changes in Figs. 2. We also made an update of the references

References in corpus (6)

• Hadronic Expansion Dynamics in Central Pb+Pb Collisions at 158 GeV per Nucleon
• Local Thermodynamical Equilibrium and the Equation of State of Hot, Dense Matter Created in Au+Au Collisions at AGS
• Local Thermal and Chemical Equilibration and the Equation of State in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
• Effects of collective expansion on light cluster spectra in relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Reconstructing the Source in Heavy Ion Collisions from Particle Interferometry
• Low Freeze-out Temperature and High Collective Velocities in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

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