Modelling LAEs in the Epoch of Reionization with OBELISK

Abstract

Lya emitters (LAEs) are particularly useful objects for the study of the Epoch of Reionization. Lya profiles can be used to estimate the amount of ionizing photons that are able to escape the galaxies, and therefore to understand what objects contributed to reionization. However, Lya is a resonant line and its complex radiative transfer effects make the interpretation of the line challenging and require the use of appropriate radiative transfer methods for anything but the simplest gas distributions. With this work we aim to study the properties of simulated LAEs, and the robustness of these inferred properties under a change in the dust model. We also explore the Lyman Continuum (LyC) escape fraction of these galaxies and compare our results with observationally calibrated methods to infer this quantity from the Lya spectrum. We use the radiative transfer code RASCAS to perform synthetic observations of 13 flux-selected galaxies from the Obelisk simulation at redshift z = 6, towards the end of the Epoch of Reionization. Each galaxy was observed in Lya, ionizing and non-ionizing continuum from 48 different viewing angles. We show that the Lya profiles emitted from a galaxy present large variations with a change in viewing angle and that the relation between peak separation and Lya escape fraction is not as strong as previously found, as we find lines of sight with both low peak separation and low escape fraction, due to their dust content. We also show that the properties of the Lya line are reasonably robust under a change in dust model. Lastly, we compare the LyC escape fractions we derive from the simulation to three observationally calibrated methods of inferring this quantity. We determine that none of these relations reproduce the scatter that we find in our sample, and that high escape fraction lines of sight have both low peak separation and low dust extinction in the UV.

arXiv commentResubmitted to A&A after the first referee report

References in corpus (97)

