Late-time cosmological constraints on three holographic dark energy models with DESI DR2 BAO and Type Ia supernovae

Abstract

We constrain three holographic-inspired dark energy models, namely holographic dark energy (HDE), agegraphic dark energy (ADE), and Ricci dark energy (RDE), using late-time observations from cosmic chronometers, Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), and {redshift-space distortion (RSD) growth measurements}. Five data combinations are considered: $H(z)+$Pantheon+, $H(z)+$DESI DR2+Pantheon+, $H(z)+$DESI DR2+DES-Dovekie, $H(z)+$DESI DR2+DESY5, and {$H(z)+$DESI DR2+DES-Dovekie+RSD}. We perform Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo parameter estimation and compare the models with AIC and BIC. In the BAO-included combinations, HDE gives $H_0\simeq 67.3$--$68.0\mathrm{km}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}\mathrm{Mp}{\mathrm{c}}^{-1}$, ${\Omega }_{m0}\simeq 0.270$--$0.272$, and $c\simeq 1$, indicating an expansion history close to the de Sitter boundary rather than a robust phantom regime. ADE yields a stable agegraphic parameter $n\simeq 2.78$--$2.81$, while RDE gives $\gamma \simeq 0.53$--$0.55$ and persistently favors a low matter density, ${\Omega }_{m0}\simeq 0.215$--$0.219$. {Treating $r_d$ as a free parameter reveals a strong negative correlation between $H_0$ and $r_d$, and the RSD-included combination provides a growth-level consistency check through $f{\sigma }_8(z)$ without constituting a full perturbative stability analysis.} None of the three models significantly alleviates the Hubble tension. Overall, HDE shows the most balanced phenomenological behavior among the three models, although current late-time data do not decisively prefer it over $\Lambda \text{CDM}$.

15 pages, 6 figures, submitted to EPJC

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