The Galaxy Population Hosting Gamma-Ray Bursts

Abstract

We present the most extensive and complete study of the properties for the largest sample (46 objects) of gamma-ray burst (GRB) host galaxies. The redshift interval and the mean redshift of the sample are 0<z<6.3 and z=0.96 (look-back time: 7.2 Gyr), respectively; 89% of the hosts are at z <~ 1.6. Optical-near-infrared (NIR) photometry and spectroscopy are used to derive stellar masses, star formation rates (SFRs), dust extinctions and metallicities. The average stellar mass is 10^9.3 M_sun, with a 1 sigma dispersion of 0.8 dex. The average metallicity for a subsample of 17 hosts is about 1/6 solar and the dust extinction in the visual band (for a subsample of 10 hosts) is A_V=0.5. We obtain new relations to derive SFR from [OII] or UV fluxes, when Balmer emission lines are not available. SFRs, corrected for dust extinction, aperture-slit loss and stellar Balmer absorption are in the range 0.01-36 M_sun yr^-1. The median SFR per unit stellar mass (specific SFR) is 0.8 Gyr^-1. Equivalently the inverse quantity, the median formation timescale is 1.3 Gyr. Most GRBs are associated with the death of young massive stars, more common in star-forming galaxies. Therefore GRBs are an effective tool to detect star-forming galaxies in the universe. Star-forming galaxies at z<1.6 are a faint and low-mass population, hard to detect by conventional optical-NIR surveys, unless a GRB event occurs. There is no compelling evidence that GRB hosts are peculiar galaxies. More data on the subclass of short GRB are necessary to establish the nature of their hosts.

33 pages, 18 figures, 11 tables, final version to appear in ApJ, January 20 issue. Figure 18 corrected