• Seven-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• HEALPix -- a Framework for High Resolution Discretization, and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere
• Dust Grain Size Distributions and Extinction in the Milky Way, LMC, and SMC
• Cosmological Hydrodynamics with Adaptive Mesh Refinement: a new high resolution code called RAMSES
• In the Beginning: The First Sources of Light and the Reionization of the Universe
• Binary Population and Spectral Synthesis Version 2.1: construction, observational verification and new results
• Cosmic Reionization and Early Star-Forming Galaxies: A Joint Analysis of New Constraints from Planck and Hubble Space Telescope
• Dancing in the dark: galactic properties trace spin swings along the cosmic web
• Observational constraints on Cosmic Reionization
• Equation of State of the Photoionized Intergalactic Medium
• Reevaluating Old Stellar Populations
• Galaxy Zoo Green Peas: Discovery of A Class of Compact Extremely Star-Forming Galaxies
• 3D Lyman-alpha radiation transfer. I. Understanding Lyman-alpha line profile morphologies
• Reionization after Planck: The Derived Growth of the Cosmic Ionizing Emissivity now matches the Growth of the Galaxy UV Luminosity Density
• Cosmic Reionization after Planck: Could Quasars Do It All?
• Escape fraction of ionizing photons during reionization: effects due to supernova feedback and runaway OB stars
• Ionization State of Inter-Stellar Medium in Galaxies: Evolution, SFR-M_star-Z Dependence, and Ionizing Photon Escape
• Detection of high Lyman continuum leakage from four low-redshift compact star-forming galaxies
• The origin and implications of dark matter anisotropic cosmic infall on ~L* haloes
• RAMSES-RT: Radiation hydrodynamics in the cosmological context
• Conditions for Reionizing the Universe with A Low Galaxy Ionizing Photon Escape Fraction
• Low-redshift Lyman continuum leaking galaxies with high [OIII]/[OII] ratios
• Faint AGNs at z>4 in the CANDELS GOODS-S field: looking for contributors to the reionization of the Universe
• The Direct Detection of Lyman-Continuum Emission from Star-forming Galaxies at z~3
• Hydrogen reionisation ends by $z=5.3$: Lyman-$\alpha$ optical depth measured by the XQR-30 sample
• Using Lyman-alpha to detect galaxies that leak Lyman continuum
• Rapid Reionization by the Oligarchs: The Case for Massive, UV-Bright, Star-Forming Galaxies with High Escape Fractions
• Lyman Alpha Emitting Galaxies as a Probe of Reionization
• Lyman continuum leaking from the compact star-forming dwarf galaxy J0925+1403
• Extreme Feedback and the Epoch of Reionization: Clues in the Local Universe
• Escape of Ionizing Radiation from High Redshift Galaxies
• The Origin and Optical Depth of Ionizing Radiation in the "Green Pea" Galaxies
• Ly$\alpha$ emission from Green Peas: the role of circumgalactic gas density, covering, and kinematics
• J1154+2443: a low-redshift compact star-forming galaxy with a 46 per cent leakage of Lyman continuum photons
• Blossoms from black hole seeds: properties and early growth regulated by supernova feedback
• Fluctuating feedback-regulated escape fraction of ionizing radiation in low-mass, high-redshift galaxies
• Lyman-alpha spectral properties of five newly discovered Lyman continuum emitters
• A scheme for radiation pressure and photon diffusion with the M1 closure in RAMSES-RT
• Observations of the Lyman-$\alpha$ Universe
• Ly$\alpha$ profile, dust, and prediction of Ly$\alpha$ escape fraction in Green Pea Galaxies
• The Lyman Continuum Escape Survey: Ionizing Radiation from [O III]-Strong Sources at a Redshift of 3.1
• Monte Carlo Simulation of Lyman Alpha Scattering and Application to Damped Lyman Alpha Systems
• Escape of Lyman continuum radiation from local galaxies - Detection of leakage from the young starburst Tol 1247-232
• Gravity-driven Lyman-alpha blobs from cold streams into galaxies
• No evidence for a significant AGN contribution to cosmic hydrogen reionization
• Lyman alpha Radiative Transfer with Dust: Escape Fractions from Simulated High-Redshift Galaxies
• The Low-Redshift Lyman Continuum Survey II: New Insights into LyC Diagnostics
• The mean free path of ionizing photons at 5 < z < 6: evidence for rapid evolution near reionization
• The Far-Ultraviolet Continuum Slope as a Lyman Continuum Escape Estimator at High-redshift
• The LyA-LyC Connection: Evidence for an Enhanced Contribution of UV-faint Galaxies to Cosmic Reionization
• Lyman-alpha emission properties of simulated galaxies: interstellar medium structure and inclination effects
• The Opacity of the Intergalactic Medium Measured Along Quasar Sightlines at $z\sim 6$
• Lyman continuum leakage from low-mass galaxies with Mstar < 1.E8 Msun
• Shattering and coagulation of dust grains in interstellar turbulence
• Evidence of Gunn-Peterson damping wings in high-z quasar spectra: strengthening the case for incomplete reionization
• Large fluctuations in the hydrogen-ionizing background and mean free path following the epoch of reionization
• No missing photons for reionization: moderate ionizing photon escape fractions from the FIRE-2 simulations
• Interpreting ALMA Observations of the ISM During the Epoch of Reionisation
• A Detailed Study of Feedback from a Massive Star
• Reionization with galaxies and active galactic nuclei
• Understanding the escape of LyC and Ly$\alpha$ photons from turbulent clouds
• The origin of the escape of Lyman alpha and ionizing photons in Lyman Continuum Emitters
• The physics of Lyman-alpha escape from high-redshift galaxies
• Lyman Radiation Hydrodynamics of Turbulent H II Regions in Molecular Clouds: A Physical Origin of LyC Leakage and the Associated Ly$\alpha$ Spectra
• Large Opacity Variations in the High-Redshift Lyman-alpha Forest: the Signature of Relic Temperature Fluctuations from Patchy Reionization
• Beamed Lyman Alpha Emission through Outflow-Driven Cavities
• The Obelisk simulation: galaxies contribute more than AGN to HI reionization of protoclusters
• Optically-Thin Spatially-Resolved Mg II Emission Maps the Escape of Ionizing Photons
• The Low-Redshift Lyman Continuum Survey. Unveiling the ISM properties of low-$z$ Lyman continuum emitters
• Lyman alpha Emitting Galaxies in the Nearby Universe
• Semi-analytic forecasts for JWST -- IV. Implications for cosmic reionization and LyC escape fraction
• Improved Constraints on The Neutral Intergalactic Hydrogen Surrounding Quasars at Redshifts z>6
• Puzzling Lyman-alpha line profiles in green pea galaxies
• Mapping Neutral Hydrogen During Reionization with the Ly-alpha Emission from Quasar Ionization Fronts
• The THESAN project: ionizing escape fractions of reionization-era galaxies
• RASCAS: RAdiation SCattering in Astrophysical Simulations
• An Ultraluminous Lyman Alpha Emitter with a Blue Wing at z=6.6
• Minor Contribution of Quasars to Ionizing Photon Budget at z~6: Update on Quasar Luminosity Function at the Faint-end with Subaru/Suprime-Cam
• Can galactic outflows explain the properties of Ly-alpha emitters?
• Quasar Luminosity Function at z = 7
• Complex Lyman Alpha Profiles in Redshift 6.6 Ultraluminous Lyman Alpha Emitters
• Strong Lyman continuum emitting galaxies show intense CIV 1550 emission
• No strong dependence of Lyman continuum leakage on physical properties of star-forming galaxies at $3.1\lesssim \mathbf{z}\lesssim 3.5$
• UV absorption lines and their potential for tracing the Lyman continuum escape fraction
• Galactic inflow and wind recycling rates in the EAGLE simulations
• Simulating the diversity of shapes of the Lyman-$\alpha$ line
• Semi-analytic forecasts for JWST -- III. Intrinsic production efficiency of Lyman-continuum radiation
• Lyman-alpha spectroscopy of extreme [OIII] emitting galaxies at $z\simeq 2-3$: Implications for Ly$\alpha$ visibility and LyC leakage at $z>6$
• Semi-analytic forecasts for JWST -- V. AGN luminosity functions and helium reionization at z = 2-7
• A systematic study of the escape of LyC and Ly$\alpha$ photons from star-forming, magnetized turbulent clouds
• Tracing Lyman-alpha and Lyman Continuum Escape in Galaxies with Mg II Emission
• Double-peaked Lyman-$\alpha$ emission at z=6.803: a reionisation-era galaxy self-ionising its local HII bubble
• Lyman alpha and Lyman continuum emission of MgII-selected star-forming galaxies
• Strong C IV emission from star-forming galaxies: a case for high Lyman continuum photon escape
• Predicting LyC emission of galaxies using their physical and Ly$\alpha$ emission properties
• Gas flows in the circumgalactic medium around simulated high-redshift galaxies
• Properties and redshift evolution of star-forming galaxies with high [OIII]/[OII] ratios with MUSE at 0.28<z<0.85

Cited by in corpus (3)

• Ionizing Radiation Escape from Low-Redshift Galaxies and Its Connection to Cosmic Reionization
• The Lyman-alpha and Continuum Origins Survey II: the connection between the escape of ionizing radiation and Lyman-alpha halos in star-forming galaxies
• A unique window into the Epoch of Reionisation: A double-peaked Lyman-$\alpha$ emitter in the proximity zone of a quasar at $z\sim 6.6$