Raising the bar: new constraints on the Hubble parameter with cosmic chronometers at z$\sim$2

Abstract

One of the most compelling tasks of modern cosmology is to constrain the expansion history of the Universe, since this measurement can give insights on the nature of dark energy and help to estimate cosmological parameters. In this letter are presented two new measurements of the Hubble parameter H(z) obtained with the cosmic chronometer method up to $z\sim 2$. Taking advantage of near-infrared spectroscopy of the few very massive and passive galaxies observed at $z>1.4$ available in literature, the differential evolution of this population is estimated and calibrated with different stellar population synthesis models to constrain H(z), including in the final error budget all possible sources of systematic uncertainties (star formation history, stellar metallicity, model dependencies). This analysis is able to extend significantly the redshift range coverage with respect to present-day constraints, crossing for the first time the limit at $z\sim 1.75$. The new H(z) data are used to estimate the gain in accuracy on cosmological parameters with respect to previous measurements in two cosmological models, finding a small but detectable improvement ($\sim$5 %) in particular on ${\Omega }_M$ and $w_0$. Finally, a simulation of a Euclid-like survey has been performed to forecast the expected improvement with future data. The provided constraints have been obtained just with the cosmic chronometers approach, without any additional data, and the results show the high potentiality of this method to constrain the expansion history of the Universe at these redshifts.

5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication as MNRAS letter. The H(z) data can be downloaded at http://www.physics-astronomy.unibo.it/en/research/areas/astrophysics/cosmology-with-cosmic-chronometers

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• Dynamical Dark Energy Signatures from a New Transition $Om(z)$ Parametrization in Flat FLRW Cosmology
• Testing Exponential $f(R)$ Gravity with CMB, DESI-DR2, and Supernova Data
• A Review on Resolving the Hubble Tension via Late-Universe Physics
• Derivative hierarchy as the origin of kernel-dependent trends in Gaussian process reconstructions of the hubble parameter
• Gamma-Ray Bursts Calibrated by Using Artificial Neural Networks from the Pantheon+ Sample
• Observational constraints on thawing quintessence scalar field model
• Strengthening interacting agegraphic dark energy DGP constraints with local measurements and multimessenger forecastings
• Is Dark Energy Increasing or Decreasing in the Late Universe?
• Cosmological constraints on the big bang quantum cosmology model
• Towards a Machine Learning Solution for Hubble Tension: Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) Analysis of Tsallis Holographic Dark Energy in Presence of Neutrinos
• Observational Constraints on Chaplygin Gas Models in Non-Minimally Coupled Power Law $f(Q)$ Gravity with Quasars
• Cosmology in energy-momentum squared symmetric teleparallel gravity
• The cosmological Mass Varying Neutrino model in the late universe
• An Alternative Approach to the Exact Solution of FRW-Type Spacetime with a Generalized Chaplygin Gas
• Observational constraints on Luciano-Saridakis entropic cosmology
• Ricci cosmology in light of astronomical data
• Can dark energy explain a high growth index?
• Cosmological Dynamics of Exponential Quintessence Constrained by BAO, Cosmic Chronometers, and DES-SN5YR/Pantheon+ Data
• Reconstruction of Tsallis Holographic Dark Energy via Modified Non-Metric Gravity: An $f(Q,C)$ Approach
• Induced cosmological anisotropy by a gauge-gravity interaction
• Some Classes of Interacting Two-Fluid Model of the Expanding Universe
• Inference of cosmological models with principal component analysis
• Quintessence dark energy model in non-linear $f(Q)$ theory with bulk-viscosity
• Compact Objects in 4D Einstein Gauss Bonnet Gravity A Data Based Perspective
• Running Einstein Constant and a Possible Vacuum State of the Universe
• On the energy flow of $\lambda$ in Hořava-Lifshitz cosmology
• Nature-inspired optimization, the Philippine Eagle, and cosmological parameter estimation
• Background dynamics and observational constraints of flat and non-flat $\Lambda (t)$CDM models from $H(z)$ and DESI DR2 BAO measurements
• Geometric formulation of $k$-essence and late-time acceleration
• Is Dark Energy an Effective Manifestation of Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics? -- Insights from DESI
• Model-independent reconstruction of cosmic thermodynamics and dark energy dynamics
• Constraints on AvERA Cosmologies from Cosmic Chronometers and Type Ia Supernovae
• FLRW Kinematic-Induced Measurement of the Hubble Constant from Cosmic Chronometer and Redshift Drift Observations
• Optimizing Gaussian Process Kernels Using Nested Sampling and ABC Rejection for H(z) Reconstruction
• Late-Time Cosmic Acceleration from QCD Confinement Dynamics
• Testing the CCC+TL cosmology with cosmic-chronometer measurements of the Hubble parameter
• Cosmic Dynamics in Einstein-Cartan Theory: Analysing Hubble Tension through Curvature and Torsion field
• Late-time cosmological constraints on three holographic dark energy models with DESI DR2 BAO and Type Ia supernovae
• Constraining the Hubble Constant with a Simulated Full Covariance Matrix Using Neural Networks
• Testing the cosmic distance duality relation using model-independent approach
• No preference for generalized emergent dark energy from current cosmological data
• Implications of a high growth index on the variation of $G$
• Constraints on the Modified Emergent Dark Energy Model Using DESI DR2 BAO
• Bayesian and Machine-Learning Analyses of Nonminimal $f(Q)$ Gravity and $H_0$ Tension
• A comparative study of emergent dark energy models
• Yano-Schrödinger Hyperfluid: Cosmological Implications
• EFT of Dark Energy with Cosmic Chronometers: Reconstructing Background EFT Functions
• Cosmic chronometers with galaxy clusters: a new avenue for multi-probe cosmology
• A Spectrum of Cosmological Rips and Their Observational Signatures
• $G_3$ -- interacting scalar tensor dark energy
• Genetic algorithm demystified for cosmological parameter estimation
• A Combined Barrow Entropy and QCD Ghost Mechanism for Late-Time Cosmic Acceleration
• Observational Constraints and Geometric Diagnostics of Barboza-Alcaniz and Logarithmic Dark Energy Parametrizations