The Low Mass End of the Fundamental Relation for Gravitationally Lensed Star Forming Galaxies at 1<z<6

Abstract

We present VLT/X-shooter spectra of 13 galaxies in the redshift range 1< z < 6, which are strongly lensed by massive galaxy clusters. Spectroscopic redshifts are measured for nine galaxies, while three sources have redshifts determined from continuum breaks in their spectra. The stellar masses of the galaxies span four orders of magnitude between 10^7 and 10^11 M_sun and have luminosities at 1500 A rest-frame between 0.004 and 9 L^* after correcting for the magnification. This allows us to probe a variety of galaxy types from young, low-mass starburst galaxies to massive evolved galaxies. The lensed galaxies with stellar masses less than 10^10 M_sun have a large scatter compared to the fundamental relation between stellar mass, star formation rates and oxygen abundances. We provide a modified fit to the fundamental relation for low-mass, low-metallicity galaxies with a weaker dependence of the metallicity on either the star formation rate or stellar mass compared to low-redshift, high-mass and high-metallicity SDSS galaxies.

21 pages, Accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (21)

• The Mass-Metallicity Relation at z~2
• A Bayesian approach to strong lensing modelling of galaxy clusters
• 3D Lyman-alpha radiation transfer. I. Understanding Lyman-alpha line profile morphologies
• Combining Strong and Weak Gravitational Lensing in Abell 1689
• A complete sample of twelve very X-ray luminous galaxy clusters at z>0.5
• The optically unbiased GRB host (TOUGH) survey. I. Survey design and catalogs
• Cosmological Constraints from Strong Gravitational Lensing in Galaxy Clusters
• Rest-Frame Optical Spectra of Three Strongly Lensed Galaxies at z~2
• The formation and assembly of a typical star-forming galaxy at z~3
• Parametric Strong Gravitational Lensing Analysis of Abell 1689
• Discovery of a Very Bright Strongly-Lensed Galaxy Candidate at z ~ 7.6
• Gravitationally Lensed Galaxies at 2<z<3.5: Direct Abundance Measurements of Lya Emitters
• Resolved Spectroscopy of a Gravitationally Lensed L* Lyman-break Galaxy at z~5
• The optically unbiased GRB host (TOUGH) survey. V. VLT/X-shooter emission-line redshifts for Swift GRBs at z~2
• A spectacular giant arc in the massive cluster lens MACSJ1206.2-0847
• Discovery of A Very Bright, Strongly-Lensed z=2 Galaxy in the SDSS DR5
• First direct metallicity measurement of a lensed star-forming galaxy at z=1.7
• The direct oxygen abundances of metal-rich galaxies derived from electron temperature
• Discovery of a high-redshift Einstein ring
• Medium-resolution spectroscopy of FORJ0332-3557: Probing the interstellar medium and stellar populations of a lensed Lyman-break galaxy at z=3.77
• X-shooter Observations of the Gravitational Lens System CASSOWARY 5

Cited by in corpus (40)

• Galaxy Clusters Discovered via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in the 2500-square-degree SPT-SZ survey
• A dusty, normal galaxy in the epoch of reionization
• Using Lyman-alpha to detect galaxies that leak Lyman continuum
• Hubble Space Telescope Combined Strong and Weak Lensing Analysis of the CLASH Sample: Mass and Magnification Models and Systematic Uncertainties
• The MOSDEF Survey: The Evolution of the Mass-Metallicity Relation from $z=0$ to $z\sim 3.3$
• Mass and magnification maps for the Hubble Space Telescope Frontier Fields clusters: implications for high redshift studies
• Ultraviolet Emission Lines in Young Low Mass Galaxies at z~2: Physical Properties and Implications for Studies at z>7
• Spectroscopic detections of CIII]1909 at z~6-7: A new probe of early star forming galaxies and cosmic reionisation
• Ultraviolet spectra of extreme nearby star-forming regions --- approaching a local reference sample for JWST
• An Atlas of MUSE Observations towards Twelve Massive Lensing Clusters
• Gravitationally Lensed Galaxies at 2<z<3.5: Direct Abundance Measurements of Lya Emitters
• Evidence for a Hard Ionizing Spectrum from a z=6.11 Stellar Population
• A massive, dead disk galaxy in the early Universe
• A Critical Look at the Mass-Metallicity-SFR Relation in the Local Universe. I. An Improved Analysis Framework and Confounding Systematics
• The nature of giant clumps in distant galaxies probed by the anatomy of the Cosmic Snake
• The BOSS Emission-Line Lens Survey. IV. : Smooth Lens Models for the BELLS GALLERY Sample
• MUSE integral-field spectroscopy towards the Frontier Fields Cluster Abell S1063: I. Data products and redshift identifications
• The Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS). II. Gas-phase metallicity and radial gradients in an interacting system at z~2
• The most distant, luminous, dusty star-forming galaxies: redshifts from NOEMA and ALMA spectral scans
• HOLISMOKES. VIII. High-redshift, strong-lens search in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program
• MUSE observations of the lensing cluster SMACSJ2031.8-4036: new constraints on the mass distribution in the cluster core
• Assessing the sources of reionisation: a spectroscopic case study of a 30$\times$ lensed galaxy at $z\sim 5$ with Lyα, CIV, MgII, and [NeIII]
• The Main Sequence and the Fundamental Metallicity Relation in MaGICC Galaxies: Evolution and Scatter
• Evidence of very low metallicity and high ionization state in a strongly lensed, star-forming dwarf galaxy at z=3.417
• The BPT Diagram in Cosmological Galaxy Formation Simulations: Understanding the Physics Driving Offsets at High-Redshift
• Recovery and analysis of rest-frame UV emission lines in 2052 galaxies observed with MUSE at $1.5<z<6.4$
• The impact of very massive stars on the chemical evolution of extremely metal-poor galaxies
• Exploring Effects on Magnifications due to Line-of-Sight Galaxies in the Hubble Frontier Fields
• Metallicity calibrations based on auroral lines from PHANGS-MUSE data
• Spectroscopy of CASSOWARY gravitationally-lensed galaxies in SDSS: characterisation of an extremely bright reionization-era analog at $z=1.42$
• UNCOVERing the High-redshift AGN Population among Extreme UV Line Emitters
• Rest-frame UV and optical emission line diagnostics of ionised gas properties: a test case in a star-forming knot of a lensed galaxy at z~1.7
• A break in the high-redshift stellar mass Tully-Fisher relation
• The evolution and dependence of the local mass-metallicity relation
• Direct measurement of lensing amplification in Abell S1063 using a strongly lensed high redshift HII Galaxy
• Low Metallicity Galaxies from the Dark Energy Survey
• SDSS J1059+4251, a highly magnified z ~ 2.8 star-forming galaxy: ESI observations of the rest-frame UV spectrum
• COOL-LAMPS IV: A Sample of Bright Strongly-Lensed Galaxies at $3<z<4$
• Two Peculiar Fast Transients in a Strongly Lensed Host Galaxy
• Nitrogen abundances in star-forming galaxies 2.2 Gyr after the Big Bang are not elevated