The Gemini Deep Deep Survey. VII. The Redshift Evolution of the Mass-Metallicity Relation

Abstract

We have investigated the mass-metallicity (M-Z) relation using galaxies at 0.4<z<1.0 from the Gemini Deep Deep Survey and Canada-France Redshift Survey. Deep K and z' band photometry allowed us to measure stellar masses for 69 galaxies. From a subsample of 56 galaxies, for which metallicity of the interstellar medium is also measured, we identified a strong correlation between mass and metallicity, for the first time in the distant Universe. This was possible because of the larger base line spanned by the sample in terms of metallicity (a factor of 7) and mass (a factor of 400) than in previous works. This correlation is much stronger and tighter than the luminosity-metallicity, confirming that stellar mass is a more meaningful physical parameter than luminosity. We find clear evidence for temporal evolution in the M-Z relation in the sense that at a given mass, a galaxy at z=0.7 tends to have lower metallicity than a local galaxy of similar mass. We use the z=0.1 SDSS M-Z relation, and a small sample of z=2.3 Lyman break galaxies with known mass and metallicity, to propose an empirical redshift-dependent M-Z relation, according to which the stellar mass and metallicity in small galaxies evolve for a longer time than in massive galaxies. This relation predicts that the generally metal poor damped Lyman-alpha galaxies have stellar masses of the order of 10^8.8 M_sun (with a dispersion of 0.7 dex) all the way from z=0.2 to z=4. The observed redshift evolution of the M-Z relation can be reproduced remarkably well by a simple closed-box model where the key assumption is an e-folding time for star formation which is higher or, in other words, a period of star formation that lasts longer in less massive galaxies than in more massive galaxies. Such a picture supports the downsizing scenario for galaxy formation.

