A Tight Three-parameter Correlation and Related Classification on Gamma-Ray Bursts

Abstract

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are widely believed to be from massive collapsars and/or compact binary mergers, which accordingly, would generate long and short GRBs, respectively. The details on this classification scheme have been in constant debate given more and more observational data available to us. In this work, we apply a series of data mining methods to studying the potential classification information contained in the prompt emission of GRBs detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor. A tight global correlation is found between fluence ($f$), peak flux ($F$) and prompt duration ($T_{90}$) which takes the form of $\log f=0.75\log T_{90}+0.92\log F-7.14$. Based on this correlation, we can define a new parameter $L=1.66\log T_{90}+0.84\log f-0.46\log F+3.24$ by linear discriminant analysis that would distinguish between long and short GRBs with much less ambiguity than $T_{90}$. We also discussed the three subclasses scheme of GRB classification derived from clusters analysis based on a Gaussian mixture model, and suggest that, besides SGRBs, LGRBs may be divided into long-bright gamma-ray bursts (LBGRBs) and long-faint gamma-ray bursts (LFGRBs), LBGRBs have statistical higher $f$ and $F$ than LFGRBs; further statistical analysis found that LBGRBs also have higher number of GRB pulses than LFGRBs.

arXiv comment12 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for Publication in ApJ

References in corpus (36)

• The Origin of the Mass--Metallicity Relation: Insights from 53,000 Star-Forming Galaxies in the SDSS
• Collapsars - Gamma-Ray Bursts and Explosions in "Failed Supernovae"
• The Supernova -- Gamma-Ray Burst Connection
• Gamma-Ray Bursts as the Death Throes of Massive Binary Stars
• Long gamma-ray bursts and core-collapse supernovae have different environments
• Metallicities of 0.3<z<1.0 Galaxies in the GOODS-North Field
• The Observed Offset Distribution of Gamma-Ray Bursts from Their Host Galaxies: A Robust Clue to the Nature of the Progenitors
• Studies in Astronomical Time Series Analysis. VI. Bayesian Block Representations
• Nearby Supernova Rates from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search. III. The Rate-Size Relation, and the Rates as a Function of Galaxy Hubble Type and Colour
• The afterglow of GRB050709 and the nature of the short-hard gamma-ray bursts
• The Galaxy Population Hosting Gamma-Ray Bursts
• The afterglow and elliptical host galaxy of the short gamma-ray burst GRB 050724
• The Fourth Fermi-GBM Gamma-Ray Burst Catalog: A Decade of Data
• The Locations of Short Gamma-ray Bursts as Evidence for Compact Object Binary Progenitors
• Three types of gamma-ray bursts
• Closing in on a Short-Hard Burst Progenitor: Constraints from Early-Time Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy of a Possible Host Galaxy of GRB 050509b
• Long-lag, Wide-Pulse Gamma-Ray Bursts
• A 3rd Class of Gamma Ray Bursts?
• The Stellar Ages and Masses of Short GRB Host Galaxies: Investigating the Progenitor Delay Time Distribution and the Role of Mass and Star Formation in the Short GRB Rate
• Low-Luminosity Gamma-Ray Bursts as a Distinct GRB Population:A Firmer Case from Multiple Criteria Constraints
• A New Classification Method for Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Detailed Classification of Swift's Gamma-Ray Bursts
• A Comparative Study of Long and Short GRBs. I. Overlapping Properties
• The Optical Afterglow and z=0.92 Early-type Host Galaxy of the Short GRB 100117A
• Gaussian-Mixture-Model-based Cluster Analysis Finds Five Kinds of Gamma Ray Bursts in the BATSE Catalog
• Analysis of the duration--hardness ratio plane of gamma-ray bursts using skewed distributions
• Testing the Gamma-Ray Burst Pulse Start Conjecture
• Multivariate analysis of BATSE gamma-ray burst properties using skewed distributions
• Machine-z: Rapid Machine Learned Redshift Indicator for Swift Gamma-ray Bursts
• Multivariate $t$-Mixtures-Model-based Cluster Analysis of BATSE Catalog Establishes Importance of All Observed Parameters, Confirms Five Distinct Ellipsoidal Sub-populations of Gamma Ray Bursts
• The afterglows of gamma-ray bursts
• Extension of an Exponential Light Curve GRB Pulse Model Across Energy Bands
• Multidimensional analysis of Fermi GBM gamma-ray bursts
• The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS): PCA-based automatic cleaning and reconstruction of survey spectra
• Possible correlations between the emission properties of short GRBs and their offsets from the host galaxies
• Identification of Artifacts and Interesting Celestial Objects in LAMOST Spectral Survey

Cited by in corpus (3)

• Classification of BATSE, Swift, and Fermi Gamma-Ray Bursts from Prompt Emission Alone
• Two Dimensional Clustering of Gamma-Ray Bursts using durations and hardness
• Characterization of the GRB prompt fundamental plane using Fermi-GBM data