Using Lyman-alpha to detect galaxies that leak Lyman continuum

Abstract

We propose to infer ionising continuum leaking properties of galaxies by looking at their Lyman-alpha line profiles. We carry out Lyman-alpha radiation transfer calculations in two models of HII regions which are porous to ionising continuum escape: 1) the so-called "density bounded" media, in which massive stars produce enough ionising photons to keep the surrounding interstellar medium transparent to the ionising continuum, i.e almost totally ionised, and 2) "riddled ionisation-bounded" media, surrounded by neutral interstellar medium, but with holes, i.e. with a covering factor lower than unity. The Lyman-alpha spectra emergent from these configurations have distinctive features: 1) a "classical" asymmetric redshifted profile in the first case, but with a small shift of the maximum of the profile compare to the systemic redshift (Vpeak < 150 km/s); 2) a main peak at the systemic redshift in the second case (Vpeak = 0 km/s), with, as a consequence, a non-zero Lyman-alpha flux bluewards the systemic redshift. Assuming that in a galaxy leaking ionising photons, the Lyman-alpha component emerging from the leaking star cluster(s) dominates the total Lyman-alpha spectrum, the Lyman-alpha shape may be used as a pre-selection tool to detect Lyman continuum (LyC) leaking galaxies, in objects with well determined systemic redshift, and high spectral resolution Lyman-alpha spectra (R >= 4000). The examination of a sample of 10 local starbursts with high resolution HST-COS Lyman-alpha spectra and known in the literature as LyC leakers or leaking candidates, corroborates our predictions. Observations of Lyman-alpha profiles at high resolution should show definite signatures revealing the escape of Lyman continuum photons from star-forming galaxies.

arXiv commentA&A in press

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• Linking UV spectral properties of MUSE Ly-alpha emitters at z>3 to Lyman continuum escape
• The Lyman $\alpha$ Reference Sample XIV: Lyman $\alpha$ imaging of 45 low redshift star-forming galaxies and inferences on global emission
• Crossing walls and windows: the curious escape of Lyman-$\alpha$ photons through ionised channels
• Testing an indirect method for identifying galaxies with high levels of Lyman continuum leakage
• RELICS-DP7: Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Dichromatic Primeval Galaxy at z ~ 7
• The Utility of Lyman-alpha Emission Lines as a Probe of Interactions between High Redshift Galaxies and their Environments
• Understanding the spatial variation of \ion{Mg}{II} and ionizing photon escape in a local LyC leaker
• Applications of Stellar Population Synthesis in the Distant Universe
• The MUSE Extremely Deep Field: Classifying the Spectral Shapes of Lya Emitting Galaxies
• Lyman Alpha Emitters and the 21cm Power Spectrum as Probes of Density-Ionization Correlation in the Epoch of Reionization
• Investigating the Lyman photon escape in local starburst galaxies with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph
• The Lyman-alpha and Continuum Origins Survey. I. Survey description and Ly$\alpha$ imaging
• Detections of [C II] 158 $\mu$m and [O III] 88 $\mu$m in a Local Lyman Continuum Emitter, Mrk 54, and its Implications to High-redshift ALMA Studies
• Lyman continuum leakage versus quenching with the James Webb Space Telescope: The spectral signatures of quenched star formation activity in reionization-epoch galaxies
• A public grid of radiative transfer simulations for Lyman-alpha and metal lines in idealised galactic outflows
• The Lyman-alpha and Continuum Origins Survey II: the connection between the escape of ionizing radiation and Lyman-alpha halos in star-forming galaxies
• Ionizing Radiation Escape from Low-Redshift Galaxies and Its Connection to Cosmic Reionization
• Identifying Lyα emitter candidates with Random Forest: learning from galaxies in CANDELS survey
• Modelling the escape of Lyman Continuum photons from galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization
• RELICS: Small Lensed $z\ge 5.5$ Galaxies Selected as Potential Lyman Continuum Leakers
• The Evolution of Lyman Alpha Emitter Line Widths from z=5.7 to z=6.6
• Distinguishing AGN from starbursts as the origin of double peaked Lyman-Alpha Emitters in the reionization era
• Fluorescent C II* 1335A emission spectroscopically resolved in a galaxy at z = 5.754
• A tentative $\sim$1000 km s${}^{-1}$ offset between the [CII] 158 $\mu$m and Ly$\alpha$ line emission in a star-forming galaxy at $z=7.2$
• A unique window into the Epoch of Reionisation: A double-peaked Lyman-$\alpha$ emitter in the proximity zone of a quasar at $z\sim 6.6$
• Modelling LAEs in the Epoch of Reionization with OBELISK
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: an observational evidence of density bounded region in a Lyman-$\alpha$ emitter
• Physically motivated modeling of LyC escape fraction during reionization
• Gamma-Ray Absorption By The Cosmic Lyman Continuum From Star-forming Galaxies
• CECILIA: Ultra-Deep Rest-Optical Spectra of Faint Galaxies at Cosmic Noon
• REBELS-IFU: Spatially Resolved Ionizing Photon Production Efficiencies of 12 Bright Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization
• Modelling the gas kinematics of an atypical Lyman-alpha emitting compact dwarf galaxy
• Unraveling the Lyman Continuum Emission of Ion3: Insights from HST multi-band imaging and X-Shooter spectroscopy
• A Lyman continuum analysis for $\sim 100$ galaxies at $z_{\text{spec}}\sim 3$ in the Abell 2744 Cluster Field
• Far-infrared observations of dust in Ly$\alpha$ emitters at z=2-6
• Extreme equivalent width-selected low-mass starbursts at $z=4-9$: insights into their role in cosmic reionization
• GA-NIFS: AGN activity in a Lyα emitter within a triple-AGN system anchored by a passive galaxy at z=3
• Ciii]$\lambda 1909$ emission as an alternative to Ly$\alpha$ in the reionization era: the dependence of Ciii] and Ly$\alpha$ at $3<z<4$ from the VANDELS survey