ApJ in press

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• Far-infrared properties of infrared bright dust-obscured galaxies selected with IRAS and AKARI far-infrared all-sky survey
• Mass-Metallicity Relation for Local Analogs of High-Redshift galaxies: Implications for the Evolution of the Mass-Metallicity Relations
• Investigating the relationship between AGN activity and stellar mass in zCOSMOS galaxies at 0<z<1 using emission line diagnostic diagrams
• Super-Solar Metallicity in Weak Mg II Absorption Systems at z ~ 1.7
• The Early Chemical Enrichment Histories of Two Sculptor Group Dwarf Galaxies as Revealed by RR Lyrae Variables
• A search for damped Lyman-alpha systems towards radio-loud quasars I: The optical survey
• The Cosmic MeV Neutrino Background as a Laboratory for Black Hole Formation
• Star-forming galaxies in SDSS: signs of metallicity evolution
• AGN in dusty hosts: implications for galaxy evolution
• Simulating the Mass-Metallicity Relation from z=1
• Evolution of the Gas Mass Fraction of Progenitors to Today's Massive Galaxies: ALMA Observations in the CANDELS GOODS-S Field
• The mass--metallicity relation AKARI-FMOS infrared galaxies at $z\sim 0.88$ in the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep Survey Field
• Catalogue of model star clusters in the Milky Way and M31 galaxies
• The Fornax3D project: The environmental impact on gas metallicity gradients in Fornax cluster galaxies
• Evolution of oxygen and nitrogen abundances and nitrogen production mechanism in massive star-forming galaxies
• Milky Way type galaxies in a LCDM cosmology
• Quasar 2175 Å dust absorbers II: Correlation analysis and relationship with other absorption line systems
• CO Observations of the Host Galaxy of GRB000418 at z = 1.1
• X-shooter Observations of the Gravitational Lens System CASSOWARY 5
• Constraining C iii] Emission in a Sample of Five Luminous z = 5.7 Galaxies
• The anatomy of the NGC 5044 group -- II. Stellar populations and star-formation histories
• The mass-metallicity and fundamental metallicity relations in non-AGN and AGN-host galaxies
• The MZ relation for local star-forming galaxies
• Revisiting the fundamental metallicity relation with observation and simulation
• Evolution of the Mass-Metallicity relations in passive and star-forming galaxies from SPH-cosmological simulations
• The first gigayear of bulge star formation in Virgo ellipticals: constraints from their globular cluster systems
• GRBs and fundamental physics
• Luminosity Distribution of Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies at redshift z=1 in Cosmological Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic Simulations: Implications for the Metallicity Dependence of GRBs
• Light or heavy supermassive black hole seeds: the role of internal rotation in the fate of supermassive stars
• Effects of NII and H$\alpha$ Line Blending on the WFIRST Galaxy Redshift Survey
• The Redshift Evolution of the Relation between Stellar Mass, Star Formation Rate, and Gas Metallicity of Galaxies
• The Origin and Evolution of the Mass-Metallicity Relation using GalICS
• The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the HUDF: Constraining the Molecular Content at $\log (M_{\ast }/M_{\odot })\sim 9.5$ with CO stacking of MUSE detected $z\sim 1.5$ Galaxies
• The fundamental metallicity relation from SDSS (z~0) to VIPERS (z~0.7) Data selection or evolution
• A nearby GRB host galaxy: VLT/X-shooter observations of HG 031203
• The Distribution of Star Formation and Metals in the Low Surface Brightness Galaxy UGC 628
• Testing anthropic reasoning for the cosmological constant with a realistic galaxy formation model
• A spectroscopic measure of the star-formation rate density in dwarf galaxies at z~1
• Medium-resolution spectroscopy of galaxies with redshifts 2.3 < z < 3.5
• Gamma-ray burst host galaxies at low and high redshift
• Star formation in high redshift galaxies including Supernova feedback: effect on stellar mass and luminosity functions
• The metallicity evolution of blue compact dwarf galaxies from the intermediate redshift to the local Universe
• The luminous, massive and solar metallicity galaxy hosting the Swift gamma-ray burst, GRB 160804A at z = 0.737
• Origin of the Galaxy Mass-Metallicity-Star-Formation Relation
• Insights on star formation histories and physical properties of $1.2\le z\lesssim 4$ Herschel-detected galaxies
• Automated selection and characterization of emission-line sources in ACS WFC grism data
• Constraints on galactic outflows from the metallicity-stellar mass-SFR relation of EAGLE simulation and SDSS galaxies
• Evolution of Star Formation in the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey Field - II. Star Formation as a Function of Stellar Mass Between z=1.46 and z=0.63
• CO Multi-line Imaging of Nearby Galaxies (COMING). X. Physical conditions of molecular gas and the local SFR-Mass relation
• The Slow Flow Model of Dust Efflux in Local Star-Forming Galaxies
• A Method to improve line flux and redshift measurements with narrowband filters
• The influence of galaxy surface brightness on the mass-metallicity relation
• The contribution of X-ray binaries to the evolution of late-type galaxies: Evolutionary population synthesis simulations
• Extreme [OIII] Emitters at z $\sim$ 0.5
• Stellar populations of galaxies in the ALHAMBRA survey up to $z\sim 1$. III. The stellar content of the quiescent galaxy population during the last $8$ Gyr
• The MAGPI survey: The interdependence of the mass, star formation rate, and metallicity in galaxies at z~0.3
• Revisiting the Relationship between the Long GRB Rate and Cosmic Star Formation History Based on a Large Swift Sample
• Emission Line Metallicities From The Faint Infrared Grism Survey and VLT/MUSE
• The Cosmic Evolution of Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies
• Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies: Specific Star Formation Rate vs. Metallicity
• The Cosmic Chemical Evolution as seen by the Brightest Events in the Universe
• Near-UV Sources in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: The Catalog
• HST Hα grism spectroscopy of ROLES: a flatter low-mass slope for the z~1 SSFR--mass relation
• Does Amati Relation Depend on Luminosity of GRB's Host Galaxies?
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): The M-Z relation for galaxy groups
• Gas-phase metallicity of 27 galaxies at intermediate redshift
• The Lockman--SpReSO project. Main properties of infrared selected star-forming galaxies
• Both Stellar Mass and Gravitational Potential Shape the Gas-Phase Metallicity
• Metallicity distributions in and around galaxies
• AGN Host Galaxies
• Prospects for extending the Mass-Metallicity Relation to low mass at high redshift: a case study at z~1
• LSD and AMAZE: the mass-metallicity relation at z>3
• Low-Mass and Metal-Poor Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies
• GRB host galaxies with strong H${}_2$ absorption: CO-dark molecular gas at the peak of cosmic star formation
• SILCC -- IX. The multi-phase interstellar medium at low metallicity
• Chemical Abundances in Star-Forming Galaxies at High Redshift
• Panchromatic properties of galaxies in wide-field optical spectroscopic and photometric surveys
• Integral field spectroscopy with SINFONI of VVDS galaxies. II. The mass-metallicity relation at 1.2 < z < 1.6
• A model for the emission line galaxy luminosity function and flux ratios at high-redshifts
• Probing possible effects of circumgalactic media on the metal content of galaxies through the mass-metallicity relationship
• Constraining stellar properties of intervening damped Lyα and MgII absorbing galaxies toward GRB 050730