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• A Detection of Molecular Gas Emission in the Host Galaxy of GRB 080517
• A quiescent galaxy at the position of the long GRB 050219A
• Constraining the star formation histories of GRB Host Galaxies from their observed abundance patterns
• Is the metallicity of the progenitor of long gamma-ray bursts really low?
• Hypernova and Gamma-Ray Burst Remnants as TeV Unidentified Sources
• A nearby GRB host prototype for z~7 Lyman-break galaxies: Spitzer-IRS and X-shooter spectroscopy of the host galaxy of GRB031203
• The host galaxy of GRB 980425 / SN1998bw: a collisional ring galaxy
• A Molecular gas rich GRB host galaxy at the peak of cosmic star formation
• Cocoon cooling emission in neutron star mergers
• The large landscape of supernova, GRB and cocoon interactions
• Reconciling the GRB rate and star formation histories
• Statistical Study of the Swift X-ray Flash and X-ray Rich Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Properties of Long Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies in Cosmological Simulation
• The first Infrared study of the close environment of a long Gamma-Ray Burst
• The redshift selected sample of long gamma-ray burst host galaxies: the overall metallicity distribution at $z<0.4$
• The afterglow and host galaxy of GRB 090205: evidence for a Ly-alpha emitter at z=4.65
• A census of OBe stars in nearby metal-poor dwarf galaxies reveals a high fraction of extreme rotators
• On the Environment of Short Gamma-ray Bursts
• A Comparative Study of Long and Short GRBs. II. A Multi-wavelength Method to distinguish Type II (massive star) and Type I (compact star) GRBs
• A search for the afterglows, kilonovae, and host galaxies of two short GRBs: GRB 211106A and GRB 211227A
• GRB 140102A: Insight into Prompt Spectral Evolution and Early Optical Afterglow Emission
• Constraining the intrinsic population of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts: implications for spectral correlations, cosmic evolution and their use as tracers of star formation
• Metallicity Measurements of Gamma-Ray Burst and Supernova Explosion Sites: Lessons from HII regions in M31
• A detailed spectral study of GRB 041219A and its host galaxy
• N/O abundance ratios in gamma-ray burst and supernova host galaxies at z<4. Comparison with AGN, starburst and HII regions
• Constraints on Obscured Star Formation in Host Galaxies of Gamma-ray Bursts
• Unveiling the Secrets of Gamma Ray Bursts
• Deciphering the unusual stellar progenitor of GRB 210704A
• GRB 050502B optical afterglow: a jet break at high redshift
• ALMA Observations of the Host Galaxy of GRB090423 at z=8.23: Deep Limits on Obscured Star Formation 630 Million Years After the Big Bang
• GRB 180418A: A possibly-short GRB with a wide-angle outflow in a faint host galaxy
• Highly Extinguished Host Galaxy of the Dark GRB 020819
• Spectral classification of emission-line galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. II. A supplementary diagnostic for AGNs using the Dn(4000) index
• GRB 070125 and the environments of spectral-line poor afterglow absorbers
• Ideal Engine Durations For Gamma-Ray-Burst-Jet Launch
• GRB 051008: A long, spectrally-hard dust-obscured GRB in a Lyman-Break Galaxy at z ~ 2.8
• Cosmic explosions, life in the Universe and the Cosmological Constant
• CO Observations of the Host Galaxy of GRB000418 at z = 1.1
• Photometric studies on the host galaxies of gamma-ray bursts using 3.6m Devasthal Optical Telescope
• Constraining the Molecular Gas in the Environs of a z~8 Gamma Ray Burst Host Galaxy
• Origin Of The High Energy Cosmic Neutrino Background
• Radio Observations of GRB Host Galaxies
• Can life survive Gamma-Ray Bursts in the high-redshift universe?
• The metallicity and star formation activity of long gamma-ray burst hosts for z$<$3: insights from the Illustris simulation
• Non-parametric Morphologies of Mergers in the Illustris Simulation
• Gamma Ray Bursts as Probes of the Distant Universe
• Luminosity Distribution of Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies at redshift z=1 in Cosmological Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic Simulations: Implications for the Metallicity Dependence of GRBs
• Towards an understanding of long gamma-ray burst environments through circumstellar medium population synthesis predictions
• Galactic archaeology at high redshift: inferring the nature of GRB host galaxies from abundances
• On the Host Galaxy of GRB 150101B and the Associated Active Galactic Nucleus
• The First Billion Years project: gamma-ray bursts at z>5
• ALMA CO Observations of the Host Galaxies of Long-duration Gamma-ray Bursts. I: Molecular Gas Scaling Relations
• Host galaxies of long gamma-ray bursts in the Millennium Simulation
• Herschel/PACS Observations of the Host Galaxy of GRB 031203
• The obscured hyper-energetic GRB 120624B hosted by a luminous compact galaxy at z = 2.20
• The long and the short of it: modelling double neutron star and collapsar Galactic dynamics
• Fundamental physics from black holes, neutron stars and gamma-ray bursts
• A nearby GRB host galaxy: VLT/X-shooter observations of HG 031203
• A spectroscopic measure of the star-formation rate density in dwarf galaxies at z~1
• Star-formation rates of two GRB host galaxies at z~2 and a [CII] deficit observed with ALMA
• Gamma-ray burst host galaxies at low and high redshift
• The extinction properties of long GRB host galaxies from H and He I recombination lines
• Chemical evolution models: GRB host identification and cosmic dust predictions
• SRG/eROSITA prospects for detection of GRB afterglows
• Why Are Some Gamma-Ray Bursts Hosted by Oxygen-rich Galaxies?
• The luminous, massive and solar metallicity galaxy hosting the Swift gamma-ray burst, GRB 160804A at z = 0.737
• Multiwavelength observations of GRB 140629A. A long burst with an achromatic jet break in the optical and X-ray afterglow
• Local absorption of high-energy emission from gamma-ray bursts
• Relativistic supernova 2009bb exploded close to an atomic gas cloud
• The unusual X-ray light-curve of GRB 080307: the onset of the afterglow?
• GRB 071028B, a burst behind large amounts of dust in an unabsorbed galaxy
• The nature of Long-GRB host galaxies from chemical abundances
• Local starburst conditions and formation of GRB 980425 / SN 1998bw within a collisional ring
• The contribution of X-ray binaries to the evolution of late-type galaxies: Evolutionary population synthesis simulations
• The interstellar medium in the environment of the supernova-less long-duration GRB 111005A
• The Redshift Dependence of the Radio Flux of Gamma-Ray Bursts and Their Host Galaxies
• A break in the high-redshift stellar mass Tully-Fisher relation
• Physical conditions and element abundances in SN and GRB host galaxies at different redshifts
• Probing the Long Gamma-Ray Burst Progenitor by Lyman-alpha Emission of Host Galaxies
• Shock fronts in the long GRB031203 host galaxy
• A Tight Three-parameter Correlation and Related Classification on Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Metallicities in long GRB host galaxies at z$<$0.5 calculated by the detailed modelling of optical and infrared line ratios
• Revisiting the Relationship between the Long GRB Rate and Cosmic Star Formation History Based on a Large Swift Sample
• Soft X-ray absorption excess in gamma-ray burst afterglow spectra: Absorption by turbulent ISM
• Exploring Damped Lyman-$\alpha$ System Host Galaxies using Gamma-ray Bursts
• Chemical abundances and spatial distribution of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Linking Short Gamma Ray Bursts and their Host Galaxies
• Core-collapse Supernovae and Gamma-ray Bursts in TMT Era
• The Cosmic Chemical Evolution as seen by the Brightest Events in the Universe
• New radio constraints on the obscured star formation rates of massive GRB hosts at redshifts 2-3.5
• Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies: Specific Star Formation Rate vs. Metallicity
• Infrared molecular hydrogen lines in GRB host galaxies
• The Cosmic Evolution of Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies
• Clustering of galaxies around GRB sight-lines
• An unusual transient following the short GRB 071227
• ALMA Host galaxy observation of the off-axis Gamma-Ray Burst XRF020903
• The CGM-GRB Study II: Outflow-Galaxy Connection at z ~ 2-6
• Neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts: propagation of cosmic rays in their host galaxies
• JWST reveals a supernova following a gamma-ray burst at z $\simeq$ 7.3
• Keck Observations of 160 Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies
• GRB 180728A and SN 2018fip: the nearest high-energy cosmological gamma-ray burst with an associated supernova
• Is Bremsstrahlung A Possible Mechanism to Explain the Thermal Feature in the GRB 130925A X-ray Afterglow?
• The metallicity dependence of long-duration gamma-ray bursts
• First IFU observations of two GRB host galaxies at cosmic noon with JWST/NIRSpec
• Accessing the Host Galaxies of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts with Next-Generation Telescopes
• Finding LoTSS of hosts for GRBs: a search for galaxy - gamma-ray burst coincidences at low frequencies with LOFAR
• No Enough Evidence In Support Of Correlation Between Gamma-ray Bursts And Foreground Galaxiy Clusters In the Swift Era
• Deep ATCA and VLA radio observations of short-GRB host galaxies. Constraints on star-formation rates, afterglow flux, and kilonova radio flares
• A Radio-selected Population of Dark, Long Gamma-ray Bursts: Comparison to the Long Gamma-ray Burst Population and Implications for Host Dust Distributions
• Host Galaxies of Gamma-Ray Bursts