Triton-${}^3$He relative and differential flows as probes of the nuclear symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities

Abstract

Using a transport model coupled with a phase-space coalescence after-burner we study the triton-${}^3$He ratio, relative and differential transverse flows in semi-central ${}^{132}Sn{+}^{124}Sn$ reactions at a beam energy of 400 MeV/A. The neutron-proton ratio, relative and differential flows are also discussed as a reference. We find that similar to the neutron-proton pairs the triton-${}^3$He pairs also carry interesting information about the density dependence of the nuclear symmetry energy. Moreover, the nuclear symmetry energy affects more strongly the t-${}^3$He relative and differential flows than the ${\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{+}$ ratio in the same reaction. The t-${}^3$He relative flow can be used as a particularly powerful probe of the high-density behavior of the nuclear symmetry energy.

arXiv commentDiscussions added. Version accepted by PRC

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• Energy dependence of pion in-medium effects on π^-/π^+ ratio in heavy-ion collisions
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• Sensitivity of neutron to proton ratio toward the high density behavior of symmetry energy in heavy-ion collisions
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• Triton/${}^3$He ratio as an observable for neutron skin thickness
• Model dependence of isospin sensitive observables at high densities
• Influence of the treatment of initialization and mean-field potential on the neutron to proton yield ratios
• Effect of the momentum dependence of nuclear symmetry potential on the transverse and elliptic flows
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• Effects of the high-momentum tail of nucleon momentum distribution on the isospin-sensitive observables
• Competition between Coulomb and Symmetry Potential in Semi-peripheral Heavy-ion Collisions
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• Effects of the magnetic field on the spallation reaction implemented by BUU coupled with a phase-space coalescence afterburner