Host Galaxy Properties and Offset Distributions of Fast Radio Bursts: Implications for their Progenitors

Kasper E. Heintz; J. Xavier Prochaska; Sunil Simha; Emma Platts; Wen-fai Fong; Nicolas Tejos; Stuart D. Ryder; Kshitij Aggarwal; Shivani Bhandari; Cherie K. Day; Adam T. Deller; Charles D. Kilpatrick; Casey J. Law; Jean-Pierre Macquart; Alexandra Mannings; Lachlan J. Marnoch; Elaine M. Sadler; Ryan M. Shannon

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abb6fb

paper

Host Galaxy Properties and Offset Distributions of Fast Radio Bursts: Implications for their Progenitors

arXiv:2009.10747 · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abb6fb

Abstract

We present observations and detailed characterizations of five new host galaxies of fast radio bursts (FRBs) discovered with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) and localized to $≲ 1^{''}$ . Combining these galaxies with FRB hosts from the literature, we introduce criteria based on the probability of chance coincidence to define a sub-sample of 10 highly-confident associations (at $z = 0.03 - 0.52$ ), three of which correspond to known repeating FRBs. Overall, the FRB host galaxies exhibit a broad, continuous range of color ( $M_{u} - M_{r} = 0.9 - 2.0$ ), stellar mass ( $M_{⋆} = 1 0^{8} - 6 \times 1 0^{10} M_{⊙}$ ), and star-formation rate ( $SFR = 0.05 - 10 M_{⊙} yr^{- 1}$ ) spanning the full parameter space occupied by $z < 0.5$ galaxies. However, they do not track the color-magnitude, SFR- $M_{⋆}$ , nor BPT diagrams of field galaxies surveyed at similar redshifts. There is an excess of "green valley" galaxies and an excess of emission-line ratios indicative of a harder radiation field than that generated by star-formation alone. From the observed stellar mass distribution, we rule out the hypothesis that FRBs strictly track stellar mass in galaxies ( $> 99%$ c.l.). We measure a median offset of 3.3 kpc from the FRB to the estimated center of the host galaxies and compare the host-burst offset distribution and other properties with the distributions of long- and short-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs and SGRBs), core-collapse supernovae (CC-SNe), and Type Ia SNe. This analysis rules out galaxies hosting LGRBs (faint, star-forming galaxies) as common hosts for FRBs ( $> 95%$ c.l.). Other transient channels (SGRBs, CC- and Type Ia SNe) have host galaxy properties and offsets consistent with the FRB distributions. All of the data and derived quantities are made publicly available on a dedicated website and repository.

Accepted for publication in ApJ. All data are publicly available at https://frbhosts.org and https://github.com/FRBs/FRB. Version 2 of manuscript includes updated FRB uncertainty estimates

Host Galaxy Properties and Offset Distributions of Fast Radio Bursts: Implications for their Progenitors

Abstract

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